BIG运用纳粹地堡创建通道，设计了地下博物馆
BIG creates subterranean museum by carving channels into dune by Nazi bunker

由专筑网李韧，杨帆编译

丹麦的BIG建筑设计事务所在二战期间德国军队建立的沙丘通道旁通过线性切割的手法，建立了一个“看不见的博物馆”，建筑位于丹麦Blåvand。

Danish firm BIG has built an "invisible museum" in Blåvand, Denmark, by cutting linear passageways out of the sand dune beside a bunker built by German forces during the second world war.



BIG的设计为Tirpitz Bunker创造了新的展览空间，在这里，已经设置有一座小型博物馆。

四个细长的薄片通过沙坑旁边的沙丘形成通道，相交于中心，创造了一个充满阳光的庭院，是该博物馆的核心部分。

六米高的窗户形成了四个独立空间的立面，让自然光线渗透到地下展示空间。

BIG's design creates new exhibition spaces for the Tirpitz Bunker, which already housed a small museum.
The four slender slices channel through the dune beside the bunker, forming passageways. They intersect in the centre, creating a light-filled courtyard that creates a new heart for the Tirpitz Museum.
Six-metre-tall windows form the elevations of the four separate blocks, created by the cuts to allow natural light to penetrate the underground exhibition spaces.


Photograph is by Mike Bink

“这座建筑是二战的掩体。体量过于厚重封闭的形式与该博物馆开放的理念不符。”BIG创始人Bjarke Ingels说。

“博物馆像沙漠中开放的绿洲一样融入了沙丘，与纳粹堡垒的混凝土巨石形成了鲜明的对比。”

"The architecture of the Tirpitz is the antithesis to the world war two bunker. The heavy hermetic object is countered by the inviting lightness and openness of the new museum," said BIG founder Bjarke Ingels.
"The galleries are integrated into the dunes like an open oasis in the sand – a sharp contrast to the Nazi fortress' concrete monolith.


Photograph is by Mike Bink

他说：“周围的道路从四面八方进入沙丘下部，最后相交于中央的空地上，把阳光和空气带进中心体量。”

“地堡仍然是这段历史文化的唯一标志，这里也会是新文化会议场所的入口。”

"The surrounding heath-lined pathways cut into the dunes from all sides descending to meet in a central clearing, bringing daylight and air into the heart of the complex," he continued.
"The bunker remains the only landmark of a not-so-distant dark heritage that, upon close inspection, marks the entrance to a new cultural meeting place."




Photograph is by Rasmus Hjortshøj

四个不同主题的展览空间由荷兰Tinker Imagineers工作室设计，反应了这里的战争历史以及神奇的自然环境。

混凝土展厅展出了希特勒的大西洋壁垒计划，即当年希特勒下令沿着大西洋海岸线修建的从挪威到西班牙的一道防线，这条长城由一系列防御工事组成，目的是阻止盟军从西欧海岸线登陆。

Tirpitz Bunker工程始于1944年，也作为大西洋壁垒计划的一部分，只是在竣工前，第二次世界大战就结束了。混凝土砌筑的炮塔后来被改建为博物馆。

The four themed exhibition spaces were designed by Dutch studio Tinker Imagineers to reflect the war history of the site, as well as the dramatic natural setting.
The Army of Concrete gallery shares the history of Hitler's plans for a vast network of defensive coastal structures known as the Atlantic Wall.
Work on the Tirpitz Bunker began in 1944 as part of those plans, but the second world war ended before construction could complete. The turreted concrete block was later converted into a museum.


Photograph is by Colin Seymour



第二展览空间名为“西海岸的黄金”，主要描述该地区的琥珀发现过程，而“西海岸的故事”展厅则用4D展示屏向人们诉说西海岸的历史。

最后的展览是Tirpitz地堡。

The second exhibition space, named the Gold of the West Coast, is dedicated to the area's amber finds, while the West Coast Stories gallery hosts a 4D screen telling the history of Denmark's western coast.
The final exhibit is the Tirpitz Bunker itself.


Photograph is by Colin Seymour

“我们必须找到一个属于自己的创意理念，它能够在各个层面上将各种元素相联系。这是区域的场所精神为我们带来的灵感：坚固的乡村和惊人的建筑。”Tinker Imagineers创始人Erik Bär解释展览空间的发展理念。

“正是自然与文化的融合激发了我们的灵感。我们想创造的东西只属于这里，在丹麦的西海岸，建筑也是如此。”

"We had to find a 'big idea', something that worked on all levels and tied everything together. It was the sense of place that gave us the clue: the sturdy countryside and the amazing building," said Tinker Imagineers founder Erik Bär, discussing the concept for the exhibition spaces.
"It was the integration of nature and culture that inspired us the most. We wanted to create something what could only happen here, at the west coast of Denmark, just like the building does."


