对于勒•柯布西耶你可能不知道的14个有趣的事实
14 Interesting Facts You Probably Didn’t Know About Le Corbusier

由专筑网缕夕，杨帆编译

如果您是建筑师或设计师，那么您肯定挺了解现代建筑先驱大师勒•柯布西耶。你可能知道他的萨伏伊别墅，朗香教堂，模数和未实现的光辉城市规划，但你是否知道这位著名的建筑师从来没有真正研究过建筑学，而且还有钞票印有他的照片？如果深度挖掘建筑师背后的趣事，有些也可能会让你失望。

1. 建筑师的实际名字是查尔斯•爱德华•乔纳雷，但他在1920年改名为勒柯布西耶（Le Corbusier）。这个名字由他祖父名字Lecorbésier变化而来。采用单一名字在当时的艺术家中颇受欢迎。

2. 勒•柯布西耶从来没有接受过正规的建筑学教育。他通过阅读书籍，参观博物馆和素描建筑进行自学。他在1951年告诉英国广播公司“我是反学校教育的。我要坦白的是，我13岁就离开学校了，因为学校的教育很枯燥，没有乐趣。”

3. 在1918年左右，勒柯西耶（Le Corbusier）的一只眼睛变得几乎失明。他会争辩说他的眼镜应该是相应的半价。

4. 1934年，菲利普•约翰逊设计了自己的眼镜，灵感来自于柯布西耶（Le Corbusier）的签名眼镜，并将改设计转由卡地亚（Cartier）进行制作。

5. 1934年，勒•柯布西耶被法西斯意大利总理贝尼托•墨索里尼邀请到罗马讲学。

6. 1936年，勒•柯布西耶和他的表妹Pierre Jeanneret 设计了一辆汽车，并把它称为最小的车辆。他们将其描述为“功能最大化的最简车辆”。该汽车从未实际制造，但建筑师坚持认为它启发了大众甲壳虫的诞生。

If you are an architect or a designer, then you most certainly know about the modern architecture pioneer, Le Corbusier. You probably know about his Villa Savoye, Ronchamp Chapel, the Modulor, and his unrealized plan for the Radiant City, but did you know that the famous architect has never actually studied architecture? Or that there is a banknote carrying his picture? Check these interesting facts about the famous architect. Unfortunately, some of them might let you down.
1. The architect’s actual name is Charles-édouard Jeanneret-Gris, but he named himself Le Corbusier in 1920. The name is a variation of his grandfather’s name, Lecorbésier. Adopting a single name was popular among artists back in the time.
2. Le Corbusier never had formal academic education in architecture. He taught himself by reading books, visiting museums, and sketching buildings. He told the BBC in 1951 “I am anti-school. I am going to confess to you that I left school at 13 because schools were very mean in the past, they were no fun.”
3. Le Corbusier became nearly blind in one eye around 1918. He would argue that his glasses should be half priced accordingly.
4. In 1934, Philip Johnson designed his own glasses, inspired by Le Corbusier’s signature glasses, and handed the designs to be made by Cartier.
5. Le Corbusier was invited by Fascist Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini to lecture in Rome, in 1934.
6. Le Corbusier and his cousin Pierre Jeanneret designed a car, in 1936, and called it Voiture Minimum. They described it as a “minimalist vehicle for maximum functionality.” The car was never, actually, manufactured, but the architect was persistent that it inspired the Volkswagen Beetle.



