棱角分明的北极桑拿房
Toni Yli-Suvanto Architects creates angular Arctic Sauna Pavilion

由专筑网小R编译

芬兰Toni Yli-Suvanto建筑工作室设计了一座木材桑拿房，这里不仅可以用于桑拿，还可以用作社交活动中心。

北极桑拿房位于芬兰拉普兰的一个湖边，建筑形态特异，有着倾斜的墙体。

Finnish studio Toni Yli-Suvanto Architects has created a timber pavilion that functions both as a sauna and a hub for social activities.
The Arctic Sauna Pavilion, located by a lake in Lapland, Finland, has a distinctive geometric shape with walls that have been tilted outwards.



这是以当地传统方式建造的建筑，可以有效地放置木材受潮。

Toni Yli-Suvanto是其工作室的创始人，他说：“这个方法很简单，让宽敞的房间位于整个场地中，地面的霜冻让项目更具挑战。”

“建筑必须能够承受暴风雪，材料的使用也经过静心思考。”

This is a traditional way of making storage buildings in Lapland to stop the timber wall construction from getting wet.
"It is a simple way to make a spacious room on a small footprint in an environment where the ground frost makes foundations more challenging," said Toni Yli-Suvanto, founder of the eponymous studio.
"The buildings must perform well in harsh winter blizzards, and material usage has always been carefully considered," he told Dezeen.



场地的一侧是北极湖面景观，另一侧是院落和其他建筑，因此建筑师希望在景观和建筑之间寻找到平衡点。

Yli-Suvanto说：“我们把项目想象成一件雕塑作品，亦或是一块大石头，尊重周围的建筑，而不仅仅只是一个方盒子。”

“为了满足这一点要求，建筑的各个边都具有相似性，都应用了黑色的几何形态。”

As the plot is surrounded by the arctic lake landscape on one side and a courtyard and other buildings on the other, the studio decided to create a building that was influenced by both the natural and the built environment.
"We found it desirable to create more like a sculpture or a piece of large rock, an object that respects all sides around it, rather than another building with a front side, a back side and a roof," said Yli-Suvanto.
"In order to emphasis this, all sides were formed similarly by geometrically clean cuts with a similar, almost black colour tone, the roof included."



建筑的面积为30平方米，满足当地的传统，可以根据不同的季节来构成不同的室内起居空间。

在较为温暖的时期，这里是社交活动场所，同时也是桑拿房。

没有辅热功能的空间用作餐厅和厨房，有着面向湖景的滑动木门，以及带有百叶的大型滑动窗户。

Measuring 30 square metres, the pavilion also nods to the custom in Lapland of creating houses where the extent of indoor living space varies depending on the season.
It is a hub for social activities during the warmer months, complemented by the sauna room for year-round usage.
The unheated main space is used for cooking and dining, and features sliding wooden doors that open up towards the lake as well as large windows with sliding wooden shutters.



建筑的内部墙体、天花板和外部一样，都应用了裸露的木材，自然的木材色调与黑色的外墙形成了对比。

建筑师说：“这些木材来源于北极当地的松林，这种木材的结构更加紧密一些，因此相较于南部的类似材料，它更加耐用。”

Like the exterior, the building's interior walls and ceilings are bare log walls. The natural wood colour creates a contrast with the black outer walls of the pavilion.
"The logs are harvested from the local arctic boreal pine forest, which has denser cellular structure and is more durable than southern similar material," said the architect.



主要空间外部有着露台灰空间。

建筑的南侧参考了海岸线的有机形态，在这里人们还可以享受午夜阳光。

桑拿房还有着额外的云杉面板，覆盖着墙体和天花板，沐浴区和休息区都位于同一个空间里，这是呼应了北极的古老传统。

A covered terrace extension for socialising gives the main room added space and usage.
This southern side of the building references the organic shape of the shoreline, and offers views of the midnight sun in the summer months.
The sauna room has an additional layer of spruce paneling to cover the necessary vapour barrier in the walls and the ceiling. Both bathing and relaxation take place in the same space, in accordance with an ancient arctic tradition.



桑拿房的布局遵循了自然空气流动原则，在温度低一些的低楼层进行沐浴，而在高楼层进行汗蒸，同时还能看到湖景。

建筑部分的设计遵循了位于山脉北侧现有建筑的几何形态，建筑位于两座存储建筑的旁边，这两座现有建筑也有着倾斜墙体。

The layout of the sauna was designed to follow the principle of natural air flow – bathing takes place on the cooler lower level, while on the higher level, the rising hot steam creates the sauna experience, which is enhanced by views of the lake.
This part of the building was designed to follow the geometry of the existing built context on the northern hill side. The pavilion was constructed next to two storage buildings that also feature the traditional tilted walls.



该项目所使用的木材大约95%都来源于当地，最大程度地减少了碳足迹。

上部结构所使用的木材结构能够存储碳，并且平衡每日的温度和湿度。

施工垃圾可以重新用作取暖，而建筑的使用产生的生物垃圾则用作北极花园的肥料。

其他北欧桑拿房的项目包括位于斯德哥尔摩的全黑色桑拿房，以及一座位于芬兰的自给自足桑拿小木屋。

摄影：Toni Yli-Suvanto Architects

More than 95 per cent of the timber used for the building was sourced, processed and constructed locally, helping to minimise the carbon footprint.
The solid log construction used for the superstructure functions as carbon storage and moderates daily fluctuations in temperature and humidity.
Waste from the construction was reused for heating, while biological waste from the building's usage becomes fertiliser in the arctic gardens surrounding the pavilion.
Other Nordic sauna designs include an all-black sauna in the Stockholm archipelago and a self-sustaining cabin in Finland heated by the stove from its sauna.
Photography is by Toni Yli-Suvanto Architects.











项目信息：
建筑设计：Toni Yli-Suvanto Architects
总承包商：Rainer Yli-Suvanto

Project credits:
Architecture: Toni Yli-Suvanto Architects
Main contractor: Rainer Yli-Suvanto