由专筑网沈，小R编译
这些项目或缩放，或变形，或重复拱的经典轮廓，均以不可思议的方式改造了空间。
自史前时代起，拱就是世界各地建筑的关键元素。它们的初次登场可以追溯至古美索不达米亚文明，之后则是罗马人将其发扬光大。拱有各种版本：三角、半圆、马蹄、抛物线、三叶和扁平型，简直不胜枚举。从教堂到水道，每种结构类型都可以利用拱来建造和加固。这种几何形状的可能性是无限的。
设计师们不断追寻创新性的方式将拱这种纯结构元素转化为兼具装饰性和风格化的元素。下面的项目展示了这些创意。
In 2021, Architects Are Rethinking the“Arch”in Architecture
These projects scale, morph and multiply the classic profile of an arch to transform spaces in ingenious ways.
Arches have been a key element in architecture across the world since prehistoric times. Their first use goes back to the ancient Mesopotamian civilizations and they were later popularized by the Romans. Arches have been used in triangular, semicircular, horseshoe, parabolic, trefoil and flat versions, to name a few. Every type of structure from a church to an aqueduct can be constructed and enhanced using arched elements. The versatility of this geometry is limitless.
Designers are constantly finding innovative ways to transform the arch from an element that is purely structural to something that is more decorative and stylistic as well. The following projects showcase a few such attempts.
Tagh Behesht by Rvad Studio，伊朗马什哈德
评审优胜奖，2021A+Awards，商业-未建商业
项目从伊朗传统集市中拱和拱顶的排列汲取灵感。设计的定位是理想化的城市枢纽，并提供看待城市空间的新视角。建筑内的分层花园通过开放楼梯相连，整体包裹在带拱形开窗的墙内，实现了自然光、风循环和视线的连通。
Tagh Behesht by Rvad Studio, Mashhad, Iran
Jury Winner, 2021 A+Awards, Commercial – Unbuilt Commercial
The project takes inspiration from the rows of arches and vaults found in traditional bazaars in Iran. The structure’s location positions it as an ideal urban hub and provides a new way of looking at urban spaces. The building houses a layered garden, connected by open staircases, that is enveloped by walls with arched fenestrations to allow natural light, wind circulation and visual connectivity.
Ulsteinvik by Kaleidoscope，挪威于尔斯泰因维克
评审优胜奖，2021A+Awards，概念-建筑+模型&渲染
结构的立面是一个正反拱组成的三维格子。这个住宅综合体的居民可以收集雨水，浇灌阳台上的植物。
Powered by Ulsteinvik by Kaleidoscope, Ulsteinvik, Norway
Jury Winner, 2021 A+Awards, Concepts – Architecture + Models & Rendering
The structure’s façade is a three-dimensional lattice of upright and inverted arches. This housing complex, which is one part of the proposal, is designed to collect rainwater that is used by residents to water the plants in the balconies.
Milla Montis 旅社 / Peter Pichler Architecture，意大利马拉扎
农场里农夫使用的干草叉是立面的最初灵感来源。倒转的拱竖向上有两层楼那么高，形成阳台的外骨架。建筑首层也使用了相同的有角度拱的设计手法。
Hotel Milla Montis by Peter Pichler Architecture, Maranza, Italy
Pitchforks used by farmers in the village were the primary inspiration for the façade. Inverted arches span over two levels to create an exoskeleton for the balconies. The ground floor follows the same language with angled arches.
Brush House / Leeton Pointon Architects + Interiors，澳大利亚墨尔本
此项目中拱的使用形成了完整而流畅的立面形式。实体上挖出的最大拱形令光线轻易穿透，贯穿建筑的曲线开口和凹槽达成设计的整体性。
Brush House by Leeton Pointon Architects + Interiors, Melbourne, Australia
The use of arches in this project complements the fluid profile of the overall structure. The largest arch helps hollow out the structural mass and allows light to penetrate. Curved openings and recesses throughout the house help tie the entire design together.
Kortrijk低技办公楼 / C+S Architects，比利时Kortrijk
这个项目的想法是在不使用任何附件，比如太阳能板或高技玻璃幕墙的情况下，实现可持续设计。考虑到砖厂在19世纪末是城市经济的重要部分，建筑使用砖来建造。拱在厚实的保温墙内的使用创造出与内部空腔的强烈联系。
Low-tech offices in Kortrijk by C+S Architects, Kortrijk, Belgium
This proposal aims to achieve a sustainable design without using additions like solar panels or high-tech glass façades. The team used brick for the construction as the brick industry was an integral part of the city’s economy at the end of the 19th century. Arched fenestrations are added to thick insulating walls that create a strong connection to the large void within.
拱屋 / 24d-studio，日本Kobe
在翻新这座35年房龄的屋子时，设计者使用拱形开口作为从一个房间到另一个的过渡，这样光可以在空间内自由流动。这些拱门的底面都覆有涂层，给予每个空间特别的感受，并令每个房间成为其他房间的延续。
House of Many Arches by 24d-studio, Kobe, Japan
While renovating this 35-year-old home, the design studio used arch-like openings as transitions from one room to another, also allowing light to flow freely throughout the space. The painted undersides of these entryways give a unique character to each space and help each room become an extension of the other.
Venecia 20 / Inca Hernandez，墨西哥Juárez
这座墨西哥房子的改造想法结合了波尔菲里亚托以及墨西哥现代主义和当代风格，为艺术家、作者和旅行客打造的心灵港湾。设计中几种垂曲线拱是向伟大的加泰罗尼亚建筑师高迪的致敬。居住单元设计成灵活的空间，凸显截断和连续的绝妙平衡。
Venecia 20 by Inca Hernandez, Juárez, Mexico
The proposed renovation of this house in Mexico combines Porfiriato, Mexican modernism and contemporary styles to create a sanctuary for artists, writers and tourists. Several catenary arches within the design are a nod to renowned Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí. The housing units within are designed as flexible spaces that strike the perfect balance between seclusion and connectivity.
日本SDC牙科诊所 / Takeru Shoji Architects.Co.,Ltd.，日本Niigata
这座牙医诊所的外立面切出低耸的拱形，在外皮和内玻璃墙间形成了缓冲区域。恶劣天气时，室内空间可以免于其害，同时还保留了一定的隐私，旅行客们也能自如看向室外。
SDC by Takeru Shoji Architects.Co.,Ltd., Niigata, Japan
This dental clinic has an external envelope with low arched cutouts that create a buffer between the exterior and the internal glass walls. This helps protect the interior spaces from the harsh weather and also creates a sense of privacy while allowing the visitors to freely look outside.
都江堰钟书阁 / X+LIVING, 中国都江堰
评审优胜奖，2021 A+Awards，商业-零售
这里完全就是爱书人的梦想天地，这座图书馆以拱形书架和相互交织的隔板为特色，为读者、店员带来超现实的体验。大小不一的拱不仅作为开口，同时还作为空间分隔，令书店看起来像一个无尽的迷宫。
Dujiangyan Zhongshuge by X+LIVING, Dujiangyan, China
Jury Winner, 2021 A+Awards, Commercial – Retail
Straight out of a booklover’s dream, this library features curved shelves and intertwining partitions to create a surreal experience for readers and shoppers alike. Arches of different sizes are used not only as openings but also as spatial dividers, making the entire bookshop feel like an endless maze.
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