Buro Happold 和 Cookfox Architects 为鸟类和昆虫开发生活立面
Buro Happold and Cookfox Architects develop living facade for birds and insects

由专筑网澄镜之水，小R编译

英国工程公司 Buro Happold 和美国建筑工作室 Cookfox Architects 开发了一种陶土外墙系统原型，该系统可以容纳小型野生动物、昆虫、鸟类和植物。

模块化系统旨在为包括蜜蜂、鸟类和植物在内的野生动物提供在城市环境中在建筑物外墙中的繁衍空间。

“立面系统旨在支持在我们的城市环境中茁壮成长的多样化原生生态系统。它也具有教育意义。”Buro Happold 的合伙人 Andre Parnther 说。

“陶土屏风墙由标准化的堆叠模块制成，为可定制的陶土单元创建了一个框架，其中插入了微型栖息地，以适应本地动植物的类型，例如蜜蜂和鸟类，还有不同种类的植物。”

British engineering company Buro Happold and American architecture studio Cookfox Architects have developed a prototype for a terracotta facade system that can house small wildlife, insects, birds and plants.
The modular system aims to provide wildlife including bees, birds and plants space to thrive on the facades of buildings in urban environments.
"The facade system is designed to support the diverse native ecosystem that thrive in our urban environments. It is also educational," said Buro Happold associate Andre Parnther.
"The terracotta screen wall is made with standardized stacking modules that create a framework for customizable terracotta units with micro-habitat pods inserted to suit the type of native fauna or flora: bees and birds, for example, and different kinds of plants," he told Dezeen.


▲ 立面原型由 Buro Happold 和 Cookfox Architects 创建
The facade prototype was created by Buro Happold and Cookfox Architects

立面系统由 Parnther、Buro Happold 立面工程师 Spring Wu 和 Cookfox Architects 高级助理 Spencer Lapp 为 2021 年建筑陶瓷组件研讨会创建，建筑师和立面工程师的年度研究研讨会，旨在探索赤土在立面设计中的使用。

参加研究研讨会的 Parnther、Lapp 和 Wu 开发了镶嵌在雕塑陶土外墙面板内的滑铸豆荚镶嵌系统。

The facade system was created by Parnther, Buro Happold facade engineer Spring Wu and Cookfox Architects senior associate Spencer Lapp for the 2021 Architectural Ceramic Assemblies Workshop – an annual research workshop for architects and facade engineers to explore the use of terracotta in facade design.
Parnther, Lapp and Wu, who attended the research workshop, developed the tessellating system of slip cast pods set within sculptural terracotta facade panels.


▲ 它旨在容纳鸟类、昆虫和植物
It was designed to house birds, insects and plants

每个单独的模块都有一个雕塑般的箭头形状，由三个尖头和圆形开口组成，可以安装嵌套豆荚，为野生动物提供立面下方的可居住空间。

陶瓷模块以蓝色和白色的色调上釉，并覆盖有装饰性的脊状表面，当它们以镶嵌形式固定在一起时，在建筑物的正面形成波纹和纹理图案。

Each individual module has a sculptural, arrow-like shape comprised of three prongs and circular openings that can be fitted with nesting pods to provide wildlife with inhabitable space beneath the surface of the facade.
The ceramic modules were glazed in hues of blue and white and covered in decorative ridged surfaces to create rippling and textural patterns across facades of buildings when fixed together in their tessellating formation.


