内盒院本质上是“房中房”。它是一个预制模块建造系统在老旧四合院建筑中应用的统称。 这个系统通过在老旧四合院中置入预制模块内盒，为生活在老旧四合院中的人们提供符合现代生活质量标准、并且节能高效的居住环境。 “内盒院”首先应用于大栅栏地区，是其城市更新的一个试点项目。大栅栏位于北京城中心，曾经密布的深宅大院，如今却都成为破旧的大杂院。随着人口的迁出和建筑的老化，这些老旧四合院中留下了越来越多的空房，残旧破败。 对大栅栏地区的居民来说，修缮老宅或新建房屋都不易实现，因为这意味着高昂的花费。例如传统的房屋做法缺乏很好的保温和密闭性，即便新建也是如此；因为城市管线不允许，基本都没有私人卫生间；一般的改造措施很有可能会损坏老的木结构，更因为这些四合院中多数仍有居民居住，房屋的结构都连在一起，改造旧有结构就一定会影响到其他家的空间与结构，甚至隐私。 于是乎，人们的共识就是不要去碰这些问题，不要去维护和更新老房屋，任其年久失修，这在大栅栏地区是非常普遍的现象。 针对上述问题，“内盒院“由此而生。

众建筑（People’s Architecture Office)开发出一套新型的预制PU复合夹芯板系统，这种板材整合了结构、保温、门窗、电线、水管、插座以及室内外表面。 具有重量轻，安装快捷，运输方便等特点。因为内置了连接件，系统中所有板材仅通过一个内六角扳手即可固定连接，无需专业人员，无需特殊训练，常见的内盒仅需几人即可在一天内完成安装搭建。同时因为板材在工厂进行批量化生产，能够做到高质量与低价格的兼得。“内盒院”更新方式的成本大大低于常见老旧房屋修缮或者新建的成本。 杨梅竹斜街72号院是“内盒院”的第一代试样。它将会成为客座研究者调查研究大栅栏地区的生活/工作场所。它包含两个内盒，北房的是办公室，室内的家具都由众产品设计制作，南房的是拥有卫生间的客房. “内盒院”也提供了一种保护老建筑的方法。在中国，大部分“历史建筑保护工程”无视真正的老建筑，拆除代替以相似的新建“老建筑”，忽略抹去真实的 历史痕迹。而“内盒院”却完全保留原有的老建筑，通过插入的方法提升使用功能的质量，从而延长了老建筑的生命。 尽管大栅栏的这些四合院属于历史建筑，但它们并不是静止的博物馆。“内盒院”建议保留老建筑物的理想方式是让人们关注和使用它们。 “内盒院”的目的不是为了搞个旅游景点，而是为了要在这里生活。 The Courtyard House Plugin The Courtyard House Plugin is essentially a house within a house. It is a prefabricated modular system designed to bring modern living standards and energy efficiency to buildings that are centuries old while keeping them fully intact. The Plugin at Courtyard 72 is part of Dashilar District’s Urban Regeneration Pilot. Located in the center of Beijing, Dashilar is an historic area dotted with traditional Chinese courtyard houses that are partially occupied. These courtyards were once filled by multiple families. Today, old and dilapidated, the courtyards are vacated for newer housing in the suburbs. In Dashilar the costs of renovating or rebuilding courtyards often outweigh the financial benefits to their owners. These old structures lack modern insulation and private bathrooms and can be permanently damaged from new interventions. More importantly, parts of these courtyards are still occupied by other families, and structural upgrades may infringe upon their space or privacy. Thus, neglected courtyard structures that have fallen into disrepair are common sights in Dashilar.

The Courtyard House Plugin provides an alternative to this problem. People's Architecture Office developed a new type of prefabricated panel made of a composite that incorporates structure, insulation, wiring, plumbing, windows, doors, interior and exterior finishes into one molded part. Panels are light, easy to handle, and cheap to ship. They snap and lock together with the use of a single tool, a hex wrench. The entire Plugin structure can be assembled by a few people in one day, and requires no skill or special training. And because they are mass-produced, Plugin panels can be made in high quality, yet remain inexpensive. 'Plugging in' is half the cost of renovating an old courtyard house and about a fifth the cost of tearing down and rebuilding a new courtyard. Courtyard 72 is the first prototype of the Courtyard House Plugin. It will function as a live/work space for guest researchers investigating the urban condition of the Dashilar area. This Plugin features a 40m2 office space and a 20m2 guest room with a private bathroom. The Courtyard House Plugin also presents an alternative approach to preservation. In China, countless examples of 'historic preservation' projects are merely sanitized versions of old buildings that ignore and erase the traces of history. The Plugin extends the life of courtyard houses by upgrading their relevant functions while keeping the original building untouched. While these courtyards are historic structures, they are not museums frozen in time. This method of 'plugging in' suggests that an ideal way to preserve a building is to have people care about and use them. The ambition of the Plugin is to renew interest in historic neighborhoods not as tourist destinations, but as places for living.

本文来源于：www.peoples-architecture.com via:gooood