恩平区韩屋村落的韩国小屋
Su-o-jae in Eunpyeong / studio_GAON

由专筑网李韧，王帅编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：韩国首尔恩平区韩屋村落位于一座大型公寓楼和北汉山（Bukhan Mountain）之间，在这里，建筑师设计了一座韩国传统住宅。

“韩屋”其实是一种概念非常模糊的说法，在现代主义之后，以西式风格建造的住宅被叫做“Yangok”，也就是“西式住宅”的意思，那么，在韩国的方形住宅则被叫做“韩屋”，顾名思义，意思为“韩国住宅”。但是这样的表述非常笼统，并不能表达人们对于老建筑的情感。

Text description provided by the architects. The Eunpyeong Hanok Village in Seoul is a district situated between a large apartment complex and Bukhan Mountain. We designed a hanok (traditional house) in the block.

The word ‘Hanok’ is very ambiguous term. After the modernization, the houses that were built in Western style were called 'Yangok' (literally meaning Western House) and Koreans began to call the regular houses as Hanok (meaning Korean house) as an opposite concept. However, the phrase is a platitude expression that can not contain the full emotion towards our old house.

近期，建筑师已经建造了许多包含有“韩屋”概念的住宅，但是整座建筑却仍然运用着现代框架体系。在韩国，正宗的韩屋只能在一些传统乡村见到，其中就有首尔的北汉山（Bukchon）韩屋群落。而近年来在政府的支持下，韩屋的数量逐渐增加。

Recently, we have built several houses that contain the spatial concept of Hanok but they were built in modern frame system. In modern Korea, Hanok only remains intact in some traditional villages and in designated areas, including Bukchon in Seoul. As the government enforced its policy to support construction of Hanok, the number has been gradually increasing.

3年前在恩平区韩屋村落买下地块的业主找到该项目的建筑师，通过协商最终决定以传统的建造方式来设计建造现代韩屋，而在这个过程中，传统木匠则至关重要。幸运的是，一位有经验的木匠师傅Hwang In-Beom愿意进行合作。

The owner who bought a lot in Eunpyeong Hanok village three years ago came to us. Eventually we designed a Hanok built in traditional construction process. The role of the carpenter who knows the traditional method is crucial in the construction process of Hanok. Fortunately, an experienced carpenter Hwang In-Beom helped us to fulfill our design intent.

这座住宅名叫“Su-o-jae”，意为“建筑的完整性”。而“Su-o-jae”的名字则来源于著名学者郑义勇（著名的儒生学者）兄弟的住宅。在一开始，对于住宅的名字Jeong并没有过多的考虑，但在多年后，他意识到保留建筑与文物的完整性是一件多么困难且有价值的事，于是他在自己的文章中写下了“Su-o-jae-gi”（原文为“Su-o-jae”）。

The name of the house is Su-o-jae, which means “to protect one’s integrity.” Su-o-jae is the name of the house that Jeong Yak-yong’s (a famous Joseon scholar) brother lived in. Initially Jeong thought lightly about the meaning, but after many years, he wrote <Su-o-jae-gi> (Essay on Su-o-jae) when he realized how difficult and valuable it is to protect one’s integrity.

事实上，韩屋的设计也是如此。对于一个十分熟悉现代建筑的建筑师来说，以传统的方式设计韩屋是一件非常困难的事，甚至像在唱独角戏一般让人无法理解。建筑基地呈狭长型，普遍来说，韩屋由几间不同功能的房间组成，其中包括主楼和附楼。几座小楼和室外空间围合成院落，而这些院落也具有各自不同的功能与用途。

In fact, we felt the same designing this Hanok. For an architect familiar with learning and designing modern architecture, it was burdensome to design the hanok built in traditional way. It felt like singing alone in an empty room with a ringing sound.
The site is shallow and horizontally elongated. Normally, Hanok consists of several houses with different residents and different uses, including the main building and a detached house in a larger area. The yards covered by each house and the outer spaces in between provide wealth of spatial difference in Hanok.

