House in Reckingen / Roman HutterArchitektur

建筑师：Roman Hutter Architektur
地点：瑞士，Reckingen
建筑师负责人：Roman Hutter, CarolaWies
合作建筑师：Harry Heyck
面积：135.8 sqm
年份：2012
摄影：Markus Kach

Architects: Roman Hutter Architektur
Location: Reckingen, Switzerland
Architect In Charge: Roman Hutter, CarolaWies
Collaborator Architect: Harry Heyck
Area: 135.8 sqm
Year: 2012
Photographs: Markus Kach

初始状况

Goms是位于瓦莱州的一处多山区域。除了令人印象深刻的地景特征之外，该区域的大部分土地上依然保有着具数百年历史的传统木构建筑。不幸的是，在过去的几十年间，这一建筑形式并没有得到积极的发展。很多新建成的建筑没有与该村落的传统建筑特色相融合，甚至不曾尝试在已有传统的基础上发展一种新的建造方式。我们的目标不应只是保持现有状况，而应发展出一套基于已有木构建筑的品质和特色的总体策略。

Initial Situation
The Goms is a mountainous region located in the Valais canton. Besides the impressive landscape features a centuries-old tradition of wood construction which still exists in extensive parts of the area. Unfortunately, this building style didn’t evolve in a positive manner during the last couple of decades. Many of the newly built structures do not blend in with the character of the villages. Furthermore, no attempts are made to evolve a new style of housing based on the existing traditions. The goal should not be to solely conserve the existing context, but to develop an overall strategy rooted in the qualities and characteristics of the existing context.

木构建筑：

Goms谷中村落的历史和文化总是与木构建筑的发展紧密相联。遗憾的是，那些关于木构建筑的特殊施工技术的渊博学问，并没有被应用在新楼宇的建造中，而是消逝于光阴，慢慢地被人们所遗忘。因此，使这些宝贵的知识特别是木构施工手段再次焕发魅力光辉，以将其传承给我们的子孙后代，显得尤为重要。由于在这片地区的深远发展，这种建造方式被认为是十分生态和可持续发展的。

Wooden Structures
The history and culture of the villages in the Goms valley have always been closely related to the development of wooden structures. Unfortunately, the profound knowledge about the particular construction technique tends to sink into oblivion instead of being applied during the construction of new buildings. Therefore it is important to pass this valuable knowledge on to our descendants while making it more attractive again. This applies for the log construction method in particular. Due to the fact that it is deeply rooted in the region, it can be considered highly ecological and sustainable.

项目场地：

该项目位于村落人口较少的北部边缘，与一个普通的历史木构建筑群仅有一箭之遥。这栋建筑根据客户的需求调整了构造逻辑，重新诠释了这一具有悠久历史的建构方式。场地的倾斜地面被保留了下来并用当地的草皮覆盖，在主入口与附近的道路之间只有一条羊肠小道相连。建筑的木构部分被置于围合底层的混凝土基座上，以防止受到湿气的影响。然而，位于底层的内墙也是木构的一部分，它们可以理解为是上层木构向由底层闭合的墙体和底板组成的混凝土外壳的延伸。这样的话，木料就可以在整栋建筑中无阻地传递自然的温馨。

Project Site
The project site is located at the loosely populated northern edge of the village. A generic historical cluster of houses constructed in the log building method is located only a stone’s throw away. The building adapts the constructive logic of this significant historic construction style while reinterpreting it according to the clients needs. The sloping terrain mainly remains unchanged and is hence covered by the typical local meadows. Only a narrow pass way serves as connection between main entrance and adjacent road. To protect the wooden structure from moisture, it is placed on top of a concrete base which at the same time envelops the ground floor. The interior walls of this floor however are part of the wooden structure. They can be understood as an extension of the wooden upper floors reaching into the concrete shell consisting of the enclosing walls of the ground floor and the slab underneath. Like this, the wood can unopposedly spread its natural warmth within the entire volume of the building.

材料

木构建筑建造手法的特性决定了项目的结构和用材。这栋建筑的木结构框架、窗户以及大部分内建都是使用比云杉木更显尊贵和耐用的落叶松木建造的，漫步其中，随时都能看到这些渗透建筑每个角落的木墙。与之相对，内部绝缘的外墙则是由石膏板包裹并覆盖上灰色的熟石膏建成，这就形成了无机物与有机表面两者间鲜明的相互作用，位于有机表面上沿的缝隙阴影清晰地揭示了其非结构性的特征。

Material
The character of the log building method is determining the structure and materiality of the project. The log structure itself is made of larch wood, which is more noble and resistant than spruce wood and is also used for the windows and most built-ins. The log walls, which penetrate the inside of the building are visible at all times. By contrast, the internally insulated outer walls are clad with gypsum boards and covered with grey slaked lime plaster. This generates a contrasting interplay between mineral and organic surfaces. The shadow gap along the upper edge of each plastered surface clearly reveals its non-structural character.

空间概念

根据被视为木构建筑典型的箱体系统，建筑一层被对称地分割为一个循环区和四个大小相同的房间，包括洗浴和桑拿房、技术设备用房以及两个工作室。根据各自房间到屋顶能使钢琴移动的高度，房间布局向上拓宽。从这里可以通往占据了整个建筑宽度的开敞阳台，两张处于免受寒风的位置的长凳使人可以在这里逗留休憩。

Spacial Concept
Due to the system of chambers which is known to be typical for log buildings, the ground floor is symmetrically divided into a circulation zone and four equally sized rooms. Those contain bath and sauna, technical installations and two studios. This room layout widens upwardly according to the respective function of the rooms to climax right under the pitching roof as over height piano mobile. From here, one can gain access to the spacious balcony occupying the entire width of the building. Two outside benches invites to linger while being well sheltered from the wind.

可持续发展

由于有从地下提取的热量，建筑的采暖并不需要使用化石能源。可再生的建筑材料木材减少了灰色能量产生的数量，从而最大限度地减少了建筑的生态足迹。此外，回到木构建筑方法的保护，这栋建筑的设计也为当地传统工艺的复苏和发展做出了贡献。

Sustainability
Thanks to the extraction of thermal heat from the ground, no fossil energy is used for heat production. The renewable construction material wood reduces the amount of grey energy and thus decisively minimizes the ecological footprint of the building. In addition to that, returning to the log building method preserves, revives and promotes a traditional local craftsmanship.

Situation

Plan

Plan

Elevation

Elevation

Section

Section

                            特别鸣谢翻译一组8号 M1X 提供的翻译，译稿版权归译者所有，转载请注出明处。