Hirakata Performing & Visual Arts Center / Nikken Sekkei

由专筑网小R编译

文化、艺术、绿色交融的空间——Hirakata表演与视觉艺术中心位于城市中心，距离大阪与京都大约有30分钟的车程，距离当地的车站也有着5分钟的步行距离，其中的三个大厅和艺术馆则成为了一个文化、艺术，以及绿色交融的综合空间，目的是构成让市民可以聚集于此的城市场所，在室外，建筑前侧的广场成为了艺术文化空间的点缀，这里还有这草地和台阶，室内空间构成了与外部的连续性，院落和绿色区域构成了一个有着丰富自然采光的空间，建筑师希望室内外区域都能够让当地市民的艺术活动变得更加丰富。

A space where culture, art and greenery are interwoven - The Hirakata Performing & Visual Arts Center is centrally located in Hirakata City, 30 minutes by train from Osaka and Kyoto, and a five-minute walk from Hirakata Station. Its three halls and art gallery are designed as a space where culture, art, and greenery are interwoven, with the aim to create a new city landmark cherished by the citizenry. Outside, the plaza in front of the facility is dotted with spaces for culture and art, including a grassy area where citizens can easily gather, a shaded area, and a stage. The interior space was created with an awareness of spatial continuity with the exterior, where the courtyard and greened eaves create a space with abundant nature and natural light. We hope that the interior and exterior will support citizens’ artistic activities as a single integrated space.





紧凑的大厅——建筑师希望能够创造一个优雅且精致的空间，同时拥有合理的尺度，入口和大厅的高度有所降低，让人感受更加真实，走廊的尺寸和各个房间之间的距离和确保了一定的可见性和亲密度，整体的空间让人们能够感受到他人的活动以及周边的绿化环境，建筑的外部区域也减少了体量感，使得建筑宁静地矗立在绿色植物之中，构成一种安全感，让人们更加安心地感受前侧开放的广场。

A compact hall - We sought to create an elegant and refined space befitting a cultural and artistic center, while at the same time pursuing easy-to-use dimensions. The entrance lobby and halls, with their reduced height, allow visitors to enjoy a sense of realism. The height, along with the width of the corridors and the distance between the various rooms, are designed to ensure visibility and intimacy. The facility’s spaces allow people to feel others’ activities as well as the abundant greenery. The exterior of the building is also purposely less voluminous, as it stands quietly amidst the greenery, affording a sense of security that allows anyone to use the facility and enjoy the front plaza.







室内外的功能与美学相结合——室内外墙体上应用的砖石有着不同的截面形态，从而满足大厅对于声学的扩散与反射需求，建筑师希望这座建筑能够有着高品质的空间氛围，让人们更好地在此享受艺术。

Combining functionality and aesthetics in interior and exterior design - The bricks used for the interior and exterior were glazed and created in four different cross-sectional shapes to achieve the kind of sound diffusion and reflection qualities that are important for the hall's acoustic environment. We hope that the massive hall and the wood and brick-based entrance will furnish a high-quality atmosphere and that the facility will come to be a place where citizens can fully enjoy the arts.



空调与环境意识：剧场优先——在一些大空间中，空调交换了大量空气，因此也需要采取一定的措施来防止温差，在该项目中，大空间中应用了辐射空调，散热面板放置于椅背上，除此之外还有一层的天花板表面，辐射空调能够为大厅带来一定的室外空气，但是由于设备经过了调整，让气流的变化变得模糊，在设计阶段则需要经过实际的模拟来验证热舒适性能，在一次实际演出之后的调查问卷中，几乎所有的观众都认为，室内的舒适性是“一般”。

Radiant air conditioning & environmental consciousness: a theater first - In a large space such as a hall, air conditioning processes use large volumes of air. Measures are therefore required to prevent drafts and uneven temperature distribution due to elevation differences. In this project, radiant air conditioning was adopted for the first time in a hall. Radiator panels were placed on the backs of the seats, on the ceiling surfaces above the 1st-floor seats, and in the rear of the 2nd-floor seats where the ceiling height is low. Radiant air conditioning must also supply a minimum amount of outside air to the hall. However, equipment was tuned so that air drafts were rendered indiscernible. Thermal comfort was confirmed by simulations during the design stage and by lab tests and mock-ups during construction. In a post-construction questionnaire conducted during an actual performance, more than 95% of the audience responded that the interior conditions felt “normal” or better among five choices: "comfortable", "somewhat comfortable", "normal", "somewhat uncomfortable", and "uncomfortable”.







