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Who is Arata Isozaki? 20 Things to Know About the 2019 Pritzker Laureate

由专筑网李韧，王雪纯编译

2019年普利兹克建筑奖获得者矶崎新设计了100多个实际项目，人们能够凭此很好地理解他的人生理念和设计内涵。矶崎新是第一位在全球范围内进行设计工作的建筑师，他关注每个项目背后的具体需求，强调作品的特殊性，同时结合传统和高端技术。

下文列举20个让你更好地了解矶崎新的信息。

The prolific and varied career of 2019 Pritzker Laureate Arata Isozaki, which includes more than 100 works built on virtually every continent, gives us a huge amount of facts that are relevant to understanding his life and architecture. Considered the first Japanese architect to develop his work on a truly global scale, Isozaki took special care to respond to the context and the specific requirements of each project, expanding the heterogeneity of his work and resulting in a variety of styles from vernacular to high tech.
See below 20 fascinating facts that illuminate his particular genius:


Team Disney Building (1991). Image © Xinai Liang

1、二战对矶崎新的建筑观产生了很大的影响。他12岁时，广岛与长崎遭遇原子弹的轰炸，因此他意识到建筑的时间性，同时也认识到居住体验的重要性。[1]

2、1987年普利兹克建筑奖得主丹下健三对矶崎新的事业生涯起到了重要影响。[1]在大学毕业之后，矶崎新跟着丹下健三学习了9年，后来在1963年，矶崎新建立了自己的建筑事务所Arata Isozaki & Associates。[6]

3、矶崎新是日本先锋建筑师，其作品遍布全球，其中有1986年的洛杉矶当代艺术博物馆、1991年弗罗里达迪士尼中的建筑作品。[9]

1. The Second World War had an important influence on his early vision of architecture. At the age of 12, Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombarded, fostering in him the idea of the temporality of architecture and the importance of 'pleasing' its users while they move through and experience it in their own time. [1]
2. His career began under the teachings of the 1987 Pritzker Prize, Laureate Kenzo Tange. [1] After university, Isozaki continued an apprenticeship with Tange for nine years before establishing his own firm in 1963, Arata Isozaki & Associates. [6]
3. Isozaki was a pioneer among Japanese architects when working on projects outside of his native country, designing for example the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles (1986) and the Team Disney Building in Florida (1991). [9]


Concept of 'Ma'. Image © PLANE SITE

4、矶崎新在60年内设计了超过100座建筑，这些建筑遍布日本、西班牙、美国、中国、意大利、卡塔尔等地。[1]

5、矶崎新善于通过丝网印刷和热敏打印等方式来表达建筑。[3]

6、矶崎新在作品中引入“Ma”的概念，这种概念定义了个体之间的中介空间，他说：“在空间之间、声音之间，有着沉静的部分，这部分就是Ma。空间很重要，中介空间更重要。” [5]

4. Isozaki has built more than 100 architectural projects in 6 decades, including important public and cultural buildings in Japan, Spain, USA, China, Italy, Qatar, among many others around the world. [1]
5. He was a proponent and pioneer of architectural representation through the medium of silkscreen and thermal prints. [3]
6. Isozaki included in his work the concept of 'Ma', which defines the intermediate spaces between the objects: "In-between space, sound and sound, there are silences apart, pauses. That's called Ma. Space is important; in-between space is more important", he says. [5]


City in the Air (1962). Image © The Pritzker Architecture Prize

7、矶崎新的作品与城市主义结合，比如他1962年其在日本东京的一个名为“空中城市”的项目。该项目将“高层建筑、住宅、交通体系悬挂在城市之上，从而呼应城市化的迅速发展”。[1]

7. His work also integrated urbanism, developing in 1962 the futuristic project 'City in the Air' for the Shinjuku neighborhood in Tokyo, Japan. The project integrates "elevated layers of buildings, residences and transportation suspended above the aging city below, in response to the rapid rate of urbanization". [1]


Osaka Demonstration Robot (1970). Image via Cyberneticzoo.com

8、矶崎新的作品跨越各个学科，其中包括城市设计、时装设计、平面设计、家具设计、舞台设计，他甚至还是作家、评论家、建筑竞赛评委，常常与艺术家合作。[6]

9、他还为1970年大阪世博会设计了机器人，主要用于交通。这座机器人放置在丹下健三设计的庆典广场中的空间框架之下。[4]

8. Isozaki's work was always interdisciplinary: in addition to urban design, he worked on the design of fashions, graphics, furniture and set design, as well as writer, critic, jury of architectural competitions, and collaborator with artists. [6]
9. He also designed the Osaka Demonstration Robot for 1970 Osaka Expo, used for transportation. It was housed under Kenzo Tange's Festival Plaza space frame. [4]


