Alonso & Crippa在Buenos Aires翻新空间紧凑的城市住宅
Alonso & Crippa renovates compact urban dwelling in Buenos Aires
由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译
阿根廷工作室Alonso＆Crippa对Buenos Aires一个高档区的百年历史砖砌建筑进行了改造，其中增加了新的开洞和纯白的楼梯。
New apertures and an all-white stairwell are among the modifications made by Argentine studio Alonso & Crippa to a two-storey, century-old brick building in a gentrifying district in Buenos Aires.
这个名为“PH Thames”的项目位于Palermo Viejo，这是一个历史悠久的社区，以20世纪早期的小型建筑物为主。长久以来这里都是居住区域，该地区现在正处于重大转型期。
The project, called PH Thames, is located in Palermo Viejo – a historic neighbourhood that is dominated by small, brick buildings dating to the early 20th century. Long a residential district, the area is now in the midst of a major transformation.
在许多建筑物中，面向主要街道的地面空间已用作商店、餐馆和办公室等功能。住宅当前主要占据较高的楼层或大型城市街区的内部区域。
In many buildings, ground-level spaces facing major streets have been taken over by shops, restaurants and offices. Residences now occupy upper floors or the inner areas of large urban blocks.
“在过去的几十年中，部分城市逐渐转型，另一部分则将纯粹的居民区改造成了文化和商业区，同时保持其低密度。”当地建筑事务所的Alonso＆Crippa解释说，该事务所由建筑师Mariano Alonso和Ludmila Crippa于2010年创建。
"In the last decades, this part of the city has faced a process of gentrification and intense transformation of its uses, turning a purely residential neighbourhood into a cultural and commercial one, while maintaining its low density," said Alonso & Crippa, a local studio founded in 2010 by architects Mariano Alonso and Ludmila Crippa.
对于PH Thames项目来说，其中的“PH”代表“水平建筑”，建筑师的任务是将位于小型内部道路上的20世纪20年代的住宅进行翻新。这座110平方米的住宅由两层区域围绕中心空间而形成。
For the PH Thames project – PH stands for "horizontal property" – the architects were tasked with renovating a 1920s home that is situated off a small, internal road. The 110-square-metre residence consists of two levels organised around a central void.
这是一个探索新型生活体验的机会，可以体验“隐退于街道上，与另一种景观互动并接触的感觉，建筑拥有进深感，屋顶、露台、家庭花园以及天空的景观交相辉映”。
The commission presented an opportunity to explore a new type of living experience, one that would "withdraw from street interactions and be in contact with another kind of landscape, one in which very deep constructions, non-passable roofs, service terraces and domestic gardens get along with the constant presence of the sky", the team said.
该住宅多年来已经经历了多次改造，甚至增加一层新楼层。各项改造措施让建筑空间“垂直错位，空间组织复杂，甚至减少了自然光和通风”。
The property had already undergone multiple transformations over the years, including the addition of a new floor above the ground level. The interventions resulted in "a dislocated vertical circulation, a complex spatial organisation, and a covered patio that reduced natural light and ventilation".
建筑师并没有扩大居室空间，而是最大程度地连接室外场所。为了保持白色墙壁的连续性，并反射自然光，建筑师通过色彩与材质进行空间限定，并对现有的窗户进行了修改，让开窗比例来源于一定的模数。
Rather than enlarge the one-bedroom dwelling, the architects sought to redefine connections and maximise outdoor space. A restrained palette of colours and materials was used in order to maintain the continuity of the white walls and to reflect natural light. Existing windows were modified, and new ones were created – all using proportions based on the square root of two.
“每个窗户都有特定的功能，要么框景，要么聚合光线，要么通风，要么创建室内外连接。”建筑师说。
最大的改动是位于住宅一侧的纯白色楼梯间。这是为了定义“建筑的新立面”。
“立面重新考虑了构图与外观之间的关系，通过组织一系列不同的比例尺寸，解决了不同情况下照明、通风以及内外空间物理或视觉连接问题。”
"Each window has a specific condition – either to frame a view of the exterior, to incorporate light, to provide ventilation or to create an interior-exterior connection," the architects said.
One of the biggest modifications was the creation of an all-white stairwell that flanks one side of the home. The staircase is meant to define the "new envelope of the house".
"The envelope allows to rethink the dialectic between view and facade, by organising a series of spans of different but proportional sizes, which solve in each case the problems of lighting, ventilation and a physical or visual connection between inside and outside," the architects said.
在一层，设计团队彻底改变了几十年来已成为厨房一部分的庭院。该团队将露台恢复到原来的使用状态，添加了盆栽蕨类植物，以及由木梁、铝和玻璃制成的天花板。大型滑动玻璃门结合木制框架，并重新利用家里的原有地面。
On the ground level, the team overhauled the courtyard, which over the decades had become part of the kitchen. The team "returned the patio to its original use", adding potted ferns and a ceiling made of wooden beams, aluminium and glass. A large sliding glass door is framed with wood that was repurposed from the home's original flooring.
在二层，团队将一个小阳台连接到卧室，并结合一扇折叠门，在此之前的露台与卧室没有任何联系。此外，阳台的高度略低，这意味着团队不得不重新设计它。
“从卧室无法走到庭院。”建筑师解释说，“我们所做的就是把阳台抬高，再通过玻璃门将二者联系起来。”
On the first level, the team connected a small terrace to the bedroom and inserted a folding door. The terrace formerly wasn't linked to the bedroom. Moreover, it was slightly lower than the first floor, meaning the team had to lift it up.
"It wasn't possible to go from the bedroom to the patio," the architects explained. "What we did was take the patio level up, and create a new door that connects the bedroom with this intimate patio."
屋顶经过改造形成户外起居室，配有休息室家具和厨房。该团队还添加了天窗，将自然光线带入家中。在最高的露台上使用者可以看到周边被翠绿树冠所环绕的美景。
The roof was converted into an outdoor living room, complete with lounge furniture and a kitchen. The team also added a "sky window" that brings natural light down through the home. The elevated deck offers sweeping views of the neighbourhood, including its verdant tree canopies.
所有的户外区域，加上新的视野和丰富的自然光线，使改造后的住宅相比以往更加宽敞。
“尽管建筑不大，但开口的布置可以让人们看到空间的进深，并从外部感受到内部的空间形态。”建筑师说。
摄影：Javier Agustín Rojas
All of the outdoor areas, combined with the new apertures and abundance of natural light, make the refurbished home feel larger than it is.
"Despite the small surface, the arrangement of the openings allows deep perspectives and a framed perception of the outside from all its insides," the studio said.
Photography is by Javier Agustín Rojas.
项目信息：
建筑设计：Mariano Alonso, Ludmila Crippa
项目团队：Pablo Galicer, Agustín Azar, Joaquín Berdes, Naomi Garay, Génesis Pestana, Alice Volpi, Giulia Brena
Project credits:
Designers: Mariano Alonso, Ludmila Crippa
Team: Pablo Galicer, Agustín Azar, Joaquín Berdes, Naomi Garay, Génesis Pestana, Alice Volpi, Giulia Brena
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