由于辐射空调的冷热水由水源热泵产生，该热泵应用了经过高度处理的污水，这其实是一种利用较少的能源，屋面上安装有太阳能电池面板，可以为电动汽车进行充电，同时也为公共区域的照明提供电力，在紧急情况下，反向电力传输系统使得电动汽车电池也能够应用于公共区域的照明设备，对于BCP服务而言，还应用了许多节能技术，比如热水存储和高效螺杆制冷剂的热源系统、外部空气冷却系统，以及二氧化碳抑制系统等等，根据CASBEE的评估，该建筑获得了S（优秀）等级。

The hot and cold water used for radiant air conditioning is produced by a water source heat pump that uses highly treated sewage water, an unutilized energy resource. Solar panels have been installed on the rooftop to charge electric vehicles and to provide power for common area lighting, etc. In case of emergencies, a reverse power transmission system allows electric vehicle batteries to illuminate lights in the facility’s common areas, etc. for BCP (business continuity plan) service. In addition, various energy-saving technologies have been adopted, such as a heat source system using thermal water storage and a high-efficiency screw chiller (vapor compressor), an outside air-cooling system, and CO2 suppression. These have helped the facility to earn a ranking of “S” (Excellent), according to the Comprehensive Assessment System for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE) environmental performance rating system.





实心砖石饰面提供了丰富的声学共振——目的是保障足够的声音反射，大厅的基本形状满足了舞台和观众座椅之间的连贯性和统一性，其整体布局综合考虑了天花板的高度和观众区域的比例，空间的主要反射面和墙体应用了砖石饰面，具有很好的反射性，同时也拥有适度的粗糙程度，为了增强声音的扩散，建筑师结合应用了多种类型的砖石材料，在主要大厅中，连续的屋檐反射面从舞台延伸至观众座椅区，进一步增加了反射长度，整个空间还应用粗糙的砖石墙体，减少了回声。

Solid brick finish affords rich acoustic resonance - To ensure sufficient early reflected sound, the basic shapes of the large and small halls were designed for smooth continuity and unification between the stage and audience seats. The halls’ floor plan and cross-section were decided with consideration for the proportion of ceiling heights and audience seat widths. The main reflective surfaces, the acoustic reflectors, and the side walls of the seating area are finished with brick, rigid enough for low-frequency reflection, and have appropriate surface roughness. To enhance sound diffusion, several types of bricks were used in an array of stacking methods. In the main hall, a continuous eave-like reflective surface stretches from the stage to the audience seats to further increase reflective sounds. Rectangular and flat, the event hall also features uneven wall brickwork to prevent flutter echoes.







各个表演厅周围应用了隔音结构缝，因此它们之间拥有高度隔音性能，其中的墙体由砖石砌筑，可以满足隔音和隔震的需求，在活动大厅，一层的开口和入口门厅相互结合，双层墙体提供了充足的隔音效果，建筑的二层应用了夹层玻璃，排练室则位于主要大厅的下方，同样拥有隔音和隔震的结构形式，主要大厅的散热面板的设计和安装也经过了细致的检查，确保了后期使用时不会产生振动。

By using a vibration/sound insulation structure and expansion joints around the small hall perimeter, high sound insulation performance was achieved between the large and small hall venues, where both loud noise and silence are expected. The walls of the small hall are brick-finished, which affords sound and vibration insulation. In the event hall, where the large first-floor opening allows for integration with the entrance lobby, a double layer of moving partition walls and entry/exit doors provides ample soundproofing. On the second floor, sound insulation is accomplished with 15mm + 15mm laminated glass. The rehearsal room, located diagonal to and below the main hall, employs a sound and vibration isolation structure. The main hall radiator panels were installed after careful testing and examination at each stage of design and construction to ensure against vibration clatter, even in the presence of loud music.











建筑设计：Nikken Sekkei
类型：剧院 表演中心 文化中心
面积：13146 m2
时间：2021年
摄影：Akira Ito
制造商：Fujiyogyo Co., Ltd, Oshirox Co. Ltd., SHOWA YOTAL Co., Ltd.
建设方：Maeda Corporation
客户：Hirakata市政
城市：Hirakata
国家：日本

THEATERS & PERFORMANCE, CULTURAL CENTER
HIRAKATA, JAPAN
Architects: Nikken Sekkei
Area: 13146 m2
Year: 2021
Photographs:Akira Ito
Manufacturers:  Fujiyogyo Co., Ltd, Oshirox Co. Ltd., SHOWA YOTAL Co., Ltd.
Construction Company: Maeda Corporation
Owner: Hirakata City
City: Hirakata
Country: Japan