USC建筑系学生与MADWORKSHOP联合解决洛杉矶人口的流离失所
USC Architecture Students and MADWORKSHOP Collaborate to Combat LA’s Homeless Epidemic

由专筑网王子铭，韩平编译

根据《洛杉矶时报》的报道，在过去的一年里，由于对人口流动的限制和可怕的住房危机，洛杉矶无家可归的人数猛增了23％，已经将近5.8万人。其在社会中的反响日益增加，使得选民（约三分之二）通过增长税收（Measure H）及12亿美元的债券计划（Measure HHH）来提供住房及基础设施的建设。随着城市财务状况的好转，随之而来衍生出一个新问题：
要建造什么？

Aggravated by limited upward mobility and a dire housing crisis, LA County’s homeless population has shot up 23 percent to nearly 58,000 in the past year alone, according The Los Angeles Times. Their increased visibility recently guilted voters into passing (by a two-thirds majority) a sales tax increase (Measure H) and a $1.2 billion bond initiative (Measure HHH) to provide housing and amenities. With the city now better financially equipped to tackle the problem, a new issue arises: what to build?

Courtesy of MADWORKSHOP

虽然洛杉矶以前已经组织过数千个永久的住房公共基金合作单位（如铁道住房信托基金），但目前需要一种新的方法来解决现状，而且需要快速处理，达到立竿见影的效果，因为要成立永久性的行政单位和长时间的设计审查机制在短时间内不会有任何成效。这个实验性方法目的是为了在过度时期，容纳大量被忽视的人群，需要快速构建临时紧急的稳定生活，抛去所有繁文缛节。

While LA has previously used public funds in collaboration with organizations (such as the Skid Row Housing Trust) to construct thousands of permanent supportive housing units, the current crisis calls for a new approach. The situation needs to be addressed fast, and the bureaucracy and lengthy design review that comes with erecting permanent construction is too inefficient to make a difference in the short term. An experimental new approach aims to house a large number of neglected individuals in transitional “temporary emergency stabilization” living units that can be rapidly constructed free of red tape.

Courtesy of MADWORKSHOP

Courtesy of MADWORKSHOP

在过去一个学期，USC建筑系的学生与先进的设计机构MADWORKSHOP合作，提出一个富有创意的概念，被称为“希望之家”。经过几个月团队的设计，一个完全符合标准的移动式收容所诞生，其由92平方英尺的模块化可堆叠式活动单元组成。这些相同的模块单元是城市历史上公共住房资源最有效的使用方法之一，每个单元的造价仅有25000美元。

This past semester, 11 fourth-year USC Architecture students teamed up with the progressive design foundation MADWORKSHOP on an ambitious proof of concept dubbed “Homes for Hope.” After months of prototyping full-scale mobile shelters, the team’s work resulted in a fully-code-compliant, 92-square-foot modular and stackable living unit. At an as-built cost of only $25,000 each, these identical pods could be one of the most efficient uses of public housing resources in the city’s history.

Courtesy of MADWORKSHOP

该项目的内涵精神就是对人权的尊重，无论用户是谁，都拥有周到的服务。每个单元都配有数控床垫、梳妆台、书桌、丰富的存储空间和照明系统。尽管大家为公共事业服务，不求回报，但该项目也引起了一些小争议，有人提出为什么要给他们这么好的居住条件，MADWORKSHOP 的主任Sofia Borges说：“我认为拥有住房单元是每个人的权利，而那些无家可归者所居住的环境是对人权的侮辱。”

A guiding ethos for the project is the importance of dignified, thoughtful design--regardless of the clientele. Each unit is equipped with a CNC-milled bed, dresser, desk, and plentiful storage and lighting. Despite frugally serving a public good, the project has stirred minor controversy. “I think shelter should be a human right, but architecture for those experiencing homelessness is some of the most stigmatized architecture there is” laments Sofia Borges, the director of MADWORKSHOP. “There’s this judgment: why would you give them something so nice?”

Courtesy of MADWORKSHOP

即使是临时的居住场所，团队成员也看到这些单元为美化城市所存在的巨大潜力。每个吊舱可以安全地安置在允许的公共环境中，包括不雅观的停车场或空置地段。有了这个出色的项目规划，现在唯一的问题是：洛杉矶将何时推动这一项目的发展。

Yet even as temporary structures, the teams see potential for the units to beautify the City of Angels. Each pod can be safely stacked in a communal arrangement to occupy unsightly parking spaces or vacant lots. With this admirable project outlined, now the only question is if LA will run with it.

© Brandon Friend-Solis

© Brandon Friend-Solis

Courtesy of MADWORKSHOP

Courtesy of MADWORKSHOP

出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。