爱荷华大学视觉艺术馆-文化建筑|艺术馆-专筑网

爱荷华大学视觉艺术馆

2017-01-11 20466 Views iarch001

建筑, 文化建筑, 艺术馆, 视觉艺术, 美国, 爱荷华大学, 2016, 斯蒂文霍尔建筑师事务所, 混凝土, 铝板

Visual Arts Building, University of Iowa

爱荷华大学艺术史学院的视觉艺术馆为众多视觉艺术媒介提供126,000平方英尺的挑高空间，从古老的冶金技术到先进的虚拟现实技术、陶艺、3D设计、金属艺术、珠宝艺术、雕塑与绘画艺术、平面设计、媒体技术、影视与摄影艺术等。新馆同时也具备画廊，办公空间、室外屋顶工作室以及艺术史教学空间。

The new Visual Arts facility for the University of Iowa's School of Art and Art History provides 126,000 sf of loft- like space for all visual arts media, from ancient metalsmithing techniques to the most advanced virtual reality technologies, including Ceramics, 3D Design, Metal Arts & Jewelry, Sculpture, Printmaking, Painting & Drawing, Graphic Design, Intermedia, Video Art, and Photography. Also housed are galleries, faculty offices, an outdoor rooftop studio, and teaching spaces for Art History.

视觉艺术馆取代了在2008年6月时被洪水严重破坏的1936年原始艺术建筑。由斯蒂文霍尔建筑师事务所设计的视觉艺术馆与艺术史学院楼围合成了一个艺术方院，自2006年投入使用后便吸引各校学生来到这个公共空间和图书馆。两栋建筑构成了以艺术理论、教学及创作为主的视觉艺术校园。

2006年西侧落成的艺术史学院楼是水平多孔的平面结构，而视觉艺术馆则为垂直多孔的立体结构，其目的是使学院各学科之间在此公共流通空间进行最大程度的互动。

The Visual Arts Building replaces an original arts building from 1936, which was heavily damaged during a flood of the University of Iowa campus in June 2008. The new building forms an Arts Quad with Art Building West, which was designed by Steven Holl Architects and has drawn students from all over campus to its social spaces and library since opening in 2006. Together they form a visual arts campus for theorizing, teaching and making art.
While the 2006 Arts Building West is horizontally porous and of planar composition, the new building is vertically porous and volumetrically composed. The aim of maximum interaction between all departments of the school takes shape in social circulation spaces.

1. 互联的艺术：水平功能划分，垂直多孔空间

在当今的艺术院校，不断发展的数字技术使艺术间的互联和跨界拥有了更多的可能性，更能实现其根本价值。垂直切割各层平面所形成的开放空间促进了学院不同艺术学科之间的合作。学生们可以通过这些开放的区域看到进行中的活动并参与其中。紧邻内部流线的工作室玻璃隔断进一步促进了互联。

1. Interconnection: Horizontal Programs, Vertical Porosity
In a school of the arts today, interconnection and crossover, made increasingly possible through digital techniques, are of fundamental importance. Interdisciplinary collaboration between the School’s various art departments is facilitated in the vertical carving out of large open floor plates. Students can see activities ongoing across these openings and be encouraged to interact and meet. Further interconnection is facilitated by glass partitions along the studio walls adjacent to internal circulation.

2. 多重光源中心

自然光线与通风从“光源中心”被带进建筑内部。七个垂直切割体因各水平层面不同程度的移转而各具特色。这个几何结构创造了多重露台并为户外会议和非正式的户外工作提供空间，更进一步促进四个楼层之间的活动交流。

2. Multiple Centers of Light
Natural light and ventilation reach into the core of the building via “centers of light." The seven vertical cutouts are characterized by a language of shifted layers, where one floor plate slides past another. This geometry creates multiple balconies, providing outdoor meeting spaces and informal exterior working space, further encouraging interaction between the building’s four levels.

3. 楼梯作为垂直社交中心，走廊为水平集会空间

楼梯被塑造成可进行临时会议、互动和讨论的空间。摆放着桌椅的楼梯会阶平台处与带沙发的开放休息区为协同工作提供空间。

3. Stairs as Vertical Social Condensers: Corridors as Horizontal Meeting Spaces
Stairs are shaped to enable informal meeting, interaction and discussion. Some stairs stop at generous landings with tables and chairs, others open onto lounge spaces with sofas, for informal collaborative work.

4. 校园空间的定义与多孔性

原始校园网格布局在爱荷华河处破碎，如同撞击在石灰岩峭壁一样浑然天成。西侧的艺术史学院楼以模糊外缘呼应了这种不规则几何，而新馆以其简洁的平面重新定义校园的网格布局，使新的校园空间成为一片 “艺术原野”。

4. Campus Space Definition/Porosity
The original grid of the campus breaks up at the Iowa River, becoming organic as it hits the limestone bluff. The Arts West building reflects this irregular geometry in fuzzy edges. The new building picks up the campus grid again in its simple plan, defining the new campus space of the "arts meadow."

5. 材料共鸣，生态创新

窗户和天窗实现了建筑空间的自然通风。开孔的混凝土框架结构是建筑外墙隔热层，外观似“气泡”的辐射板为建筑内部提供制冷与供暖。新馆的西南面与东南面采用德国Rheinzink公司的冲孔铝板作遮阳罩，其表面会在自然氧化的作用下变成蓝绿色。

5. Material Resonance, Ecological Innovation
Natural ventilation is achieved via operable windows and skylights. A punched concrete frame structure provides thermal mass at the exterior while "bubble" slabs provide radiant cooling and heating. A Rheinzink skin in weathering blue-green is perforated for sun shade on the southwest and southeast.