Photograph is by Mike Bink



展览的墙体由混凝土现浇而成，它支承着36米的悬臂屋顶。

场地上覆盖着沙子和草地用于营造景观，游客可以登上附近的碉堡来欣赏美景。

The walls of the galleries are formed from cast-in-situ concrete, which support 36-metre cantilevering roof decks engineered by Swiss firm Lüchinger+Meyer.
These are covered with sand and grass to create a landscape that visitors can clamber up for a better view of the neighbouring bunker.


Photograph is by Mike Bink







“这里将计划建造成为一个丹麦西海岸的历史宝藏。这一直是我们的目标，我们要建立一个世界级的新景点。”Varde博物馆主任Claus Kjeld Jensen说。

“这里是一个令人难以置信的、独一无二的体验场所，这里充斥着暴力、惊喜、奇幻的历史场景。”

"The new Tirpitz is planned, built and furnished as a portal to the Danish west coast's treasure trove of hidden stories. It has been our goal to create a humble, world-class attraction surprising its visitors with new perspectives on the majestic landscape," said Varde Museum director Claus Kjeld Jensen.
"Tirpitz is an incredible, one-of-a-kind experience – violent, astonishing, dramatic, hidden – almost invisible."


Photograph is by Mike Bink

这座2800平方米的博物馆于2014年开始施工，于上周开业。预计该地区每年将吸引约100000名游客。

Work on the 2,800-square-metre museum began in 2014 and opened last week. It is expected to attract around 100,000 visitors to the area each year.


Photograph is by Laurian Ghinitou

BIG创始人Bjarke Ingels于Dezeen热搜榜排名第二，在建筑和设计行业他是一名领军人物。

Tirpitz博物馆是该公司最新的文化项目。BIG事务所曾经设计的丹麦国家海事博物馆，同样也是位于地下的展览类建筑。

BIG's founder Bjarke Ingels came second on the inaugural Dezeen Hot List – a guide to the most notable figures in the architecture and design industries.
Tirpitz Museum is the latest cultural project by the firm. It previously designed the Danish National Maritime Museum, which also features submerged galleries.















项目信息：
主要合作者：Bjarke Ingels, Finn Nørkjær
项目负责人：概念部分：Brian Yang；细部设计：Frederik Lyng
项目经理：Ole Elkjær-Larsen
团队：Jakob Lange, David Zahle, Andreas K Pedersen, Tore Banke, Snorre Emanuel Nash Jørgensen, Michael Andersen, Hugo Soo, Marcella Martinez, Geoffrey Eberle, Adam Busko, Hanna Johansson, Jakob Andreassen, Charlotte Coco, Mikkel Marcker Stubgaard, Michael Schønemann Jensen, Alejandro Mata Gonzales, Kyle Thomas David Tousant, Jesper Boye Andersen, Alberte Danvig, Jan Magasanik, Enea Michelesio, Alina Tamosiunaite, Ryohei Koike, Brigitta Gulyás, Katarzyna Krystyna Siedlecka, Andrea Scalco, Tobias Hjortdal, Maria Teresa Fernandez Rojo
合作者：AKT, Lüchinger + Meyer, Tinker imagineers, Kloosterboer Decor, BIG Ideas, Fuldendt, COWI, Svend Ole Hansen, Gade & Mortensen Akustik, Bach Landskab, Ingeniørgruppen Syd, Kjæhr & Trillingsgaard, Pelcon
赞助商：AP Møller and Chastine Mc-Kinney Møller Foundation, Nordea Foundation, Augustinus Foundation and Varde Municipality

Project credits:
Partners in charge: Bjarke Ingels, Finn Nørkjær
Project leader – concept: Brian Yang
Project leader – details design: Frederik Lyng
Project manager: Ole Elkjær-Larsen
Team: Jakob Lange, David Zahle, Andreas K Pedersen, Tore Banke, Snorre Emanuel Nash Jørgensen, Michael Andersen, Hugo Soo, Marcella Martinez, Geoffrey Eberle, Adam Busko, Hanna Johansson, Jakob Andreassen, Charlotte Coco, Mikkel Marcker Stubgaard, Michael Schønemann Jensen, Alejandro Mata Gonzales, Kyle Thomas David Tousant, Jesper Boye Andersen, Alberte Danvig, Jan Magasanik, Enea Michelesio, Alina Tamosiunaite, Ryohei Koike, Brigitta Gulyás, Katarzyna Krystyna Siedlecka, Andrea Scalco, Tobias Hjortdal, Maria Teresa Fernandez Rojo
Collaborators: AKT, Lüchinger + Meyer, Tinker imagineers, Kloosterboer Decor, BIG Ideas, Fuldendt, COWI, Svend Ole Hansen, Gade & Mortensen Akustik, Bach Landskab, Ingeniørgruppen Syd, Kjæhr & Trillingsgaard, Pelcon
Sponsors: AP Møller and Chastine Mc-Kinney Møller Foundation, Nordea Foundation, Augustinus Foundation and Varde Municipality


出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。