墨西哥社会设计作品结合了社区背景、合作精神和本土材料
Social Design Work in Mexico Brings Community, Solidarity and Local Materials Together

由专筑网李韧，曹逸希编译

这个项目始于2015年的夏天，当时CHOPEkE Collective与团队内部活跃的研究者Paúl Pérez共同参观了Santa Luisa de Marillac社区，该社区位于Ciudad Juárez的中央外部区域。当时，社区成员们设定了一个所谓的“无用”空间，作为他们的日常会议活动场所。

This project emerged during the summer of 2015, when CHOPEkE Collective, together with Paúl Pérez, a seminarian and active member of the group, visited the community of Santa Luisa de Marillac, located in the central periphery of Ciudad Juárez. At the time, members of the community had an "unworthy" space -as they called it- for their meetings and spiritual activities.

在此之前，这个空间面积大约50平方米，通过改造形成用于祈祷的会议场所。但Paul是一位极富经验的建筑师，他敏锐地观察到当地人们的真实需求，并且同社区合作沟通了解决方案。

那么这便是这个教堂项目的起源，社区团队称之为“一个更适合与上帝沟通的场所”。教堂的成员们对于该项目的反应十分热烈，他们渴望希望留下更多共同信仰的伙伴。但由于缺乏资金，这仅仅只是个开始。

Previously, the space served as the main room of the house of approximately 50 square meters, which was modified to be used as a meeting space for prayer. As an architect with experience in the collective, Paul showed his sensitivity to see their needs and to find a way to work together with the community to solve their issues.
This is how the dream of having a larger chapel began to echo and, as the community said, "a more worthy place to meet with God." The active members of the church sought to welcome more people who had left because of the infrastructure limitations. Since there were no economic resources, this was just the beginning.

2015年1月，CHOPEkE Collective与社区团队共同提出了Santa Luisa de Marillac教堂的设计方案，当地人们欣赏接受，大家立刻组织共同拆除了原有的旧建筑，开始建造大家的共同梦想。经过了几次资金募集，6个月后，项目建设开始了，值得一提的是，从施工开始到最终完工，并没有花费过任何的人工费用，社区的人们共同合作，为新建筑贡献了自己的泪与汗。

这座小教堂是CHOPEkE Collective的第六个项目，主要服务于这个社会环境影响的社区系统。该项目的负责人是就职于Architecture Laboratory Basic的建筑师Juan Manuel Casillas Pintor，当地人尊称他为老师，同时也是亲密的合作伙伴。项目中所运用的施工技术都非常接地气，例如秸秆墙，这些墙体具有保温、耐用、经济、耐腐蚀的特点，并使用了诸如泥土、木头、石头等自然材料，再通过传统的施工技术来完成松木墙体的搭建。

屋面使用的是粘土秸秆系统，最后涂抹轻质灰浆和石灰混合而成的涂料。这样的体验在当前社会极少出现，这里的社区人群非常团结，不仅仅在于年轻人所贡献的劳动力，还在于老年人或家庭主妇为工人们准备好的食物与饮品以及精神支持。

In January 2015, CHOPEkE collective together with the community proposed the construction of a chapel dedicated to Santa Luisa de Marillac. The project was accepted with enthusiasm by all, who then proceeded without hesitation to start organizing the demolition of the previous structure to begin building their grand dream. After 6 months (in June 2015) and after several fund-raising activities, construction began. It's worth mentioning that from the start to finish of construction, not a single cent was paid for labor since it was the members of the community who provided their service and knowledge; all the hands, all the feet, and all the hearts that wanted to support the construction, were welcome.
The chapel, the sixth project by the collective, puts to the service of the community the rural system of high socio-environmental impact. This is following the practices they learned from the one they consider to be their teacher, friend, and ally, the architect Juan Manuel Casillas Pintor, from the Architecture Laboratory Basic. The project followed construction techniques using straw bale walls that are thermal, durable, cheap and resistant, as well as the use of natural materials from the region such as mud, wood, and stone, employing the ancestral technique of bahareque to finish the pine walls.
A clay straw system was used on the roof. The final finish was made with light mortar and paint made naturally with lime. This was a community experience that is rarely present in our society, where not only did support come in the form of the workforce, but also with food, drinks and spiritual support from the elderly or housewives who could not attend frequently.

CHOPEkE Collective的作品常常通过精神观念、社区团体来提升建筑内涵，同时在设计中以实际使用者的需求为出发点，考虑建筑细部的每个尺度。建筑师以Catholic Social Teaching哲学和当地的最不利因素为出发点，这样做的目的是尽量不要在项目中出现个人主义或消费精神，努力通过这一个项目，尽可能地满足大众的实际需求。

CHOPEkE Collective的项目总是充满了关怀与尊重，同时不断地为弱势群体争取尊严。该项目的一大特点是对于建筑的表达，这里是一个活动中心，同时也是社区的亲密场所，它兼具公共空间与家庭的性质，这些只有经历过的人才能真正理解，这来源于内心的认可与回忆。

The Collective always seeks to promote architecture through collaborative work from a spiritual perspective, in view of the community, its unity and solidarity, while recognizing that each project is taken on at a personal scale by those who will inhabit it. Always starting from the Catholic Social Teaching philosophy and the preferential treatment of the poorest and the Earth, the goal is to turn away from individualism and the consumerist mentality, in which those who have less are not recognized but rather, they are marginalized and displaced.
The CHOPEkE Collective mission always promotes care and respect, while tirelessly seeking to restore the dignity that has been taken from both the poor and the Earth. The main interest of the project and its reflection is the recognition of the house, which is at the heart of every activity as well as a place of recollection and intimacy that is simultaneously outside (the Common House, the Earth), and inside (the home); and which will only be experienced existentially as a dwelling that stems from recognition and recollection.

CHOPEkE Collective近期即将开始其第七个住宅项目，这个项目的建筑始于人类的活动，因为它拥有人类存在的痕迹，这是人们长久居住的家，这里应当拥有无尽的安全感。因此，建筑总是充满回忆，这是一个客观事实，因为建筑客观来说只是一个单纯的方盒子，是建筑师为其赋予了情怀与温度。人们在其中的活动便是日常生活，因此，住宅是人类活动的起源。

这便是发生在Santa Luisa de Marillac社区的故事，一群人为了梦想而打拼，这座建筑是社区合作精神的见证，如果你感到迷茫或空虚，那么这座建筑也许会为你带来一点启发。

CHOPEkE collective is about to begin its seventh housing project, where the house is seen as the beginning of all human activity, because it is the background from which man unfolds his existence, that is, the house is the place where man lives and therefore, it is the place where he takes refuge, feels safe and covered. Therefore, the house is a place of recollection. It is an objective reality (the house is a material structure, a place) and subjective (man makes a structure or place habitable). From the house the man projects his daily life which we call existence, hence, for that reason, we reiterate, it is the beginning of all activity.
This is how the community of Santa Luisa de Marillac took on and built what was for them, a dream, and which has become a testimony to community and solidarity, especially for those who still feel the impossibility of building grand dreams with empty hands.