▲ 该系统由陶土制作而成
The system was made from terracotta

三个不同的吊舱空间得以设计，目的是容纳植物、蜜蜂，以及一些鸟类，它们可以用螺栓固定在赤土陶器系统的底部。

专门用于鸟类的吊舱有大约 2 厘米宽的开口，内部呈圆形，深度充足，可为鸟类提供舒适的筑巢空间。四个通风孔贯穿豆荚的侧面，为巢穴内部提供气流。

燕窝的尺寸刚好用于安置山蓝鸟、大冠鹟、簇绒山雀、树燕和山雀。

芦苇被装在带有 7 厘米宽开口的豆荚中，这些开口足以容纳授粉蜜蜂，并为众多物种筑巢和繁殖创造空间。

4 毫米宽的巢穴为蚜虫狩猎黄蜂提供空间，6 毫米宽的巢穴服务于夏季切叶蜂和较小的树脂蜜蜂，而8 毫米宽的巢穴则适用于诸如树脂蜜蜂和泥草黄蜂等其他昆虫。

Three different pod attachments were constructed to house plants, bees and birds, which can be bolted to the underside of the terracotta systems.
Pods dedicated to birds have approximately two-centimetre-wide openings with a rounded interior and ample depth to provide birds with comfortable nesting space. Four vent holes punctuate the sides of the pod to provide airflow to the interior of the nest.
The measurements of the bird's nest pods were considered specifically to house Mountain Bluebirds, Great Crested Flycatcher, Tufted Titmouse, Tree Swallow, and Chickadees.
Reeds were packed within pods with seven-centimetre-wide openings that were designed to house pollinating bees and create spaces for numerous species to nest and populate.
Four-millimetre-wide nesting holes provide space for aphid-hunting wasps, six-millimetre for summer leafcutter and smaller resin bees and eight-millimetre-wide holes for other insects like resin bees and mud and grass-carrying wasps.


▲ 立面系统由镶嵌模块组成
The facade system comprised of tessellating modules

“我们正在寻找将亲生物设计融入项目的方法，并希望将绿色屋顶、鸟类栖息地和蜜蜂栖息地的主题结合到项目中，从而创建一个迷你生态系统。”Parnther 说。

“Cookfox 办公室有一个绿色屋顶，其中有一个蜂巢，Spencer 作为养蜂人。因此，在我们的项目概念中很早就包含了一个单独的蜜蜂栖息地。”

植物荚原型具有用于种植的底座，以及设置在土壤袋下方的水库，它们通过灯芯连接，满足绿色植物的灌溉需求， 由于含水量高，该吊舱设计有釉面，确保水不会被材料吸收。

一个物理原型让该团队构建了 24 个模块，其中包括四个植物荚、四个鸟荚和三个蜜蜂荚。

"We were looking at ways to incorporate biophilic design into our project and wanted to combine the themes of a green roof, bird habitat and bee habitat into our project, thus creating a mini ecosystem," said Parnther.
"The Cookfox office has a green roof which features a bee hive with Spencer serving as beekeeper. So the inclusion of a bee habitat for solitary bees was incorporated pretty early in our concept for the project."
Plant pod prototypes feature a socket for planting as well as a reservoir set below the soil pocket, which are connected by a wick allowing greenery to self-water. The pod was designed with a glazed finish as a result of its high water content, to ensure that water is not absorbed by the material.
A physical prototype saw the team construct 24 modules that comprised four plant pods, four bird pods and three bee pods.


▲ 渲染图详细表达了模块化生活立面原型中的建筑
Renders detail a building clad in the modular living facade prototype

“Buro Happold 和 Cookfox 有许多共同目标，其中一个目标是创造支持可持续发展的创新、持久的想法。”Parnther 说。

“将建筑物、屋顶和地面用作野生动物栖息地是人类及其生态系统长期健康的重要组成部分。它是 LEED 和生活建筑认证等的一部分。我们发现我们可以将其应用到城市生态空间以及整体建筑环境之中。”

2022 年初，建筑工作室 BIG 在瑞典拉普兰的 Treehotel 展示了一套树屋酒店套房，周围环绕着 350 个鸟舍。 在 Dezeen 与生态学家和建筑师谈论由反光和玻璃外墙引起的大规模屠杀鸟类之后，这一消息随之而来。

图片版权：Architectural Ceramic Assemblies工作室和 Buro Happold

"Buro Happold and Cookfox share a number of goals, and one is to create innovative, lasting ideas that support sustainability," said Parnther
"The use of buildings, rooftops and grounds as wildlife habitat is an essential part of long-term health for people and their ecosystems. It is a part of LEED and Living Building certifications, among others. We're finding there is much more we can do in terms of ecological restoration in our cities and built environments generally."
Earlier in 2022, architecture studio BIG revealed a treehouse hotel suite at the Treehotel in Swedish Lapland that is surrounded by 350 birdhouses. This news followed after Dezeen spoke to ecologists and architects about the mass slaughter of birds caused by reflective and glass-facades.
Photography is courtesy of Architectural Ceramic Assemblies Workshop and Buro Happold.