波兰环形幼儿园
Kindergarten / Biuro Toprojekt

由专筑网李韧，吴静雅编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：学前教育是人类发展的重要阶段之一，因此建筑师应该更加关注此过程的空间质量。孩子们需要重视对待，并且其室内空间应当尽量色彩丰富一些。孩童阶段，他们的心理较为敏感，因此这时候对于建筑师的要求也很高。

Text description provided by the architects. Pre-school education is one of the most important stages in human development, so we should carefully care for the quality of space in which this process takes place. Children cannot be underestimated and serve only colored interiors. A child is a serious, sensitive recipient who puts the highest demands on the designer.





这座建筑位于波兰Żory郊区的Kleszczówka中心，其周边主要是单户家庭建筑。再广泛而言，便是四个街区的小型社区。在这样的环境之中，这座幼儿园便成为了全新的空间。

A five-branch kindergarten was established in the center of Kleszczówka district in the suburbs of Żory. The immediate environment is dominated by chaotic single-family buildings. A little further you can meet small clusters of four blocks. In this environment, the kindergarten is the space and new quality.



建筑有着不规则的形态，这类似于三角形，目的是成为了现有学校的学前设施，原有建筑有着两层的设计空间，看起来较为扁平，但是也留下了室外活动场所。相反而言，建筑师在新建筑中应用了有着圆角的单层建筑，增大了建筑密度，但是考虑到室外活动，建筑师巧妙地应用了屋顶平台。

A small parcel of an irregular shape similar to a triangle intended for the construction of a pre-school segment at an existing school, imposed rather two-story solutions, although a little overwhelming, but leaving a little space for the playground. Instead, we decided to have a one-story building with rounded corners, which filled almost all of the possible surface, and for the outdoor play, we designed a large roof terrace.







考虑到室内的采光，建筑师在中央设置了长方形中庭，阳光、雨水、雪花都能来到这里。

开放式钢楼梯让孩子们能够从中庭来到屋面上。流线型木制露台中央有着两座圆形绿岛，孩子们可以在这里玩耍。在露台外部，屋顶表面覆盖着观赏性植物，只是在施工期间，场地外部的几棵老树木无法保留下来，这会将露台部分遮蔽，而新的树木需要在几年之后才能种植。

To provide access to daylight to all rooms and communication spaces, we put a rectangular atrium into the center of the kindergarten, a piece of the outside world into which snow and rainfall and constantly changing sunlight.
Openwork, steel stairs can get from the atrium to the roof. A streamlined, wood-covered terrace with two circular islands of green in the middle encourages children to run on more and more tracks. Outside the terrace, the roof surface is covered with ornamental grasses. It is a pity that during the construction it was not possible to keep old acacias at the border of the plot, which would partly shade the terrace. You will have to wait for a few years for new trees.



建筑由圆角三角形和不规则混凝土穿孔墙体组合而成。矿棉的应用使得垂直木板的温度得以升高，而墙体保持线性流动。

A triangle with rounded corners and irregular perforation of concrete walls. The mineral wool enabled precise warming of the vertical planks. The wall line remains fluid.



钢筋混凝土墙体结合有热交换器和加热系统配合使用。矿棉在夏天还能起到一定的保护作用。在隔热层中，水分会留下痕迹，然后会被排到室外。这种裂痕对于加热有着不同的影响。而羊毛是一种不易燃材料，可将火灾风险降到最低。

Reinforced concrete walls work with heat exchanger and heating systems. Mineral wool protects during the summer. Moisture, which could trace in the thermal insulation layer, is discharged to the outside. This slit has a different effect on overheating. Wool as a completely non-flammable material reduces the fire risk to a minimum.



钢筋混凝土墙体和地面热交换器、加热、通风系统完美配合，构成了优质的温度补偿体系。矿棉的作用就在于减少外部热量的消耗，亦或是减少夏日过于强烈的日光的吸收。

Reinforced concrete walls work perfectly with a ground heat exchanger and heating and ventilation systems, constituting an excellent heat and cold compensator. Mineral wool protects the building from the loss of energy outside and its excessive acquisition during the summer.





垂直面板的覆层同样应用于外部墙体。墙体与屋面看起来形态自然，周围的树木、草丛也自然生长。建筑的功能与使用年限对于建筑师和日后的使用者也相当重要。

The cladding of the vertical boards has also been covered with external walls. The walls and roof will naturally grow old, the trees grow and the grass will thicken. The functioning and aging of a building in the perspective of years is also for us - and perhaps even more - important from its appearance at the time of putting into use.





三座圆形岛屿都呈流线型，并且覆盖着木制面板。在露台之外，屋顶表面覆盖着观赏性植物。旧建筑没有必要保留下来，因为这会让露台形成投影。但是需要过几年才能种植新植物。该项目当前已经提名2019年欧洲密斯奖。

A streamlined, wood-covered terrace with three circular islands. Outside the terrace, the roof surface is covered with ornamental grasses. It is not possible to keep the old building, which would be some of the shades of the terrace. You will have to wait for a few years for new trees. The project has received numerous awards and is nominated for EU Mies award 2019.























建筑设计：Biuro Toprojekt
地点：波兰
主创建筑师：Marek Wawrzyniak, Karol Wawrzyniak
设计团队：Alina Kudla, Katarzyna Mazurek, Izabela Groborz-Musik
面积：1060.0 m2
项目时间：2017年
摄影：Juliusz Sokołowski, Wojciech Bęczarski
制造商：Roxul

Architects: Biuro Toprojekt
Location: Żory, Poland
Lead Architects: Marek Wawrzyniak, Karol Wawrzyniak
Design Team: Alina Kudla, Katarzyna Mazurek, Izabela Groborz-Musik
Area: 1060.0 m2
Project Year: 2017
Photographs: Juliusz Sokołowski, Wojciech Bęczarski
Manufacturers: Roxul