公交站无障碍及安全化设计的6个小贴士，简练精辟
6 Tips for Designing Accessible and Safe Bus Stops

由专筑网缕夕，韩平编译

Designing urban spaces以改善所有居民的出行交通，这是全国城市交通官员协会NACTO的主要目标之一。该非营利的组织成立于1996年，他们的工作遍及了美国和加拿大的40多个城市，分享他们的建议和设计实践，以提高公共空间，流动性和交通运输方面的公共政策设计标准。

他们制定了一系列设计参考指南，使所有街道、路径、交叉路口和其他城市空间更易于访问和安全。在最新的是“过境街道设计指南”，其中提供了6条建议，以便在设计巴士站时可以从中得到一些参考。

Designing urban spaces to improve mobility for all inhabitants is one of the main objectives of NACTO, the National Association of City Transportation Officials. Founded in 1996, this non-profit organization brings together more than 40 US and Canadian cities to share their advice and design practices seeking to raise the design standards in public policies for public spaces, mobility, and transportation.
They’ve developed a series of guides in which they propose design guidelines to make streets, cycle paths, intersections and other urban spaces more accessible and safe for all road users. One of the most recent is the "Transit Street Design Guide" in which they offer, among other things, 6 recommendations to take into account when designing bus stops. Find out what these recommendations are below.


© NACTO

1.车站即门户

车辆交通与人行道和建筑物的关系是设计公交车站或车站时应特别注意的一点。 这是因为车辆停止与环境交互的方式，决定了它是否适合接入交通系统。
另外，如果这些停车站有使乘客候车时更愉快的元素，如树木、座位和建筑物，以防止他们受到雨淋，亦可以积极地影响行人和司机对公共交通的看法。

1. "Stations are Gateways."
The relationship vehicular traffic has with sidewalks and buildings is one point that should receive special attention when designing a bus stop or station. This is because the way a stop interacts with its environment determines whether or not it’s an appropriate access point to the transit system.
In addition, if the stops have elements to make the passengers’ wait more pleasant such as trees, seats, and a shelter to protect them from the rain, it is possible to positively influence the perceptions of public transport for the pedestrians and drivers in the surrounding area.


© NACTO

2.“促进运动，缓解相互作用”。

公共交通站在一个社区扮演的角色远远超过人们上下车的地步。事实上，如果停靠站的设计和位置很好，可以减少行驶时间，从而增加对交通系统的信心。

如果分布在城市各处的站点可以成为联运中心，并提供公共自行车租赁共享和其他服务的机会。这样的话，任何相关的投资将有利于车站的运行和街道的活动。

2. "Facilitate Movement, Ease Interactions."
The role that public transport stations can play in a neighborhood goes much further than just being where people get on and off a bus. In fact, if the design and location of the stops are well planned, it is possible to reduce travel times and thus increase confidence in the transit system.
This is possible if the stops become intermodal centers distributed throughout the city that offer public bicycle rentals as well as opportunities for ride shares and other services. By doing so, any investments that are made will benefit the operation of the station and activity at street level.


© NACTO

3.“内线停止节省时间”。

设置巴士专用车道停放可以减少其他车流的延误，集中停留在单车道的车流中。 这也提供了一个机会，创造一个更安全的空间，乘客可以更有秩序地上下车，还有助于将活动凝聚在人行道上的一个点上，而不影响行人的流动。

3. "In-lane Stops Save Time."
Stops in bus-only lanes make it possible to reduce delays for the other traffic by concentrating stops in traffic flow to a single lane. This also offers an opportunity to create a safer space where passengers can board buses more calmly. They also contribute to condensing activity to a single point on the sidewalk without affecting the flow of pedestrians.


© NACTO

4.“通用设计是公平的设计”。

如果公共汽车站设计是以人为本，从一开始就考虑其中，那么有可能让不同程度的乘客和任何年龄段的人都可以安全地搭载公共汽车。

这就是为什么NACTO认为智能设计改善了公共交通工具的使用体验，不仅对于所有用户而言，减少不必要的时间损耗。而且从一开始就很好地规划设计，可以减少未来大修所花费的时间以及维护或意外修理费用。

4. "Universal Design is Equitable Design."
It’s possible to ensure that differently-abled passengers and people of any age can safely board buses if the bus stops’ designs are people-centered and accessible to all from the outset.
That’s why NACTO believes that intelligent design improves trip experience on public transport not only for those who have reduced mobility, but for all users. Planning a design well from the start can reduce time spent on future overhauls as well as costs for upkeep or accident repairs.


© NACTO

5.“安全设计”。

NACTO定义了前往到停车站的交通安全和社会安全的行人路线，作为“实现安全[交通]系统至关重要的因素”。

出于同样的原因，他们提供了一些有助于实现这一目标的设计元素，其中包括考虑到停靠点接近全日制活动的区域，候车亭和站台被视为等待和人类照明的场所，换句话说，为人而不是汽车所设计的灯具。

在这样做时，组织规定乘客在规划何时何地搭乘公共交通工具时，可以做出更好的决定。

5. "Design for Safety."
NACTO defines having traffic safe and socially safe pedestrian routes from places of origin to stops as an element that is "vital to achieving a safe [transportation] system."
For that same reason, they offer some design elements that help to achieve this, including taking into consideration that the stops be close to areas of all-hours activity, that shelters and stands are seen as places for waiting and human-scale lighting, in other words, light fixtures designed for people and not cars.
In doing so, the organization states that passengers can make better decisions when planning where and when to take public transportation.


© NACTO

6.“整合车辆与站台设计”。

设计停车站与公共汽车和人行道水平是一个基本功能。NACTO认为这是任何系统的关键部分，也要求它们具有灵活的设计，能够与不同类型的总线一起使用。

6. "Integrate Vehicle and Platform Design."
Designing stops to be level with buses and the sidewalks is a basic feature so that boarding is first and foremost accessible and fast. This situation, which NACTO considers as a key part of any system, requires that they have a flexible design able to be used with different types of buses.


出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。