7. 1944年，勒柯布西耶接受法国维希政府提供的支持纳粹德国的城市规划职位。他打算重新设计包括阿尔及尔在内的多个城市。不过，他的计划遭到拒绝，之后，他退出了政治生活。

8. 在1950年代，勒•柯布西耶为独立后的印度设计了第一个规划城市。他的城市设计基于辐射城的概念。他还为昌迪加尔设计了一些行政大楼。虽然这个城市的设计颇具影响力，特别是在前苏联，却被批评为不友好型的建筑。此外，这些建筑被认为是巨大而无聊的。

9. 1964年，勒柯布西耶在普林斯顿大学遇见了爱因斯坦，并与之讨论了“模度”的相关问题。尽管勒柯布西耶对这个想法的“坏”解释，正如他所说，科学家在一封信中将其描述为“比例会使坏变得更难，而好变得容易。“

7. In 1944, Le Corbusier accepted an urban planning position offered by the French Vichy government which supported Nazi German. He was to work on the redesign of a number of cities including Algiers. However, his plans were rejected and he decided to withdraw from political life.
8. Le Corbusier designed India’s first planned city, after the country’s independence, in the 1950s. His design for the city was based on his concepts for the Radiant City. He, also, designed a number administrative buildings for the Chandigarh. Although the city’s design was quite influential, especially in the former Soviet Union, it was criticized for being pedestrian-unfriendly. Also, the buildings were thought to be huge and boring.
9. Le Corbusier met with Albert Einstein at Princeton University in 1964 and discussed the “Modulor.” In spite of Le Corbusier’s “bad” explanation of the idea, as he would say, the scientist described it in a letter as “a scale of proportions which makes the bad difficult and the good easy.”


勒柯布西耶和爱因斯坦／Le Corbusier and Albert Einstein

10. 1930年，勒•柯布西耶与时装模特Yvonne Gallis结婚。虽然他爱她，但并没有阻止他与法国艺人Josephine Baker和瑞典、美国混血的Marguerite Tjader Harris的外遇。

11. 在Yvonne Gallis死后，勒•柯布西耶在裤子后面的口袋里保存了她的非火化骨干，除了工作的时候从不拿出来；他会把它放在桌前看着。

12. 勒•柯西耶（Le Corbusier）被引述说“在太阳下游泳死去是很好的”，实际上，他在1965年没有依照医嘱，在地中海长时间游泳而去世，他的尸体之后被冲上岸，死因是心脏病发作。

13. 超现实主义画家萨尔瓦多•达利（Lv）将勒柯布西耶（Le Corbusier）的建筑描述为“世界上最丑的和最不可接受的建筑物”，1965年在其去世后，达利继续说：“勒•柯布西耶”的死亡使他感到非常高兴并称他为“在钢筋混凝土中工作的可怜的生物”，但达利从来没有停止在建筑师的坟墓上放花：“一方面，我憎恶他，但另一方面，我又是一个不折不扣的胆小鬼”。

14. 勒柯布西耶和他的作品被印在瑞士10法郎纸币上，加拿大和阿根廷的街道都以他的名字命名。

10. Le Corbusier married fashion model Yvonne Gallis, in 1930. Although he loved her, that didn’t stop him from having affairs with French entertainer Josephine Baker and Swedish-American heiress Marguerite Tjader Harris.
11.After Yvonne Gallis had died, Le Corbusier kept her non-cremated backbone in the back pocket of his trousers and never took it out except when he was working; he would place it on the table right in front of him to look at.
12. Le Corbusier who was quoted saying “How nice it would be to die swimming toward the sun,” did, actually, die in 1965 while taking a long swim in the Mediterranean, against his doctor’s instructions. His dead body washed ashore later. It is believed he died of a heart attack.
13. Surrealist painter Salvador Dali described Le Corbusier’s buildings as “the ugliest and most unacceptable buildings in the world,” after the latter’s death in 1965. Dali continued his ‘mourning’ by saying that Le Corbusier’s death filled him with an “immense joy” and calling him a “pitiable creature working in reinforced concrete.” However, that never stopped Dali from placing flowers on the late architect’s grave: “on the one hand I detested him but on the other hand I am an absolute coward.”
14.The Swiss-French architect and his works are featured on the Swiss 10 franc banknote, and there are streets in Canada and Argentine named after him.


瑞士10法郎钞票／The Swiss 10 franc banknote


出处：本文译自www.arch2o.com/，转载请注明出处。