理查德•迈耶（Richard Meier）的Cittadella大桥横跨意大利一河流时以分流交通和行人
Richard Meier's Cittadella Bridge separates traffic and pedestrians as they cross an Italian river

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

美国建筑师理查德•迈耶（Richard Meier）在意大利亚历山德里亚（Alessandria）的一条河上完成了一条拱形单跨桥，该桥为交通和行人提供了便利。

American architect Richard Meier has completed an arching single-span bridge across a river in the Italian city of Alessandria, which provides lanes for traffic and pedestrians separated by a central void.

Cittadella大桥连接意大利西北部城市和塔纳罗河对岸18世纪城堡，长185米，是理查德•迈耶及其团队完成的第一个行人和车辆共用的桥，建筑师在该项目中运用了减法的策略。

新桥运用了预制混凝土和油漆钢结构。1994年，这里原来的桥体被洪水所摧毁，当时的水位甚至达到了桥面的高度。

因此，桥梁与地面连接的最低标高也在当时洪水水位高度之上，也为人们提供一个公共空间，让行人在城市和历史性的堡垒之间过渡时能够逗留。

The 185-metre-long Cittadella Bridge connecting the city in northwest Italy with the 18th-century citadel on the opposite bank of the Tanaro River is the first pedestrian and vehicular bridge completed by Richard Meier & Partners, the American firm known for its pared-back architectural approach.
The pre-cast concrete and painted-steel structure replaces a previous bridge that was affected by a major flood in 1994, when water reached as high as the roadway.
The new crossing is raised above the flood plain and is intended to provide a public space where pedestrians can linger as they transition between the city and the historic fortress.

迈耶是普里茨克奖获得者，他说：“在最初接到设计这座大桥的邀约时，大约是20年前，这20年多的时间里，我非常高兴地完成了这个城市过去与未来之间的纽带设计。”

“我们希望这个新桥能够对当地社区的公民生活带来便利，从而让18世纪的城堡和Gobetti广场附近的城市振兴。”

"More than 20 years after the initial commission to design a new bridge between the city of Alessandria and the old citadel, I am extremely pleased to have completed this new modern link between the past and the future of the city," said Pritzker Prize laureate, Meier.
"We hope that this new structure will contribute to the civic life of the local community and to the urban revitalisation around the site, the 18th-century citadel and Piazza Gobetti."

以前的桥梁经常造成交通拥挤，行人甚至难以过桥，所以新桥的设计中，建筑师将行人和车辆的流线区分开。

该桥的桥顶高度为32.5米，结构上由两条拉锁受力而成，而拉锁的两端则固定在混凝土坝上。

两条道路一条轻轻地向北弯曲，而另一侧的人行道则向南侧弯曲，形成视觉以及空间上的平衡。

The previous bridge was often heavily congested with traffic and difficult for pedestrians to cross, so the design of the new crossing separates people and traffic into two parallel routes.
The bridge's 32.5-metre-high arch leans away from the road and incorporates tension cables from which both routes are suspended, resulting in a single span anchored in concrete abutments at either end.
The side accommodating the road bows gently to the north, with the curve of the pedestrian walkway to the south helping to achieve the necessary counterbalance.

白色混凝土和涂漆钢的使用，让这座桥成为城市中一道亮丽的风景线。迈耶说：“像许多建筑物一样，这个项目是一个体量和形式的组合，伴着黎明和黄昏，随着季节的变化，灯光通过结构，最终产生独特的光影效果。”

The form and the use of white concrete and painted steel gives the structure a bold presence that is visible from many parts of the city.
"As in many of our buildings, this project is a composition of volumes and forms," said Meier, "and at dawn and dusk, and with the change of the seasons light will filter through the structure, providing for particularly animated light conditions."

桥梁的行人专用区设计作为公共广场，波尔菲多碎石的运用成为城市街景和广场的点睛之处。

减噪墙有助于减少沿该路线的交通噪音，这里足够宽敞，可容纳许多游客和骑自行车的人们，人们可以欣赏到河岸的美景。

The pedestrianised side of the bridge is planned as a public plaza, with porfido stone pavers referencing the traditional material palette of the city's streetscape and squares.
Acoustic abatement walls help to reduce traffic noise along this route, which provides views along the river and is wide enough to accommodate many visitors as well as cyclists.

迈耶工作室与当地的事务所Dante O Benini＆Partners Architects合作，完成了该项目，Benini声称由于其桥梁配重的结构性作用，这个新型公共空间的建造成本几乎为零。

“这个项目真正成功的因素并不是让人们重新回到河边，而是使桥梁成为城市人们的聚集处，也是亚历山德里亚公民社交聚会场所的最大亮点。” Benini补充说。

Meier's studio worked alongside local firm Dante O Benini & Partners Architects to complete the project, which Benini claimed provides a new public space at zero cost due to its structural role as the vehicular bridge's counterweight.
"The real success of the project has not just been bringing people back to the river, but in making the pedestrian part of the bridge the most coveted square in the city, and the most extraordinary place for social gathering for the citizens of Alessandria," Benini added.

理查德迈耶（Richard Meier）与六位合作伙伴一起完成了位于纽约和洛杉矶的多个项目。他们在美国、欧洲和亚洲完成的项目多达130个，其中包括位于特拉维夫的包豪斯风格白塔。

迈耶是最后一个20世纪的现代主义者一，其个人风格主要为白色简约派，代表作有牛津郡乡村英国庄园，在这座建筑中，迈耶用其特有的风格来表达了对当代作品的诠释，除此之外其作品还有里约热内卢的办公楼，在这个项目中，迈耶设计了水平百叶窗和垂直花园。

摄影：Hufton + Crow。

Richard Meier runs his New York and Los Angeles-based practice with six partners. Collectively they have completed over 130 projects across America, Europe and Asia, including a Bauhaus-inspired white tower in Tel Aviv.
Meier is regarded as one of the last practicing 20th-century modernists and has also applied his characteristically bright-white minimalist style to a contemporary interpretation of an English manor in the Oxfordshire countryside, and an office building in Rio de Janeiro featuring horizontal louvres and vertical gardens.
Photography is by Hufton + Crow.

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