学生利用数字技术振兴传统竹编
Students "reinvigorate" traditional bamboo weaving with digital technologies for Sun Room pavilion

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

香港大学的建筑学生通过将古老的编织技术与数字设计方法相结合，为中国福建省的农民创造了竹子编织的住所。

Architecture students from the University of Hong Kong created this woven bamboo shelter for farmers in China's Fujian province by combining age-old weaving techniques with digital design methodologies.

由于竹编织物工艺的复杂性和对熟练劳动力的大量需求，这项传统手艺的艺术传承在该地区急剧下降。香港大学的学生与当地的手工艺人在培田村开展合作，建造了一座阳光房，目的是通过竹编制工艺的使用从而将这项技术传承下去。

该建筑位于当地新的百香果种植园，距离古村中心2.4公里。

Due to its complexity and reliance on skilled labour, the art of bamboo weaving is in steep decline in the region. Students from the University of Hong Kong (HKU) worked with local craftspeople and the last remaining bamboo weaver in the village of Peitian to create the Sun Room pavilion, aiming to revive the construction method.
The structure is located in a new passion fruit plantation, 2.4 kilometres from the centre of the ancient village.

这个阳光住所的概念源于该地区的茶馆，这些茶房是周边工作的农民休息点，并且在梅雨季节为人们遮风挡雨，或者在炎炎夏日为人们带来一丝清凉。

香港大学建筑课程负责人Donn Holohan解释说，由传统手艺建成的这些建筑功能并不局限于此，它们还能作为会议场所、车间或商店。

The shelter's concept derived from a desire to regenerate the area's tea houses, which are used as resting spots for farmers working on the surrounding land and to provide shelter from storms in rainy seasons, or from the sun during the hottest part of the day.
These structures traditionally made from earth and wood act not only as shelters from the elements, but also as meeting places, workshops or stores, explained HKU architecture course leader Donn Holohan.

“历史上，这些展馆经常被工匠用来展示他们的新技能或新方法。今天，这些建筑大部分为混凝土和砖混结构取代。”

“竹编的工艺作品数量急剧下降，在福建培田村仅有一个工匠在坚持这项传统工艺。”

"Historically, these pavilions were often used by craftsmen to demonstrate their skill or to trial new construction methodologies. Today these structures have, for the most part, been replaced by generic outbuildings in concrete and brick," he said.
"The craft of bamboo weaving is in drastic decline with only one practicing artisan remaining in Peitian."

阳光房的外壳为竹编制成，并结合松木承重结构，这些结构部件均由当地的木匠负责切割制造。

The Sun Room has an outer shell made from woven bamboo, and a pine load-bearing structure that was sourced regionally and cut by local carpenters.

竹编外壳的下方不规则地翘起，让人们在内部能够看到不同的外部景观，并最大限度地为人们遮风挡雨。

阳光房面向一条山路和山谷，这些自然形成的开口也构成不同的景观，并在建筑底部产生独特的波浪般的效果。

The shell's hem has been lifted at various points to provide views out as well as offering the maximum protection from the sun, rain or prevailing winds.
As the shelter faces a network of mountain roads and valleys, these openings also frame each outlook, and produce a unique wave-like effect at the bottom of the pyramidal pavilion.

不规则的形状使建筑难以用传统的编织技术来建造，所以学生们用数字软件绘制每根竹子的长度和具体位置，并用数控机床切割材料。

“整体编织模式同时运用，并调整了竹子的灵活性与尺寸。”Holohan告诉Dezeen记者。

The irregular form made the pavilion difficult to construct using the traditional weaving techniques so the students used digital software to map the length, position and location of each bamboo cane, and CNC machines to cut the material.
"The overall weaving pattern was developed simultaneously, and adjusted in relationship to the flexibility and dimensional limits of the bamboo," Holohan told Dezeen.

“学生们通过使用CNC和机器人设备开发工具和夹具。这些工具使村民们能够在并不具备更先进的竹子编织工艺的前提下也能够完成这种复杂的形态。”他继续说。

该场地十分偏僻，没有直接到达的道路，因此所有的建筑构件必须便于运输和手工安装。

"Tools and jigs were developed and then digitally fabricated at HKU using the faculty CNC and robotic equipment. These elements along with the pattern maps allowed the villagers to achieve the complex form without a prior training in the craft of bamboo weaving," he continued.
The site is isolated, with no direct road access, so all building elements had to be designed to be easily transported and installed by hand.

这个20平方米的住房是由学生们和当地村民与工匠共同建造，村民布置现场，学生组装挡土墙和基本结构构件，并与当地木匠的协助将建筑搭建起来。

The 20-square-metre shelter was constructed by the students and craftsmen from Peitian, with the village community preparing the site, and the students assembling the retaining walls and basic structural elements and framing with help from local carpenters.

越来越多的建筑学者进行机器人的制造和数字技术的探索与研究，从而寻求更加创新和有效的方式来开展项目。 该技术的运用案例有来自斯图加特大学的研究人员和学生的机器人编织碳纤维馆，还有来自伦敦AA学院学生的机器人谷仓。

Robotic fabrication and digital technologies are increasingly being explored by architecture students seeking the innovative and efficient ways to carry out projects. Other examples include a robotically woven carbon-fibre pavilion by researchers and students from the University of Stuttgart, and a robotically fabricated barn by students from London's AA School.

项目信息
设计师：Donn Holohan
建设：Peitian community craftsmen
项目团队：Elspeth Lee, Jiang Hejia, and HKU architecture students
资助：Supported by the Gallant Ho Experiential Learning Fund

Project credits:
Design: Donn Holohan
Construction: Peitian community craftsmen
Project team: Elspeth Lee, Jiang Hejia, and HKU architecture students
Funding: Supported by the Gallant Ho Experiential Learning Fund


出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。