The Whitney Museum. Image © Nic Lehoux

聚焦：伦佐•皮亚诺
Spotlight: Renzo Piano

由专筑网王沛儒，李韧编译

建筑是艺术，但艺术却被许多事物所影响。“污染”二字用于此再贴切不过。——伦佐•皮亚诺

出生于1937年9月14日的意大利建筑师伦佐•皮亚诺（Renzo Piano）以其精致的建筑风格闻名于世，在世界各地的博物馆等建筑中都得以体现。1998年他获得了普利茨克建筑奖，评审团将他与列奥纳多•达•芬奇（Leonardo da Vinci）、米开朗基罗（Michelangelo）和菲利波•布鲁内列斯基（Brunelleschi）进行了比较，强调“他的好奇心和解决问题的技巧正如意大利早期的大师们那样出色”。

Architecture is art, but art vastly contaminated by many other things. Contaminated in the best sense of the word—fed, fertilized by many things.
– Renzo Piano
Italian architect Renzo Piano (born 14 September 1937) is known for his delicate and refined approach to building, deployed in museums and other buildings around the world. Awarded the Pritzker Prize in 1998, the Pritzker Jury compared him to Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Brunelleschi, highlighting "his intellectual curiosity and problem-solving techniques as broad and far ranging as those earlier masters of his native land."


via Screenshot from "Renzo Piano: Architecture About 'Fighting Against Gravity'" interview with Charlie Rose


Centre Georges Pompidou. Image © Flickr user dalbera licensed under CC BY 2.0

皮亚诺出生在热那亚，原本希望能继承家族传统工作，但却选择了设计而成为一名建筑师，而后在米兰学习建筑。在1965年至1970年与路易斯•康（Louis Kahn）共事之后，皮亚诺的职业生涯在早期就取得了许多成功，在34岁时，他和理查德•罗杰斯（Richard Rogers）赢得了巴黎蓬皮杜中心（Centre Pompidou）的设计竞赛。项目竣工后，皮亚诺花了4年时间与蓬皮杜的工程师Peter Rice一起工作，之后于1981年创立了伦佐•皮亚诺建筑事务所。

Born in Genoa, Piano was originally expected to follow the family tradition and become a builder but instead chose design, studying architecture in Milan. After working for Louis Kahn between 1965 and 1970, personal success came early in Piano's career: at the age of 34, he and Richard Rogers won the design competition for the Centre Pompidou in Paris. After the completion of the building, Piano spent four years working alongside Peter Rice, the engineer of the Pompidou, before founding his firm Renzo Piano Building Workshop in 1981.


Menil Collection. Image © D Jules Gianakos

蓬皮杜取得了突破性的成功，这使得皮亚诺获得了许多博物馆项目的委托，其中包括于1987年开放的休斯顿Menil博物馆。当前而言，皮亚诺可能是世界上最多产的博物馆设计师，但在他自己的实践中，他的设计与蓬皮杜中心复杂的结构展示明显不同，相反，他因轻盈的设计和精确的细节而备受瞩目，但许多评论家仍然认为其设计的美国惠特尼艺术博物馆中仍然具有蓬皮杜的影子。然而，皮亚诺并不认为其作品风格是如此的单一，他告诉英国《独立报》的记者：“我认为它(‘风格’)是个陷阱。但我不否认的是‘智慧’和‘连贯性’。因为连贯性并非关乎形状，而是更强烈、更人性化、甚至更诗意的东西。”

The groundbreaking success of the Pompidou led Piano to a number of other museum commissions, including another of his most widely-praised works, the Menil Collection in Houston which opened in 1987. Today Renzo Piano is perhaps the world's most prolific museum designer, but in his own practice, his designs became markedly different from the flamboyant structural display of the Centre Pompidou; he has instead become revered for his light designs and precise detailing (although many critics sensed the ghost of the Pompidou in his Whitney Museum of American Art, completed almost 40 years later). Piano refutes the idea that his work displays any single style, however, telling The Independent “I think it ['style'] is a trap. But what I don’t hate is 'intelligence' or 'coherence.' Because coherence is not about shape, it is about something stronger, more humanistic, more poetic even.”


Harvard Art Museums Renovation and Expansion. Image © Nic Lehoux

这种敏感性和连贯性的说法使他得以参与建造20世纪一些伟大的建筑作品中，近年来，他完成了一些特殊的项目，这些建筑有的毗邻柯布西耶的朗香教堂，而有的则毗邻哈佛卡朋特中心和卡恩的金贝尔艺术博物馆。

This reputation for sensitivity and coherence has enabled him to build alongside some of the greatest architectural works of the 20th century: in recent years, he has completed buildings adjacent to Le Corbusier's Chapel at Ronchamp and Carpenter Center at Harvard, and Louis Kahn's Kimbell Art Museum.


Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. Image © Nic Lehoux

在1998年获得普利兹克建筑奖时,评审团赞扬了皮亚诺的敏感性和他的多才多艺,其大阪关西机场等项目可以证明,他不仅仅有能力设计博物馆。在未来几十年，诸如伦敦碎片大楼等项目也进一步证明了这个事实。评审团表示：“由于选择从事建筑行业，他在某种意义上打破了家族传统，但实际上，他出乎先辈们的意料，而将这项工作完成得如此出色。”

In awarding him the 1998 Pritzker Prize, the jury praised Piano's sensitivity but also his versatility, citing projects such as his Kansai Airport Terminal in Osaka as evidence that he was capable of more than just museums—a fact that would be reinforced in the decades to come with projects such as the Shard in London. The jury stated that "by choosing a career as an architect rather than contractor, he may have broken with a family tradition in one sense, but in fact, he has enhanced that tradition in ways his forebears could only have imagined."


The Shard. Image © Eric Smerling


Pathé Foundation.© Michel Denancé


© D Jules Gianakos


MUSE.© Shunji Ishida


Navigate articles using your keyboard.Photography by Julien Lanoo © Vitra


California Academy of Sciences.© Tim Griffith


Renzo Piano Designs a Flat-Pack Auditorium for L'Aquila.© Marco Caselli Nirmal


Kimbell Art Museum Expansion.©Robert Polidori


Astrup Fearnley Museeet © Nic Lehoux


Volcano Buono


Central St. Giles Court.© Michel Denance


Modern Wing at the Art Institute of Chicago


Intesa Sanpaolo Office Building.© Enrico Cano


Valletta City Gate.© Michel Denancé


Centre Culturel Jean-Marie Tjibaou.© Flickr user bectrynes


Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Centre.© Michel Denancé


Centro Botín.© Enrico Cano


Château La Coste Art Gallery.© Maurits Van der Staay