世界上最高的冰塔，弗拉门戈舞裙般的造型
World's tallest ice tower built with the shape of a flamenco dress

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

在中国哈尔滨今年的年度国际冰雪雕塑节上，有一座创纪录新高的31米冰塔，其形状灵感来源于西班牙弗拉门戈舞者的裙子。

来自荷兰的埃因霍芬理工大学（ Eindhoven University of Technology(TU/e)）、Summa College和哈尔滨工业大学的学生共同合作为2017年哈尔滨国际冰雪雕塑节建造了历史最高的冰塔。

它比2015年创造的21米冰塔还高出10米，是有史以来建造的最高冰塔。

A record-breaking 31-metre-high ice tower has been installed at the annual winter festival in Harbin, China, featuring a shape inspired by the flounces of a flamenco dancer's dress.
Students from Eindhoven University of Technology(TU/e) and Summa College, both from the Netherlands, and the Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) worked together to build the tower for the Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival.
It is significantly taller than the 21-metre-high tower created at the fair in 2015 – it is now being recognised as the tallest ice tower ever built.

冰塔的“弗拉门戈裙摆”和中空的锥形体量由浸有纤维素纤维的冰水制作而成，建造时将这些冰水喷射在充气膜上。

设计团队花了两年时间完善了这项技术，其中包括去年冬天在哈尔滨工业大学（HIT）建立了一个原型模型。

经过纤维强化的冰块强度是纯冰的三倍，可以使得结构更薄，跨度更大，以及更快地完成施工过程。冰层完成后会移除充气结构，留下平均厚度为25厘米的外壳。

The frozen frills and hollow cone-shaped tower were formed using icy water impregnated with cellulose fibres, which was sprayed in layers over an inflatable structure.
The design team spent two years perfecting this technique, which included building a prototype model on the HIT campus last winter.
The fibre-reinforced ice is three times stronger than pure ice, allowing for a thinner structure and greater spans, as well as a faster application process. Once the ice layers are complete, the inflatable is removed, leaving behind a shell that is 25 centimetres thick on average.

整个施工过程只需要水、天然纤维和低温，因此这个冰雕完全符合可持续发展策略，并且完全可回收。当春天来临之际，它将会化成水消失无踪。

设计团队希望这项技术能够应用于寒冷地区的临时建筑物之中，甚至希望将其运用于“火星任务 ”。

Because the construction method requires only water, naturally occurring fibres and low temperatures, the structure is highly sustainable and fully recyclable. When spring arrives, it will melt away without a trace.
They team hope the technology could be applied to building temporary structures in other cold places, "or even Mars missions".

中空的中央塔由六个悬臂支撑，四周被“弗拉门戈裙摆”围合，形成入口。游客可以爬上冰块台阶到达中央平台，在那里可以看到大教堂般的圆顶。

夜幕降临的时候，灯光和图案投射到半透明的冰面上，有着中国传统纸灯的效果。这些灯光在外部散开、在内部集中，让冰塔看上去如灯塔般晶莹剔透。

The hollow central tower is supported by six cantilevered legs, which open out under the swooping canopies to form entry points. Visitors can climb carved ice-block steps up to a central platform, where they can look up under the arches into the cathedral-like dome.
Lights and patterns are projected on to the translucent ice at night, referencing traditional Chinese paper lanterns. These lights scatter snowflakes on the exterior, making the tower glow from within.

哈尔滨以每年一度的冰雪雕塑节闻名于世，这里每年1月份会举办一次世界最大的冰雕比赛，活动为期一个月。

中国东北部受到来自西伯利亚的寒风袭击，在冬季时最低气温达零下16摄氏度，有时甚至会降至零下35摄氏度。

近年来，哈尔滨陆续建成许多新建筑，越来越多的游客选择到此旅行。MAD北京工作室也在哈尔滨完成了两个作品，即流动感十足的哈尔滨大剧院和一座木制雕塑博物馆。

Harbin is famed for its annual winter festival, a month-long event every January that holds competitions for the world's largest ice sculptures.
Located in northeastern China, where cold winds rush down from Siberia, the city experiences extreme temperatures of minus 16 degrees Celsius in winter, sometimes dipping to as low as minus 35.
In recent years, the city has opened new buildings to cater to the throngs of tourists who flock to the city for the festival. These include two buildings by Beijing studio MAD – an opera house with a sinuous form, and a museum dedicated to wooden sculptures.

冰雪雕塑节将持续到2018年2月底。

在北京2022年冬季奥运会时，设计师计划通过创造更多的冰雕作品来丰富这个节日。

The ice festival continues until the end of February 2018.
The designers plan to follow up the festival by creating more ice sculptures, coinciding with the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.

出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。