通过对比，韩屋村落昂贵的土地价格让这座住宅的面积很小，因此只能留下很窄的小道供使用者通行，这对于传统韩屋来说并不适宜。另外，传统的韩屋只有单层，而这座建筑却有两层空间，这也与传统形式相背离。

By comparison, the expensive land price of Hanok Village forces the lot to be smaller, and the site touches the path only slightly, which is not suitable for traditional Hanok either. In addition, unlike traditional one storey Hanok, it is usually built two storey high, so the houses stand next to each other.

这座建筑分为两个独立的部分，里面住着一对夫妇和他们的两个儿子，当孩子们长大之后，其中一座独立的部分可以给孩子们居住，或者也可以把这部分租出去。而附属建筑同样也与入口相连，兼做庭院入口的功能。通过狭窄的入口进入建筑后，便让人豁然开朗。

The house is divided into two independent mass. Residence for married couple and two sons, it is thought that when children grow up they can live in a detached house or it can be rented. The annex building is also connected to the gate and works as a medium to hide and reveal the madang (courtyard) on entry. Entering through the narrow opening, one could sense a larger spatiality of openness and visual effects of madang.

当人们进入传统韩屋，首先会穿过庭院，现在只能运用前厅来替代，但是人们也可以在这里换上室内的拖鞋。地下空间主要用于运动和学习。厨房、起居室、卧室设置于一层，子女用房则位于三层。院落为地下室带来自然采光与通风。

When one enters the traditional Hanok, it is through the madang. But now one goes through vestibule. It was inevitable to spare space for taking off shoes. The basement is for exercise rooms and study. The kitchen, living room and the bedroom are on the first floor and son's rooms are on the third floor. And the courtyard that penetrates the floors above form the basement works as a well to draw the light and wind.

住宅的屋顶为传统的坡屋顶，看上去简约实在，但这比设计时更加华丽一些。而楼梯的栏杆也更加扁平，但比起现代建筑，这座住宅的装饰则更为丰富。建筑师同时将北汉山的景观引入建筑，让使用者视野开阔，心旷神怡。

The house has a traditional gabled roof to look simple and honest, but it looks more showy than intended. The banister rails were also designed as a flat shape, rather than a curve, but they are still more decorative than modern houses. We have no choice but ask time to let in the energy of Bukhan mountain, which is spread out to the north of the house.
        

建筑设计：studio_GAON
地点：韩国
项目团队：Sungpil Lee, Seongwon Son, Joowon Moon, Laeyeon Kim, Minwoo Lee, Ryeojin Jeon
Studio_GAON主创建筑师：Hyoungnam Lim, Eunjoo Roh
建筑基底面积：98.0 m2
项目时间：2017年
摄影：Youngchae Park 

项目施工：Seoul Hanok (Inbeom hwang)
设计时间：2015年11月 – 2016年10月
建设时间：2017年1月- 2017年2月
场地面积：230.4 m2
总建筑面积：153.36 m2
建筑层数：2 层
建筑高度：7.97m
建筑密度：42.422%
容积率：0.67

Architects: studio_GAON
Location: Jingwan-dong, South Korea
Project Team: Sungpil Lee, Seongwon Son, Joowon Moon, Laeyeon Kim, Minwoo Lee, Ryeojin Jeon
Studio_GAON: Hyoungnam Lim, Eunjoo Roh
Area: 98.0 m2
Project Year: 2017
Photographs: Youngchae Park 

Construction: Seoul Hanok (Inbeom hwang)
Design Period: 2015.11 - 2016.10
Construction Period: 2017.02 - 2017.1
Site Area: 230.4 m2
Gross Floor Area: 153.36 m2
Building Scope: 2 Floors
Height: 7.97m
Building-to-Land Ratio: 42.422%
Floor Area Ratio: 66.56%