Jim Olson60年来10大经典建筑作品
10 highlights from Jim Olson's six decades in architecture

由专筑网李韧，王帅编译

小编为大家收集了西雅图Olson Kundig建筑事务所的联合创始人、美国建筑师Jim Olson的10大经典项目，小到一个宴会厅，大到面向海洋的泳池酒店，这些项目也会在其新书中展示。

Jim Olson出生于1940年，并于1967年成立了Olson Kundig建筑事务所，该公司当前由Tom Kundig、Kirsten R Murray、Alan Maskin、Kevin M Kudo-King共同负责。事务所的代表项目是西雅图Space Needle和一些美国的住宅项目。

在18岁时，这位建筑大师设计了第一座住宅，那是他祖父母周末住宅庭院中的小建筑，当时他还在华盛顿大学的建筑学院学习。

在接下来的几年中，他完成了一系列项目，例如住宅、教堂、酒店，这些都会在新书《Jim Olson：建筑、自然、艺术（Jim Olson: Building, Nature, Art）》中说明，这本新书将在本月由Thames & Hudson发表。

为了让大家更好地了解这些项目，小编特意从中选择了10个代表作品与大家分享：

From a party bunkhouse to a hotel with a pool dropping to the ocean, we've rounded up 10 key projects by US architect Jim Olson, co-founder of Seattle architecture studio Olson Kundig, which feature in a new book celebrating 60 years of his work.
Born in 1940, Jim Olson established Olson Kundig in 1967 and now runs the architecture practice with partners Tom Kundig, Kirsten R Murray, Alan Maskin and Kevin M Kudo-King. Among the firm's current projects is the overhaul of the iconic Seattle Space Needle and many residential projects across the US.
The 78-year-old architect built his first shelter – a bunker on the grounds of his grandparents' weekend house – aged 18, while studying architecture at the University of Washington.
In the years following, he has gone on to complete a host of projects, including residences, chapels and hotels, which are presented in Jim Olson: Building, Nature, Art – a new publication by Thames & Hudson released earlier this month.
To mark the book's launch, we've picked 10 highlights from its pages. Read on to find out more:

项目名称：Longbranch住宅
项目地点：美国 华盛顿
项目时间：2014年

这座迷你小木屋是Olson的成名作，它为自己而建，当时这位建筑师才18岁，是建筑学院一年级学生，项目造价为500美元（376英镑）。

这位建筑师现年78岁，他分别在1981年、1997年、2003年对这座住宅进行了扩建。在2014年，他还增加了几间卧室、一间有着通透视野和连贯屋顶的起居室。这座住宅的使用功能也随着时间而变化，最初只是一间小木屋，他常常在那里招待朋友们，再到后来他的子孙后辈会来这里看望他。

Longbranch Cabin, Longbranch, Washington, USA, 2014
Olson's first credited project is a tiny bunkhouse that he designed and built for himself aged 18, as a first-year architecture student on a $500 (￡376) budget.
The architect, now 78 years old, then completed extensions to the dwelling in 1981, 1997, 2003. Most recently, in 2014, he added several bedrooms, a living room with a large glass wall and a unifying roof. Its use has also changed over time, from a cabin where he entertained friends as a teenager to a retreat for his visiting grandchildren.

项目名称：城市小屋
项目地点：美国 华盛顿 西雅图
项目时间：2015年

该项目位于西雅图茂密的森林之中，外立面覆盖着冷杉木，这是这位建筑师为一位老朋友设计的“城市避风港”。

这个项目与Longbranch住宅项目联系紧密，并且也从后者中找到许多设计灵感，例如一间临时工作室。

City Cabin, Seattle, Washington, USA, 2015
Although appearing to be amid woodland, this fir-clad residence is actually sited on a dense plot in Seattle, which the architect surrounded in trees to create an "urban refuge" for an old friend.
The two worked closely on the project, using Longbranch Cabin for many of its design cues, as well as an ad-hoc studio.

项目名称：加利福尼亚草地住宅
项目地点：美国 加利福尼亚 旧金山湾地区
项目时间：2017年

建筑有着大开窗、泥土色调面板、错落的布局形式，这些让住宅与周边的绿地相互融合，因此得名为“加利福尼亚草地住宅”。

Olson多个项目的设计都包含有许多要素，从家具的设置到苍白色木材和深色花岗岩的运用，再到艺术品的选择都十分讲究。

California Meadow House, San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA, 2017
Huge windows, an earthy material palette and a staggered layout are intended to blend with the greenery around this residence, aptly named California Meadow House.
As with many of his projects, Olson's design is all-encompassing, from furniture to match the pale wood and black granite across the interior, to selecting the artwork.

项目名称：墨西哥沙漠住宅
项目地点：墨西哥
项目时间：2010年

Olson为一位朋友设计了这座墨西哥海滨假日住宅，这位朋友自高中起与他相识，建筑运用了石材和灰泥来呼应周边的海滩。

建筑的通高起居室主要用于招待客人，后部的大面积滑动玻璃窗面向外部泳池，其上方是用于遮阳的大屋盖。

Mexico Beach House, San José Del Cabo, Baja, Mexico, 2010
Olson designed this seaside Mexican holiday home for a friend he'd known since high school, chosing stone and stucco to match the tones of nearby sandy beaches.
Among the main features of the property is a two-storey-high living area for entertaining guests. A sliding "window wall" at the rear opens to the swimming pool, where a slatted canopy above provides shade.

