Tiny houses would be built atop an ex-military bunker in Froscen Architects proposal

由专筑网韩平，杨帆编译

Froscen建筑事务所在荷兰莱顿城一座二战后的地堡上构想了四座微型住宅。该设计是由Froscen建筑事务所的合作伙伴Simon George提出的，这个概念性项目包含了四座独立的微型住宅，都位于高出街道平面的厚实的混凝土墙之上。

Four micro homes are mounted on the roof of a second-world-war bunker in this proposal by Froscen Architects for the Dutch city Leiden .
Designed by Froscen Architects' partner Simon George, the conceptual project comprises four separate tiny houses, elevated above street level on the chunky concrete walls of a concrete telephone bunker.

提出的每一个住宅方案虽然占地仅有38㎡，但都包含了一间双人卧室、起居室、厨房和浴室。

整个住宅群位于城市中心，可以说是最完美的地理位置，因而它们的外观也有一点“城市摇滚”的意味。

“我们设计的意图有两方面。首先，我们希望通过建造一个让大家都能看到的建筑模型，来促进微型住宅概念在荷兰的发展。”

“其次，我们希望通过为地堡增添一些更现代的建筑，使其能够为城市历史的篇章增加浓墨重彩的一笔。因而，地堡背后的故事也能成为莱顿市民集体意识的一部分。”

Each of the proposed houses has a floor plan of just 38 square metres, but contains a double bedroom, lounge, kitchen and bathroom.
"The whole has the appearance of a kind of 'urban rock' right in the middle of the city, a perfect location to build on," said George.
"Our aim with the design is two-fold. On the one hand we want to promote the concept of tiny houses in the Netherlands by building an example for all people to see," he added.
"On the other hand we want to give the bunker a more prominent role in the history of the city by crowning it with a more modern architecture.
This way the story behind the bunker can become part of the collective consciousness of the citizens of Leiden."

地堡的建造可以追溯到第二次世界大战时期，这是由希特勒下令在20世纪40年代中期建造的大型沿海防御设施，名为“大西洋墙”。

已故的法国圣伯纳黛野兽派混凝土教堂建筑师Claude Parent在该海防线上设计了许多防御堡垒。

建筑的真实结构隐藏在砖石表面和常春藤之后，建筑师George打算将掩饰性的表层剥离开来，并使地堡成为城市的焦点。

住宅采用了单坡屋顶的形式，所有屋顶都向住宅群的中心倾斜。另外，在对外的阳台上也能够俯瞰道路上的景观。

The bunker dates back to the second world war, when it formed part a massive coastal defence structure named the Atlantic Wall, which was built under Hitler's orders in the mid 1940s.
The late French architect Claude Parent based the Brutalist concrete Church of St Bernadette on the design of some of the bunkers forming this defence line.
The structure is hidden behind a false facade of brick and overgrown ivy, but George plans to peel away these layers of disguise to make the bunker a focal point of the city.
The houses feature mono-pitched roofs that angle down towards the centrepoint of the complex and balconies overlooking the street.

起居室和兼作为餐厅的厨房都位于每个住宅的底层。上层空间也尽可能地设计得宽敞以容纳休息区、双人间、浴室及内置衣橱。

住宅几乎完全使用木材建造——这样不仅与地堡厚实的混凝土墙形成对比，也使得整个结构更加轻盈。

建筑外表面都覆盖了浅色的竖向木材条。

30cm的厚墙可以保证高效的隔热和较低的热损失。在夏季，住宅还可以通过地表下部流动的冷空气达到自然降温的效果。

住宅其他的可持续设计包括雨水收集、太阳能板、LED照明和干厕。

A living space and kitchen with room for a dining table are set on the ground level of each residence. The upper floors are designed to be large enough to house a sitting area, a double bed as well as a bathroom and built-in wardrobe.
The houses are designed to be built almost entirely from wood – as a contrast to the chunky concrete walls of the bunker, but also to make the construction light.
The facades are shown covered in batons of light-coloured timber.
Thick walls measuring 30 centimetres are designed to provide a high level of insulation and lower heating costs. But during the summer the houses would be naturally cooled by the flow of cold air through the bunker below.
Other sustainable features include rainwater collection, solar panels, LED lighting and dry toilets.

“一切设计都优化得尽可能紧凑，以便利用每一寸空间，” George说。

“微型住宅FOON自身几乎达到完全的可持续，只是在材料使用和能源需求上可以看到一些生态的足迹。”

Froscen建筑事务所希望能够建造这个项目，目前也正在与市政议事会商谈中。

"Everything [is] optimally designed as compact as possible, using every square metre," said George.
"The tiny houses FOON are extremely sustainable in nature. They have a small ecological footprint, both in the amount of material used and in the energy needs."
Froscen Architects is hoping to build the project and is currently in discussion with the city council.

底层平面图/Ground floor plan

一层平面图/First floor plan

横截面图/Cross section

纵截面图/Long section

出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。