蛋形桑拿室为采矿活动而流离失所的瑞典城镇的居民创造了休息站
Egg-shaped sauna creates escape for residents of Swedish town displaced by mining

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

Bigert＆Bergström 为基律纳人民建造了一个金色蛋形桑拿浴室。历经几十年的铁矿石开采导致自然环境受到严重影响，从而造成整个瑞典城镇的迁移。

Bigert & Bergström has built a golden, egg-shaped sauna for the people of Kiruna after damage caused by decades of iron ore mining resulted in the relocation of the entire Swedish town.

这个瑞典艺术家二人组受开发商 Riksbyggen委托，设计一个雕塑，为表达城镇居民搬迁后失去社区场所感的精神恐惧。

整个城市向东迁移几公里，新城镇由White Arkitetker总体规划开发，这将使矿业能够持续至少20年。

The Swedish artist duo was commissioned by developer Riksbyggen, to design a commemorative social sculpture for the town after residents voiced fears of losing community spirit after their relocation.
The whole town is being shifted several kilometres eastward into a masterplan developed by White Arkitetker, which will allow mining to continue for a further 20 years.

艺术家设计了一座五米高四米宽的黄金桑拿浴室作为居民的聚会场所。

这个太阳能蛋形建筑由69个独立的镀金不锈钢板组成，汇聚在一起形成多面椭圆形。

The artists' response was to design a five-metre-high by four-metre-wide golden sauna as a meeting place for residents.
Solar Egg is comprised of 69 separate pieces of gold-plated stainless-steel sheets, which come together to form the multifaceted oval.

桑拿室位于位于瑞典拉普兰北极圈以北145公里处，蛋形的形状旨在将气候和多彩的环境倒映在金色的镜面上。

艺术家Mats Bigert说：“景观、矿山、城市、天空、太阳和雪在这里组合成一个分散的形象，这样的做法能够反映当今社会关于气候和可持续发展、以及社区发展问题所带来的复杂结果。

Located 145 kilometres north of the Arctic Circle in Swedish Lapland, the egg-shaped form is intended to make reference to the climate, with the snowy surroundings reflected in the golden mirrored surface.
"Landscape, mine, town, sky, sun and snow are here combined into a fragmented image that can evoke associations with the complexity spanned by today's discussion about climate and sustainable community development," said artist Mats Bigert.

在建筑内部，围绕着一个手工制作的木制燃烧器，装在一个心脏解剖形状的铁笼中。燃烧器上装满了大块石头，用以传导75至85摄氏度之间的热量。

门口的吊桥楼梯可升降，供游客进入。内部由白杨木制成的长椅形成桑拿浴室的分层座位，最多可同时容纳8人。

Inside, the pine-clad interior surrounds a handmade wood-fired burner, encased in a iron cage in the shape of an anatomical heart. The burner is filled with large stones to conduct the heat, which varies between 75 and 85 degrees Celsius.
A flight of drawbridge stairs that form the doorway can be lowered down to the snow for visitors to enter. Inside, benches made from aspen wood form the sauna's tiered seating, with room for up to eight people.

“当Riksbyggen要求我们解释对基律纳这座城市的理解时，我们认为探索这样一个鼓励社交的空间非常必然，”比格特说。“桑拿是神圣不可侵犯的地方，你可以从大到小讨论各种各样的事情。”

景观的 “破坏性转变”，和采矿对环境造成的影响，引起了居民的广泛争议。

"When Riksbyggen asked us to interpret Kiruna, we felt it was natural to explore a space that unites and encourages conversation," said Bigert. "Saunas are sacrosanct places where you can discuss all manner of things – from the big to the small."
The "devastating transformation" of the landscape and effect on the environment caused by the mining has sparked a lot of debate among the residents.

基律纳整个城镇的搬迁是由于矿业公司LKAB持续进行的采矿活动。

“自19世纪末以来，人们开始提炼铁矿石，这是瑞典人民的一个重要收入来源，对基律纳镇绝对至关重要。”Bigert说， “没有矿石，没有城镇。”

The relocation of Kiruna's entire community is due to the mining company LKAB's continued extraction of the iron seam that runs under the town.
"The iron ore is and has been – ever since it first began to be extracted at the end of the 19th century – an important source of income for Sweden, and absolutely vital for the town of Kiruna," said Bigert. "No mine, no town."

基律纳的搬迁由White Arkitetker组织，White Arkitetker创建了一个名为基律纳4-Ever的总体规划，详细介绍了未来20年分阶段的战略措施。该规划在2014年被列为威尼斯建筑双年展的一部分。

丹麦公司Henning Larsen Architects为市政厅设计了总体布局，它是一个圆形建筑，内部结构为水晶般的铁矿石矿床。

总部位于斯德哥尔摩的Bigert＆Bergström曾经以覆盖瑞典最高的山峰凯布讷山的外表皮为基础，对地质进行测试，从而了解地球工程是否可以有助于缓解冰川融化，并于1998年在里斯本为世博会设计了气候室。

摄影：Jean-BaptisteBéranger

Kiruna's relocation is being overseen by White Arkitetker, which has created a masterplan named Kiruna 4-Ever that details the phased strategy spanning the next 20 years. The plan was shown as part of the Venice Architecture Biennale in 2014.
Danish firm Henning Larsen Architects' designed a city hall for the masterplan, a circular building with a crystal-shaped inner structure that is intended to resemble iron ore deposits.
Stockholm-based Bigert & Bergström has previously experimented by covering Sweden's highest mountain, Kebnekaise, with an insulating coat to test whether geo-engineering could help slow glacial melting, and their climate chamber designed for the World Expo in Lisbon in 1998.
Photography is by Jean-Baptiste Béranger.

出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。