Palladium Discotheque. Image © Timothy Hursley

10、在70至80年代，矶崎新与第三位妻子Aiko Miyawaki，一位日本雕塑家 (1929-2014)合作，其雕塑理念与矶崎新的创新集合形态融为一体。[6]

11、矶崎新在1979年至1984年间，成为普利兹克建筑奖的第一代评审团成员。[1]

12、在1985年，1995年的普利兹克建筑奖获得者安藤忠雄认为矶崎新是“日本建筑大王”，因为矶崎新有着巨大的影响力。[8]

13、同样是1985年，矶崎新在纽约完成了迪斯科舞厅的室内设计，该项目是“建筑内部的建筑”。这家舞厅曾经是一座剧院，后来改造为名人聚会场所，麦当娜也曾经在此聚会。该建筑于1998年拆除。[7]

10. During the 70s and 80s, Isozaki worked recurrently with his third wife, the Japanese sculptor Aiko Miyawaki (1929-2014), who somehow soaked his works of innovative geometric shapes. [6]
11. Isozaki was a member of the first generation of juries of the Pritzker Prize, between 1979 and 1984. [1]
12. Due to its impact and global influence, in 1985, Tadao Ando, 1995 Pritzker Prize Laureate, called Isozaki "the Emperor of Japanese Architecture". [8]
13. Also in 1985, Isozaki also developed the redesign of interiors of the famous Discotheque Palladium, in New York, as a 'building inside a building'. The nightclub, formerly a ruined theater, became the site of incredible celebrity parties, including Madonna. It was demolished in 1998. [7]


Groundscaper Typology: 'Tokyo’s New City Hall' Competition Entry (1985). Image via Genericarchitecture.tumblr.com

14、矶崎新还于1986年获得了英国RIBA金质奖章，并且于1996年获得意大利威尼斯建筑双年展金狮奖。[1]

15、矶崎新的“Groundscaper”类型概念贯穿其整个职业生涯，他认为，当一座摩天大楼“躺下”，建筑的“震撼力”会大大下降，从而看起来更加“低调谦和”。[6]

14. Among many other important awards, he won the RIBA Gold Medal for Architecture in 1986 (United Kingdom) and the Gold Lion of the Venice Architectural Biennale, as commissioner of Japanese Pavilion, in 1996 (Italy). [1]
15. Throughout his career, Isozaki frequently resorted to the typology of "Groundscaper", since according to him, the fact of 'lying down' a skyscraper dissipates its 'intimidating power', becoming more 'serene and humble'. [6]


Ark Nova / Arata Isozaki + Anish Kapoor. Image © Ark Nova 2011

16、他对20世纪的拉丁美洲革新很感兴趣，尤其是Cuba和Che Guevara。矶崎新曾经甚至戴着星星图案的贝雷帽。[2]

17、矶崎新认为南半球都是少数民族。这也是他非常重视文化建筑的原因，同时也表达了他对于全球化的质疑。[2]

18、2011年，矶崎新与艺术家Anish Kapoor合作，开发了充气体系Ark Nova，该体系用于举办琉森音乐节。[10]

16. He was very interested in Latin American revolutions of the twentieth century, especially that of Cuba and the figure of Che Guevara. Isozaki even used to wear a beret with a star. [2]
17. Isozaki thinks that in the southern hemisphere all are minorities. That’s why he greatly values the architecture linked to the culture to which it belongs, demonstrating his doubts regarding the effectiveness of globalization. [2]
18. In 2011, together with the artist Anish Kapoor, Isozaki developed the inflatable structure Ark Nova, to host Lucerne festival. [10]


© The Pritzker Architecture Prize

19、他的艺术影响来源于不同艺术作品，其中有Borromini 和Schinkel的文艺复兴及古典主义建筑，也有Constantin Brancuşi’的Infinite Column和Isamu Noguchi的雕塑作品，另外还包括Louis I. Kahn的拱顶。[6]

20、关于建筑风格，他认为：“我的特点是我所创造的各种不同元素，这不仅仅是一种独立的风格，而是根据实际状况与环境而设计的作品，建筑风格成为了项目的解决策略。每一次的设计都不同。”[5]

19. His artistic influences are very varied, from the Renaissance and classical architecture of Borromini and Schinkel, to the Constantin Brancuşi’s Infinite Column and the sculptural work of Isamu Noguchi, including the Louis I. Kahn’s use of the cannon vault. [6]
20. In relation to his identity and architectural style, he states: "My identity is that every time I like to create a difference. Not in one single style, but also always according to the situation, according to the environment; an architectural style as a solution. Every time it's different". [5]