项目名称：展厅住宅
项目地点：美国 华盛顿 贝尔维尤
项目时间：2011年

展厅住宅拥有娱乐功能，其旁侧是客户的现有居住建筑。

建筑中央放置有长条形餐桌，角落是壁炉，客户通过玻璃推拉门可以来到外部花园。在这里能够容纳100为客人，同时建筑能够很好地适应各种气候。

Pavilion House Bellevue, Washington DC, USA, 2011
Pavilion House is an entertainment wing built to adjoin the client's existing residence on the neighbouring plot.
Featuring a long dining table, a cosy nook with a fire and sliding glass doors that open onto the garden, the addition provides a place for up to 100 guests, in a variety of climates.

项目名称：Gethsemane教堂
项目地点：美国 华盛顿 西雅图
项目时间：2012年

这是一座建于50年代的现有教堂的扩建项目，建筑外部包裹着彩色玻璃窗，从而在内部形成五彩斑斓的光影效果。

Olson的Gethsemane教堂还设置有一座小型的冥想花园，在这里植物丛生，通过面向街道的大开窗，使用者能够看到教堂的主体部分。

Gethsemane Chapel, Seattle, Washington, USA, 2012
Coloured glass windows wrap this extension to a 1950s church in Seattle, creating colourful light patterns across its interiors.
Olson's Gethsemane Chapel includes a small meditation garden, where plants grow underneath slab benches, and the main chapel, which can all be viewed through the large windows facing the street.

项目名称：Whatcom博物馆的光线收集器
项目地点：美国 华盛顿 贝灵汉
项目时间：2009年

这座博物馆位于贝灵汉，建筑中央有着11米高的透明玻璃弧线墙体，Olson在该项目的设计竞赛中胜出。

建筑玻璃幕墙的外部是绿色庭院，同时后方的展区也有着充足的自然采光。

Lightcatcher at the Whatcom Museum, Bellingham, Washington, USA, 2009
A huge 11-metre-high wall of translucent glass curves throughout the centre for this museum in Bellingham, which Olson won a competition to design.
Wrapping around a courtyard on the outside, the glazed wall brings plenty of daylight to the exhibition rooms placed behind.

项目名称：JW Marriott Los Cabos海滨度假村与水疗中心
项目地点：墨西哥
项目时间：2015年

这位建筑师设计的第一座酒店有着面向大海的无边界泳池。

该项目位于海拔35英尺（106米）的沙丘之上，建筑主题是“沙漠会议海洋”， Olson的这座度假中心包含有一系列的滨水小径，建筑的外部覆盖着大地色石灰石、混凝土和抹灰。

JW Marriott Los Cabos Beach Resort and Spa, Puerto Los Cabos, Baja, Mexico, 2015
A pair of infinity pools appear to drop into the ocean from this holiday resort in Baja – the architect's first hotel.
The building is set at the top of a 35-foot-high (10.6-metre) dune with the ocean below. Themed as "desert meeting ocean", Olson's resort includes a series of terraced pathways that lead to the waterfront, which feature sandy-toned travertine cladding, concrete and stucco.

项目名称：Kirkland博物馆
项目地点：美国 科罗拉多州 丹佛
项目时间：在建

Kirkland博物馆的外立面覆盖着黄色的陶土砖，建筑位于美国科罗拉多州丹佛的博物馆区，展厅中展示出了30000件艺术品。

为了让户外空间充满活力，Olson将博物馆的尺度缩小，并且设置了13间展厅，让参观者在参观时“仿佛置身于花园之中”。

Kirkland Museum of Fine & Decorative Art, Denver, Colorado, USA, in progress
Yellow-hued terracotta tiles clad the exterior of the Kirkland Museum of Fine & Decorative in Denver's museum district, with vitrines mounted on the exterior to display works from its collection of over 30,000 pieces to passersby.
While making the outside "full of energy", Olson aimed to scale down the museum and its 13 galleries so that visitors "feel as if they are touring a grand home".

项目名称：悬崖住宅
项目地点：加拿大 不列颠哥伦比亚省
项目时间：2013年

该项目结合了厚重的混凝土墙和大面积开窗，这样这座位于加拿大Semiahmoo海湾的住宅能够尽享滨水景观，同时还能有效地减少周边道路与铁路的噪音。

Olson为其取名“悬崖住宅”，因为他设置了如山体般坚硬的混凝土墙体，住宅前侧南面的玻璃窗则如同设置于洞穴之中。

Cliff Dwelling, White Rock, British Columbia, Canada, 2013
A careful combination of thick concrete walls and huge windows are intended to provide this Canadian residence on the shore of Semiahmoo Bay with views of water and mountains, while also shielding noise from a nearby road and train track.
Olson named it Cliff Dwelling because he likens the way that the solid concrete wall runs along the rear and the glazing opens to the south-facing front to homes built in niches in caves.