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如何提高穿孔石膏板的声学舒适性能
How To Improve Acoustic Comfort with Perforated Cardboard Plasterboards
由专筑网李韧，曹逸希编译
解决室内空间声学舒适性的方式有很多，比如可以运用不同价格与外观的材料。穿孔石膏板便是一种经济且高效的方式，它可以有效地吸收噪音，通过不同的模式和形态降低噪音所形成的混响。
石膏板主要应用在学校、办公室、购物中心、餐厅、大厅，以及医院，这种材料的安装非常方便，还可以提升美学效果。
There are many ways to solve the acoustic comfort of the interior spaces we design, using materials and solutions of different prices and appearances. Perforated cardboard gypsum boards are an economical and efficient option to incorporate into projects, absorbing the sound and reducing the noise level generated by the reverberation through different patterns and shapes.
Applied mainly in schools, offices, shopping centers, restaurants, lobbies, and hospitals, gypsum boards are easy to install and can deliver high-quality aesthetic results in ceilings and coatings.
Tipos de perforaciones. Image Cortesía de Romeral
穿孔率越高，吸声效率越好
穿孔自身能够帮助声音的吸收，这就如同共振器。通过这种方式，当声音进入到石膏板的空腔之中时，就会损失一定的能量。但是这种方式的结果也取决于外部物理条件，例如天花板的厚度、空间的高度，以及穿孔板内部的材料。
The Higher The Perforation Percentage, The Greater The Sound Absorption
The perforations themselves contribute to the absorption of sound, working as a resonator. In this way, the sound loses energy when entering the formed chamber, for example, between the ceiling and the slab. It is important to consider that the result will depend on the height of the plates, in the case of ceilings; and on the thickness of the air chamber, in the case of the linings.
Placa Acústica ExSound® modelo L5X80 N8. Image Cortesía de Romeral
多种钻孔方式
石膏板的穿孔方式为工业穿孔，有着多种穿孔形态与设计方式。这些方式都能影响到声学舒适性，诸如中低频的高度声音吸收效果。
There Is A Wide Range Of Drilling Patterns
Gypsum boards are industrially perforated, delivering a wide range of perforation patterns and designs. These patterns will influence the level of acoustic comfort delivered, offering high absorptions especially for low and medium frequencies, a range in which the human voice is found.
Placa Acústica ExSound® Modelo C12N8. Image Cortesía de Romeral
Placa Acústica ExSound® modelo L5X80 N8. Image Cortesía de Romeral
Placa Acústica ExSound® modelo R15N1. Image Cortesía de Romeral
Placa Acústica ExSound® modelo R12N2. Image Cortesía de Romeral
穿孔板能够横向与纵向，甚至在曲面中摆放
穿孔石膏板可以安装在不同的地方，例如天花板、隔断、楼梯等等，根据空间的需求，石膏板还可以水平或是垂直地放置，当应用于混合功能之中时，甚至能够给予到更高的声学舒适性能。
The Perforated Plates Can Be Located Horizontally And Vertically, And Even On Curved Surfaces
Perforated cardboard gypsum boards can be installed on different supports, ceilings, partitions, stairs, and more. Depending on the acoustic needs of the space, the plates can be placed horizontally and/or vertically, delivering a greater acoustic comfort when applying a mixed solution.
Sistema de Montaje. Image Cortesía de Romeral
Sistema de Montaje. Image Cortesía de Romeral
穿孔板可以影响空间美学
通过设计的方式，石膏板可以用于外表面，那么就有着多种设计组合，例如可以和光滑的面板结合使用。
Perforated Sheets can be Part of the Overall Aesthetic Solution of a Space
By being designed and correctly chosen, the plasterboard can completely cover the surfaces of an enclosure, generating infinite combinations of design, for example, when interspersed with smooth plates.
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其安装方式类似于传统石膏板
穿孔石膏板易于安装，因为和传统石膏板的程序、工具、处理方式都一样。
Its Installation is Similar to That of Traditional Cardboard Plasterboards
Perforated cardboard gypsum boards are very easy to install since they require the same procedures, tools, joint treatments, and skills as traditional cardboard gypsum boards.
Esquema de alineación de las perforaciones. Image Cortesía de Romeral
常见的安装建议
- 在天花板之中，石膏板必须垂直于框架而固定，而这种框架常常为金属结构，并且一般使用1 "长的喇叭头螺钉固定起来。石膏板一般间隔60厘米固定在金属结构或是Omega材料中。
- 石膏板应该以十字交叉的方式连接起来，从而确保穿孔的连续性。
- 对于连接处，必须要注意不要用腻子覆盖穿孔，尽量将它们铲除干净。
- 在油漆时，可以选用不同类型的油漆，但是选用材料不应该降低其声音质量，因此建议选用浅色的油漆，这样能够减少对比。
- 正确地设计方案，充分利用材料特性，减少音质损耗。
General Installation Recommendations
- In the case of ceilings, the plates must be fixed perpendicular to the frame, generally, metal structures, using trumpet head screws 1 "long, and fixed perimetral and in the center. Plates are fixed to metal structures or Omega profiles, spaced 60 cm apart.
- The plates should be joined in the form of a cross, without overlapping, to ensure the continuity of the perforations.
- For the treatment of joints, special care must be taken not to cover the perforations with putty, and it is recommended to use a spatula.
- For painting, you can choose any type of paint and you should use a roller to not reduce the acoustic qualities of the product. Light colors are recommended so as not to contrast excessively with perforations.
- It is recommended to correctly design your disposal to take advantage of the material and make the least amount of cuts.
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