© The Pritzker Architecture Prize

参考文献：

[1] 媒体公布2019年普里茨克建筑奖.
[2] 来自中国的智利建筑师Abel Erazo的信息分享，Abel Erazo曾经与矶崎新合作2006年东京21世纪奥利匹克项目的Hakata Bay Model，其他合作人员为Taishi Watanabe、Kai Beck、Eijiro saiga、Hitomi Fukuyoshi、Mai Watanabe.
[3] Matthew Allen. “矶崎新与隐藏技术人员.” 加拿大建筑中心 (CCA). 2016.
<https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/issues/4/origins-of-the-digital/40596/arata-isozaki-and-the-invisible-technicians>
[4] “1970 – Expo’70 大阪机器人 – 矶崎新(日本)” 2011年11月31日.
<http://cyberneticzoo.com/robots/1970-expo70-osaka-demonstration-robot-arata-isozaki-japanese/>
[5] Lindsey Leardi. "矶崎新的 "Ma," 中介空间的日本概念" 2017年11月5日. ArchDaily.
<https://www.archdaily.com/882896/arata-isozaki-on-ma-the-japanese-concept-of-in-between-space/> ISSN 0719-8884
[6] Steffen Lehmann. “矶崎新的作品重视：60年与4阶段”. 2017年7月7日. MDPI.
<https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0752/6/3/10>
[7] AD 编辑团队. "聚焦：丹下健三" 2017年9月4日. ArchDaily.
<https://www.archdaily.com.br/br/624403/em-foco-arata-isozaki> ISSN 0719-8884
[8] Joseph Giovanniniaug. “矶崎新：来自日本的国际建筑师”. 1986年8月17日.
<https://www.nytimes.com/1986/08/17/magazine/arata-isozaki-from-japan-a-new-wave-of-international-architects.html>
[9] Edan Corkill. “矶崎新：设计的震慑力”. 2018年6月1日.
<https://apjjf.org/-Edan-Corkill/2777/article.html>
[10] Eric Baldwin. "世界第一座充气音乐厅位于日本" 2013年10月1日. ArchDaily.
<https://www.archdaily.com/433776/world-s-first-inflatable-concert-hall-opening-in-japan/> ISSN 0719-8884

[1] 2019 Pritzker Architecture Prize Media Kit. Media Release Announcing the 2019 Laureate.
[2] Facts shared gently by Abel Erazo, chilean architect based in China, with whom Arata worked in the Hakata Bay Model for 21st Century Olympic Project (2006, Tokyo), with Taishi Watanabe, Kai Beck, Eijiro saiga, Hitomi Fukuyoshi, and Mai Watanabe.
[3] Matthew Allen. “Arata Isozaki and the Invisible Technicians.” Canadian Center of Architecture (CCA). 2016. <https://www.cca.qc.ca/en/issues/4/origins-of-the-digital/40596/arata-isozaki-and-the-invisible-technicians>
[4] “1970 – Expo’70 Osaka Demonstration Robot – Arata Isozaki (Japanese)” November 31th, 2011. <http://cyberneticzoo.com/robots/1970-expo70-osaka-demonstration-robot-arata-isozaki-japanese/>
[5] Lindsey Leardi. "Arata Isozaki on "Ma," the Japanese Concept of In-Between Space" 05 Nov 2017. ArchDaily. <https://www.archdaily.com/882896/arata-isozaki-on-ma-the-japanese-concept-of-in-between-space/> ISSN 0719-8884
[6] Steffen Lehmann. “Reappraising the Visionary Work of Arata Isozaki: Six Decades and Four Phases”. 7 July 2017. MDPI. <https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0752/6/3/10>
[7] AD Editorial Team. "Spotlight: Kenzō Tange" 04 Sep 2017. ArchDaily. <https://www.archdaily.com.br/br/624403/em-foco-arata-isozaki> ISSN 0719-8884
[8] Joseph Giovanniniaug. “Arata Izozaki: From Japan a New Wave of International Architects”. August 17th, 1986. <https://www.nytimes.com/1986/08/17/magazine/arata-isozaki-from-japan-a-new-wave-of-international-architects.html>
[9] Edan Corkill. “Isozaki Arata: Astonishing by Design”. June 1, 2018. <https://apjjf.org/-Edan-Corkill/2777/article.html>
[10] Eric Baldwin. "World's First Inflatable Concert Hall Opening in Japan" 01 Oct 2013. ArchDaily. <https://www.archdaily.com/433776/world-s-first-inflatable-concert-hall-opening-in-japan/> ISSN 0719-8884