Vault on Vault Villa / KRDS
由专筑网小R编译
拱顶别墅项目位于伊朗Royan市的一座别墅小镇，俯瞰着里海，该项目有着两个目标，在建筑方面，建筑师希望应用拱顶策略，这是伊朗古典建筑师的常用手法，另外便是和区域的环境保持和谐。
Text description provided by the architects. The Vaulted Villa project is located at the end of a villa township in Royan city, which overlooks the Caspian Sea. Two goals have been pursued in the design of this project: one is an architectural aspect; an attempt to use the facilities of vaults, which the ancient architects of Iran have dealt with in abundance. The other is about harmony with the environment of this region.
针对第一个目标，当时的材料和施工系统设施也许是在这种结构的设计和建造之中来完成，而在今天，钢筋混凝土结构体系愈发成熟，全新的实验策略成为了可能，也给建筑之中的拱顶元素带来了创新的机会。
Regarding the first purpose, it seems that what was possible with the facilities of the materials and construction systems of the day was done in the design and construction of this kind of structure. Today, with the advent of advanced steel and concrete structures, new possibilities have been opened for new further experimentation, adding new and creative compositions to the collection of architectural works in the vaults and domes carried out in this complex.
伊朗传统建筑分成拱顶和圆顶两种，双壳圆顶是这种结构的巅峰，在此项目中，建筑师参考了这种结构组合，提出了一种全新的拱顶组合模式，那便是在垂直方向上旋转拱顶，然后再将其堆叠放置，每个拱顶的荷载由下方拱支撑，由此应用原始的类型，实现了全新的组合。
Iranian architecture is formed in two forms vaults and domes, and double-shell domes can be considered the culmination of such structures. In this project, in following the work done on the structural compositions of this kind of dome, this time, we come up with new combinations of vaults, by cutting and rotating the vaults in perpendicular directions and placing them on top of each other so that a load of each is supported by the lower arch, we achieve new combinations of arches that are original in their kind.
在这个新模型中，顶部拱顶荷载传递给下方的拱顶，然后再传递到墙体上，这种类型的荷载分布只能在钢梁体系中得以应用，除此之外，这在视觉上也能更好地理解，因此它让建筑美学也得以延伸。
In this new model, the top vault load is transferred as a point on the pole of the lower vault and is reassigned to the walls. This type of load distribution is not in the composition of the old vault and is only possible with the use of steel beams. In addition, it is visually comprehensible and understandable, so it extends architecture beyond mere aesthetic aspects.
项目的第二个目标，为了和北方气候相协调，建筑朝向南北侧，从而获得自然采光和通风，空气流通向海边，通过百叶窗形成自然通风，冷空气让室内得以冷却，建筑的东西两侧尽量封闭，拱顶上方的太阳运动产生了阴影，也形成一定温差，促进建筑周围的空气流通，线性屋顶系统应用于建筑上方，同时还结合了混凝土墙体，这些材料都能够很好地应对地区的降雨环境。
For the second purpose, to coordinate with the northern climate, the building is oriented to the north and south to benefit from a light and proper ventilation. The direction of air movement is from the seaside, and the opposite openings create blinds and cool the air inside. The east and west sides are closed as much as possible, and the light shadow of the movement of the sun on the vaults creates a temperature difference on the sides and, as a result, air movement around the building. The mansard roof system is used to cover the upper parts of the building, while the base walls are cement. These are the same materials that have been used abundantly in this region to deal with harsh rainy conditions.
建筑设计：KRDS
类型：住宅
面积：440 m2
时间：2023年
摄影：Mohammad Hassan Ettefagh
制造商：AutoDesk, Reynaers Aluminium, Kale, Knauf, Rhino
主创建筑师：Kourosh Rafiey
HVAC：Sarmasaz Consulting Group
灯光设计：Noorsaform
设计团队：Mohsen Yazdian, Mahsa Elahi, Ehsan Dehghani, Shafagh Javidi, Mohammad Safi, Zahra Azami, Sana Rastegar, Pantea Rafiey
承包商：Morteza Eskandari
结构：Navid Amiri
城市：Nur
国家：伊朗
HOUSES
NUR, IRAN
Architects: KRDS
Area: 440 m2
Year: 2023
Photographs: Mohammad Hassan Ettefagh
Manufacturers: AutoDesk, Reynaers Aluminium, Kale, Knauf, Rhino
Lead Architect: Kourosh Rafiey
HVAC: Sarmasaz Consulting Group
Lighting: Noorsaform
Design Team: Mohsen Yazdian, Mahsa Elahi, Ehsan Dehghani, Shafagh Javidi, Mohammad Safi, Zahra Azami, Sana Rastegar, Pantea Rafiey
Contractor: Morteza Eskandari
Structure: Navid Amiri
City: Nur
Country: Iran
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