2016 heralds beginning of the "megatall" skyscraper era

由专筑网Ann，刘庆新编译

据有关专家预测，在未来几年中，超过600米的超高层建筑的数量将会成倍增加。

超高层方面的权威(CTBUH) 高层建筑与都市住宅协会表示在接下来的五年中，超过600米的摩天大楼将会由原来的3幢增至7幢。

其中包括了未来将完工的沙特阿拉伯吉达市的王国塔，建筑高1000余米，还有位于中国湖北省高606米的武汉绿地中心大楼。

CTBUH将这一高度定义为“世界超高建筑的新领域”。

The number of skyscrapers over 600 metres high – known as "megatalls" – is set to more than double in the next few years, say experts.
Skyscraper authority the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) has revealed that the number of 600-metre-plus buildings in the world is set to rise from three to seven in the next five years.
This includes the completion of the 1,000-metre-high Kingdom Tower in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and the 606-metre Wuhan Greenland Center in Hubei Province, China.
CTBUH describes the height as the "new frontier for the world's tallest buildings".

The Kingdom Tower is set to become the world's tallest building at over 1,000 metres /即将落成的王国塔将因其1000余米的高度成为世界上最高的建筑

预测出自本周发布的年度报告中，同时报告也显示出2015年所建造的超高层建筑的数量多于之前的任何一年。

CTBUH表示， “超高”（supertall）一词过去用于定义建筑高度超过300米的建筑，现如今也不再作为一个难以企及的高度指标，因为已经有近100座摩天大楼达到了这一高度。

“随着超高层建筑（supertall skyscrapers）越来越常见，或许将会用‘megatall’一词来定义更高的超高层摩天大楼。” CTBUH表示。

“其中沙特王国塔将会成为这类建筑中首个竣工的高达千米的摩天大楼。”

“目前仅有三幢超过600米的建筑，但在接下来的几年中将会增加4幢——包括正在建设中的王国塔。” 高层建筑与都市住宅协会补充道。

The predictions were made in an annual report released this week, which also revealed that 2015 saw more skyscrapers built than any previous year on record.
According to the organisation, the term "supertall" – used to describe buildings over 300 metres – is no longer an indicator of extraordinary height, as there are now more that 100 skyscrapers that meet that criteria.
"With supertall skyscrapers more common than ever, many look to the megatall distinction as the new frontier for the world's tallest buildings," said CTBUH.
"That includes Jeddah Tower, which will become the world's tallest building and the first kilometre-high building upon completion."
"There are currently only three completed megatall buildings in the world, but that number is set to more than double in the coming years as four more – including Jeddah Tower – come online," it added.

SOM's Burj Khalifa in Dubai is currently the world's tallest building, and the first ever "megatall"/SOM设计的哈利法塔是目前世界上最高的建筑，也是首个被称为megatall摩天大楼的建筑。

        
首个"megatall"摩天大楼是SOM建筑事务所设计的迪拜哈利法塔，于2010年竣工，至今仍是世界最高的建筑。

其次是2012年建成的麦加皇家钟楼。第三幢建筑是532米高的上海中心大厦，现已竣工并对外开放。

Brian Lee——SOM事务所芝加哥分部合伙人——坚信结构与建造技术的进步能够促使高层建筑向更高的方向发展。

“建筑材料和技术促进了mega-tall摩天大楼的发展，像哈利法塔的建造就利用了这些方面的创新，集中密度并互相联结支撑，从而成为该地区的地标性建筑。” Lee对Dezeen表示。

但Lee预测随着城市设计中积极寻求协调建筑密度的发展途径，低层建筑将会发展的更加迅速。

“同时我认为未来也将更加关注低层建筑、相互关联的发展模式，结合更多的步行通廊、多属性空间，营造生机勃勃的社区空间，充分结合城市居民与城市空间。” Lee表示，“类似迪拜的城市将会努力创造更加丰富的城市空间，像巴黎一样。”

The first "megatall" skyscraper was SOM's Burj Khalifa in Dubai, which completed in 2010 and has held the title of world's tallest building ever since.
It was followed up in 2012 by the 601-metre-high Makkah Royal Clock Tower in Mecca. The third building to join the list was Gensler's 632-metre-high Shanghai Tower, which is now complete but yet to open.
Brian Lee, a Chicago-based partner at SOM, believes advancements in construction will continue to fuel the trend for taller and taller buildings.
"Materials and technologies that enable mega-tall buildings continue to improve," he told Dezeen. "Buildings like the Burj Khalifa utilise these innovations to concentrate density and create potent symbols for communities."
But Lee also predicts that low-rise developments will evolve faster, as cities try to find alternative ways to densify.
"I also foresee a focus on lower, interrelated developments that weave cities together to create more walkable, mixed-use, vibrant communities," he said. "Cities like Dubai are trying to be more like Paris."

The 632-metre-high Shanghai Tower is now complete, becoming the third "megatall" building/632米高的上海塔现已竣工，成为第三幢megatall摩天大楼

Barbara Weiss事务所作为伦敦在反对大规模建设超高层建筑的拥护者之一，对此持怀疑态度。
  
“反对建设超高层摩天大楼的组织和团体越来越多，一些从事超高层建筑工作的开发商和建筑师也认为超高层建筑存有争议，甚至对此感到歉疚。” Barbara Weiss表示。

“超高层塔楼的建筑周期正在发生不合理的变化，尤其是那些难以支付的豪华超高层公寓。大多数超高层建筑特立独行，影响了整个社区的平衡。”

高层建筑与都市住宅协会在数年前就预测了“megatal”超高层的时代，在2011年的报告中就声明至2020年将会建成8幢超过600米的建筑。

“未来十年中megatalls的数量将会相当于90年代期间所建造的supertalls。” CTBUH表示。

Architect Barbara Weiss, one of the driving forces in a campaign to curtail skyscraper construction in London, is more skeptical.
"More and more opposition groups are forming [against skyscraper developments], and even developers and architects working on skyscrapers appear defensive and even somewhat apologetic," she said.
"The property cycle is going the wrong way for towers, particularly for ones that are creating flats that are not affordable," she added. "The majority of the skyscrapers that are being built are eyesores, and are destroying communities."
CTBUH has been predicting the "era of the megatall" for several years. In 2011 it published a report predicting that eight 600-metre-plus buildings will be finished by 2020.
"The number of megatalls set to complete in the upcoming decade is similar to the number of supertalls completed in the 90s,"  it claimed.

出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。