宜家创始人英瓦尔•坎普拉德（Ingvar Kamprad）的五大关键家具设计
Five key furniture designs launched by IKEA founder Ingvar Kamprad

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

宜家家居创始人Ingvar Kamprad于当地时间2018年1月27日离世，享年91岁，他是“20世纪最伟大的企业家之一”。让我们一起来回顾一下其代表作品。

18岁的Kamprad 在1943年创立IKEA家居品牌。他领导公司70年，成为世界上最大、最具影响力的家具零售商，将当代设计带给大众。

宜家的成功主要源于他们低成本销售和广告宣传。这家瑞典公司因其模块化、低成本的家具而闻名，这些家具常常是平板包装，所以顾客可以从仓库式的商店里将这些组件买回，然后自己组装物品。

以下是他的五件最有代表性的家具：

With the news that IKEA founder Ingvar Kamprad has died, here's a look at some of the most important pieces of furniture he commissioned, from the modular Billy bookcase to the affordable Klippan sofa.
Kamprad was just 18 years old when he started IKEA, in 1943. He led the company for 70 years, making it the world's largest and most influential furniture retailer, responsible for bringing contemporary design to the masses.
IKEA's success can be attributed to his drive to reduce cost and outsource effort. The Swedish company became known for its modular, low-cost furniture, which was often sold flat-packed so customers could collect boxes from warehouse-style stores and assemble items themselves.
Kamprad passed away on 27 January 2018, aged 91. IKEA has paid tribute to him as "one of the greatest entrepreneurs of the 20th century".
Here's a look at five of the most pivotal pieces of furniture he launched:

Lövet桌子，1956年

桌面呈叶形，由三只桌腿支撑，顾客可自行组装。

据说，这件作品的设计灵感来源于瑞典设计师Gillis Lundgren，这位设计师想将桌子转移到一个拍摄场景中，但却无法将其放入他的车内，所以他将桌子腿部锯开，以便稍后重新贴上。Kamprad从中获取灵感，并聘请了新设计师来开发类似的概念，这预示着平装家居时代的来临。

这款桌子于2013年重新引入宜家收藏，重新设计并更名为Lövebacken。桌面采用白杨木皮制成，可拆卸的山毛榉木桌腿上点缀着金色物件。

Lövet table, 1956
This three-legged, leaf-shaped side table started a revolution in self-assembly furniture.
According to legend, Swedish designer Gillis Lundgren was transporting the table to a photoshoot but was unable to fit it into his car – so he sawed off the legs, to simply reattach later. Kamprad was impressed and hired new designers to develop similar concepts – heralding the dawn of the flat-pack age.
The table was reintroduced to IKEA's collection in 2013, redesigned and renamed Lövebacken. Its tabletop is made from poplar veneer, while its  detachable beech legs feature gold-coloured accents on the feet.

Ivar储物架组合，1968年

作为模块化储物架组合，Ivar是一种松木搁架单元，有多种形状和尺寸可供选择，甚至可以私人定制，其中有各种各样的碗柜、架子和抽屉，并且可以通过抹漆呈现不同色彩。

今年是该产品诞生五十周年。

Ivar storage system, 1968
The ultimate modular storage system, Ivar is a pine shelving unit that is available in a variety of shapes and sizes. It can be easily customised, by attaching various cupboards, shelves and drawers, and can be finished in paint or oil.
The product celebrates its 50th anniversary this year.

Poem扶手椅，1976年

在20世纪70年代，日本设计师Noboru Nakamura来到瑞典对Scandinavian家具进行深入了解。他将自己的所学融入设计作品之中，设计了一个带有悬臂座椅和弯曲靠背的柔性座椅。

椅子最初由管状钢架支撑。但后来换成胶合板，椅子改名为Poeng。今天，它的版本越发多样，甚至可以变作摇椅。

Poem armchair, 1976
In the 1970s, Japanese designer Noboru Nakamura came to Sweden to learn more about Scandinavian furniture. Fusing together what he learned with his own design education, he developed a flexible chair with a cantilevered seat, and curved backrest.
The chair originally came with a tubular steel frame. But was this later switched to plywood, and the chair was renamed Poäng. Today, it comes in a variety of upholstery options, and is also available in a rocking chair version.

Billy书柜，1978年

Billy书柜是宜家历史上最简约的产品之一，它的多功能作用是其成功的关键。

这是Gillis Lundgren的另一个代表作品，在40多年前，设计师在一张餐巾纸上首次勾画出这个概念。直至今天，全球已经销售了6000多万件，平均每分钟生产15件。

书柜的利用率很高，并且隔板和玻璃门都可以按照需求改变或添加。

Billy bookcase, 1978
The Billy bookcase is one of the simplest products in IKEA history, and its versatility is key to its success.
Another design by Gillis Lundgren, the concept was first sketched on a napkin over 40 years ago. Today, more than 60 million of them have been sold worldwide – and IKEA makes 15 more of them every minute.
The design is available in different heights, widths and styles, with adjustable shelves and the option to add glass doors.

Klippan沙发，1980年

这个经济实惠的现代沙发呈基本的直线形状，有着较低的靠背。其简单的外形使其易于组装，因此可以轻松定制。

另外，宜家最近推出了一款针对宠物的缩小版沙发，非常受欢迎。

Klippan sofa, 1980
This affordable contemporary sofa features a basic, rectilinear shape, with a low-slung back rest. Its simple profile makes its easy to reupholster or slipcover, so it can be easily customised.
It has proved so popular that IKEA recently launched a scaled-down version aimed at pets.


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