比哈尔博物馆
The Bihar Museum / Maki and Associates + Opolis

由专筑网李韧，曹逸希编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：Maki and Associates事务所设计的比哈尔博物馆有着吸引人的空间和呼应场地的尺度，该项目看上去雄心勃勃。博物馆内收藏了来自该地区各式各样的物品，其中所展示的历史事件和空间仿佛在诉说着比哈尔当地的传奇过往。

Text description provided by the architects. Maki and Associates' design for the Bihar Museum creates an engaging and appropriately-scaled response to a prominent site and an ambitious, multi-faceted museum program. The Museum houses a rich variety of treasures from the region, and includes event and education spaces that nurture a newfound sense of pride and connection to Bihar’s storied history.

该项目的基地面积为5.3公顷，位于印度巴特那州Bailey公路的旁侧，同时建筑需要呼应周边的小尺寸建筑以及繁茂的树林。为了结合环境背景，建筑师将比哈尔博物馆设想为一座校园建筑，一座与景观相互结合、外部空间低调但却充满活力的建筑，该项目的不同区域都独立存在，并且在综合体中具有辨识度，这些区域通过室内外庭院、走廊相连接，确保建筑与周围景观保持联系，同时能够在全年保持舒适性。

The generous 5.3 hectare plot along Patna’s Bailey Road allowed for a variety of site planning approaches, while demanding sensitivity to its low-scale surroundings and prominent tree growth. In response to this context, Maki and Associates conceived the Bihar Museum as a “campus” - an interconnected landscape of buildings and exterior spaces that maintains a modest but dynamic profile, in harmony with existing site conditions. Each program zone (entrance / event, museum exhibition, administration, and children /　educational) has been given a distinct presence and recognizable form within the complex. These zones are linked together via interior and exterior courtyards and corridors, ensuring　that all spaces retain a connection to the surrounding landscape while remaining sheltered and comfortable throughout the year.

博物馆内自然环境为参观者带来丰富独特的体验，这种体验随时间与季节的变化而变化。建筑师希望参观者每次来到这里都能有不同的感受，并且希望这种与世界顶级展品接触的机会能为参观者带来精神熏陶，同时也对当地儿童和来自世界各地的游客都产生一定的教育作用。

This constant presence of the natural environment within the Museum “campus” creates a　rich, unique experience with each visit, one that changes with the time and seasons. It is hoped that this will encourage repeat visitors, and - together with world-class permanent and temporary exhibits - ensure that the Bihar Museum has a lasting educational impact for the children of Bihar and other visitors from across the world.

博物馆的外部运用了耐候钢板，这是一种使用广泛的持久性材料，这与其背景环境形成呼应，并且与周边的绿植形成对比。耐候钢板代表着印度地区在冶金方面的成就，也代表了这种钢铁工业的国际地位，这与比哈尔拥有丰富的自然资源有关。建筑外立面还结合有石材、陶土、玻璃幕墙，这些现代材料让比哈尔的未来与历史明确地联系在一起。

The Museum’s exterior is characterized by extensive use of weathering steel, a durable material that complements its context and creates a dignified contrast to the surrounding greenery. The weathering steel symbolizes India’s historical achievements in metallurgy as well as its current prominence within the international steel industry (of which Bihar’s rich natural resources have played a critical role). It is supplemented with stone, terracotta, and glass finishes - a modern material palette with clear connections to Bihar’s past and future.

该项目于2011年击败蓝天组、福斯特工作室、Snohetta建筑事务所、里伯斯金建筑事务所获得国际竞赛的冠军，建筑于2013年6月动工，于2017年10月竣工完成，展览装置的安装正在进行中，将于2018年完工。

The project was selected as the winner of an International competition in 2011 (other competitors were Coop Himmelblau, Norman Foster and Partners, Snohetta, and Studio Daniel Libeskind). The building began construction in June 2013 and was largely complete by October 2017. Exhibition installation is on-going and will be completed in 2018.

建筑设计：Maki and Associates, Opolis
地点：印度，比哈尔邦
面积：25410.0 ㎡
项目时间：2018年
摄影：Ariel Huber / EDIT images
制造商：Duravit, Hindware, Saint Gobain, VMZINC, Jaquar
Maki and Associates设计团队：Fumihiko Maki, Principal ; Tomoyoshi Fukunaga, Director; Michel van Ackere, Associate ; Tatsutomo Hasegawa, Associate; Hisashi Nakai; Yoshihiko Taira; Issei Horikoshi; Kiwon Kim
Opolis设计团队：Rahul Gore, Principal; Sonal Sancheti, Principal; Tejesh Patil, Project Architect; Rahul Lawhare; Swapnil Kangankar; Akul Modi
项目规划/总体规划/展览设计：Lord Cultural Resources (Mumbai / Toronto)
结构：Mahendra Raj Consultants Private Limited (New Dehli)
MEP：Design Bureau (Mumbai)
景观设计：Ohtori Consultants Inc. Environmental Design Institute (Osaka), Forethought Design Consultants (Pune)
照明设计：AWA Lighting Designers (Mumbai / New York)
总承包商：Larsen & Toubro Construction
客户：Department of Art, Culture, and Youth (DACY), Government of Bihar, India
场地面积：53,480 ㎡
屋面面积：19,716 ㎡

Architects: Maki and Associates, Opolis
Location: Patna, Bihar, India
Area: 25410.0 m2
Project Year: 2018
Photographs: Ariel Huber / EDIT images
Manufacturers: Duravit, Hindware, Saint Gobain, VMZINC, Jaquar
Maki and Associates team: Fumihiko Maki, Principal ; Tomoyoshi Fukunaga, Director; Michel van Ackere, Associate ; Tatsutomo Hasegawa, Associate; Hisashi Nakai; Yoshihiko Taira; Issei Horikoshi; Kiwon Kim
Opolis team: Rahul Gore, Principal; Sonal Sancheti, Principal; Tejesh Patil, Project Architect; Rahul Lawhare; Swapnil Kangankar; Akul Modi
Programming / Master Planning / Exhibition Design：Lord Cultural Resources (Mumbai / Toronto)
Structural: Mahendra Raj Consultants Private Limited (New Dehli)
MEP: Design Bureau (Mumbai)
Landscape: Ohtori Consultants Inc. Environmental Design Institute (Osaka), Forethought Design Consultants (Pune)
Lighting: AWA Lighting Designers (Mumbai / New York)
General Contractor: Larsen & Toubro Construction
Client: Department of Art, Culture, and Youth (DACY), Government of Bihar, India
Site area: 53,480 m2
Roof area: 19,716 m2