在华沙barbican碉堡里采用染色混凝土墙创建的卡廷博物馆
BBGK Architekci uses stained concrete walls to create Katyn Museum inside Warsaw barbican
由专筑网朱王倩，严越编译
红色混凝土墙构成了一个裂缝，通向华沙barbican碉堡的纪念碑，这里纪念在第二次世界大战期间被苏联秘密警察杀害的成千上万的波兰公民。
Red concrete walls frame a chasm leading to a memorial inside Warsaw's barbican, which commemorates the thousands of Polish citizens murdered by the Soviet secret police during the second world war.
由本地工作室BBGK Architekci设计，卡廷博物馆是今年Mies van der Rohe奖的五个项目之一，分布在华沙老城区三座十九世纪加固的红砖城堡建筑内。
Designed by local studio BBGK Architekci, the Katyn Museum– one of five projects in the running for this year's Mies van der Rohe Award – is split across three 19th-century buildings of the fortified red brick citadel in Warsaw's old town.
波兰军事博物馆是为了纪念1939年至1940年间，在俄罗斯卡廷森林大规模谋杀的二万多名苏联囚犯。
该工作室说：“卡廷博物馆是为纪念在第二次世界大战期间发生的一场痛苦的波兰历史事件，当时有超过20,000名波兰军官和国家官员遭到苏联秘密警察的残酷杀害。”
The Polish military museum commemorates the mass murder of more than 20,000 Soviet prisoners between 1939 and 1940 in Russia's Katyn Forest.
"Katyn Museum is there to commemorate a painful episode of Polish history which took place during world war two when over 20,000 Polish military officers and state officials were brutally murdered by the Soviet secret police," said the studio.
“卡廷残酷和邪恶的历史让人太难以理解了”，他补充说。纪念位于枪口下的21,768名受害者的十五张匾额，提出了关于邪恶、善意、宽恕意义的问题。
"The history of Katyn in its cruelty and evil immensity is much too difficult to comprehend," it added. "Fifteen plaques commemorating the 21,768 victims located in the historic gunrest raise questions about the meaning of the concepts of evil, good, forgiveness."
入口设在barbican城堡的Nowomiejska门，展览空间安排在防御工事通道的两层上。
通道两侧高高的红色混凝土墙，通向砖拱顶内的第三个展示空间，受害者的名字展示在匾上。
The entrance is set at the barbican's Nowomiejska Gate and exhibition spaces are arranged over two levels of the caponier fortification.
A shaft flanked by tall red-tinged concrete walls leads down into a third exhibition space within the brick vaults, where the names of the victims are displayed on plaques.
属于卡廷森林中的一些个人物品——骑士棋子、信件、弹药和各种装饰徽章 ，被用来印制12米高的墙壁。
位于地面的橡木十字架与红色混凝土通道对齐，其材料选择的色调与原始建筑物的红砖一致。
Personal items belonging to those murdered in the Katyn Forest – a knight chess piece, letters, ammunition and various badges of decoration – were used to imprint the 12-metre-high walls.
An oak cross positioned at ground level is aligned with the red concrete passage, a material chosen to tone with the red brickwork of the original buildings.
建筑师Malwina Borowiec告诉Dezeen，“这是博物馆叙述结束的地方——在这里我们也决定设计最强的空间形态。”
“这两个墙壁完全由彩色混凝土砖制成，切割了150年历史的俄罗斯城堡。许多地方，我们在混凝土上印着遇难者的小物品。”
"This is where the narrative of the museum ends – here we also decided on the strongest spatial gesture,"architect Malwina Borowiec told Dezeen.
"The two walls, made entirely of coloured concrete bricks, cut the shafts of the 150-year-old Russian citadel. In many places in the concrete we have stamped small items found on the victims."
“我们决定使用红色混凝土，以便新材料不会盖过原来的砖块”，她解释说。 “新建筑与现有的华沙城堡建筑结构有关。”
"We decided to use red-tinted concrete so that the new material wouldn't overwhelm the original matter of brick," she explained. "The new substance was about connecting with the existing structure of the old Warsaw citadel."
卡廷博物馆胜出打败由Alison Brooks建造的伦敦公寓楼，和由Lundgaard＆Tranberg Architects建造的Ribe中世纪遗址庇护所，由NL Architects和XVW Architectuur改造的阿姆斯特丹住房计划，以及由Rivi Ricciotti为2017年Mies van der Rohe奖设计的在Rivesaltes的第二次世界大战纪念碑。
The Katyn Museum is up against a London apartment block by Alison Brooks, a shelter for medieval ruins in Ribe by Lundgaard & Tranberg Architects, an Amsterdam housing scheme renovated by NL Architects and XVW Architectuur, and a second world war memorial in Rivesaltes by Rudy Ricciotti for the Mies van der Rohe Award 2017.
以德美建筑师Ludwig Mies van der Rohe命名的两一的奖项，是欧洲建筑最负盛名的荣誉。
40个项目的原始入围名单在二月份筛选，得出五名入围者，下个月将公布6万欧元（51,000英镑）奖杯的获奖者。
The biennial award, named after German-American architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, is the most prestigious accolade in European architecture.
An original shortlist of 40 projects was whittled down to find the five finalists in February, and the winner of the |
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