Narva Study Centre of the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences / 3+1 Architects

由专筑网小R编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：这座建筑的主要设计理念是融入周围的环境，因此也给爱沙尼亚纳瓦尔城市带来了全新的环境，建筑理念由两个部分组成，首先是建筑类型与位置之间的联系，另外则是建筑严格统一的构成和灵活变换的景观的对比。

Text description provided by the architects. The main idea of the building was to fit into the surrounding environment, also creating a completely new context for the city of Narva. The architectural concept consists of two parts. The first deals with the connection between the typology and the location of the building, and the second with the form in which the strict uniform structure of the building and the contrasting flexible change of the landscape meet.









这座学习中心对于爱沙尼亚全国，以及纳尔瓦城市、特定的教育机构都有着明确的象征意义，除了国内安全和区域政策，这座建筑还闻名于建筑师特别的构思策略，这是一座大型木材建筑，也是一座混凝土建筑。

The study center bears a symbolic significance to the Republic of Estonia, the city of Narva and to the given educational institutions. In addition to its relevance in terms of internal security and regional policy, it is also notable for its unique solutions – it is simultaneously a large-scale timber construction and a concrete building.



在建筑竞赛结果公布之后不久，建筑师就明确了建筑的主要挑战，那便是在应用木材的同时，保证满足消防安全需求，另外，木材的应用对于安全科学院来说也有一定的象征意义，因为他们近期完成了一项应用研究，为爱沙尼亚的消防安全条例的修正奠定了基础，也为大型公共建筑的木材应用提供了解决策略。

Soon after the architecture competition results were announced and the design process was begun, it was clear that our main challenge would be ensuring the fire safety requirements of the timber construction. On the other hand, using timber also had a symbolic meaning for the Academy of Security Sciences, as they had recently completed an applied research that formed the basis for long-awaited amendments to fire safety regulations in Estonia, providing constructional solutions for erecting large-scale public timber buildings.



爱沙尼亚纳尔瓦安全科学研究中心一座拥有公共功能的教育机构，也是使用者的临时居所，因此建筑既要有代表性，又要有舒适性，虽然这是一座“准军事”机构建筑，但是它也与周围的建筑完美地融合在一起。

As the Narva Study Centre of the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences is an educational institution with public functions as well as a temporary home for its residents, the building needed to have both a dignified and a cosy feel. Although a building of a “paramilitary” institution, it blends perfectly into the urban environment around it.







建筑的两个较低楼层依赖于混凝土承重结构，同时CLT墙体和天花板在上部三个楼层构成了承重元素，在设计过程中，这类型建筑能够很好地进行施工分区，其中混凝土楼板构成了基础，而木材结构则是住宅楼层重复单元的最佳解决策略。

The two lower floors of the building rely on a concrete load-bearing structure while CLT wall and ceiling panels provide the load-bearing elements on the three top floors. It was clear already during the competition entry design process that this kind of building typology favors a constructional division where concrete floors form the foundation and timber construction is the optimal solution for the recurring elements of the residential floors.



在施工期间，在当地气候中需要特别小心保护木材，但是就时间而言，预制木材构件具有很大的优势，整体木结构在3个月之内就能够组装完毕，甚至可以再缩短时间，住宅地面覆盖着木材，整体的地板应用了727个交叉层压木材，它们都在爱沙尼亚当地生产，体积总量为2113立方米，这也是爱沙尼亚当地最大的木材公共建筑。

Although protecting timber in the local climate during construction requires particular care, in terms of time, pre-fabricated timber elements still provide a considerable advantage. The entire timber structure was assembled within three months and could have been completed even faster, had it been necessary. The façade of the residential floors is clad with timber and the construction of the floors made use of altogether 727 cross-laminated timber elements produced in Estonia with its total net volume of 2113 m3, making it the largest wooden public building in Estonia.



这座建筑考虑了近零能耗，同时南北朝向也给使用者带来了良好的居住环境，这座全新的学习中心拥有低能耗的特点，可再生的建筑材料、紧凑且经济的空间、来自当地的太阳能和灰水回收系统都能够保证建筑在生命周期内的较低能耗。

The building considered the requirements for the near-zero energy building while the north-south orientation also provides good living conditions. The new study center as a whole is marked by low energy consumption as the renewable building materials, compact and economical volume, locally produced solar energy and the waste heat recovery from the grey water recycling system ensure low energy consumption throughout the building’s life cycle.





学习中心前侧的退台式景观既开放也遮蔽了部分功能，公共区域前侧的景观逐层下降，而在建筑的中央由逐渐上升，遮盖了有隐私需求的空间，而这些景观区域也给各种室外的活动带来了场地，同时也保护了建筑的周边功能。

The accentuated terraced forms of the landscape in front of the study center open as well as hide the functions within. The landscape in front of the public zones is level or gradually descending and starts to rise again in the middle of the building thus sheltering the spaces in need of concealment. The terraced landscape around the building provides accentuated areas for various outdoor activities while also serving a protective function along the perimeter of the building.







这座建筑包含有公共体育中心、半公共讨论区与、训练区、休息区、工作区域，以及私人住宅区域，在地下则有着25米的8泳道泳池、训练大厅、健身房，以及洗手间。建筑旁边的景观隐蔽了服务车辆停车区域，除此之外，还有25米的射击场和180度射击区域。在街道层则包含有门厅、教室、工作区，以及休息区，在二到四层，则由住宅空间，这里带有公共厨房和起居室。

The building consists of a public sports center, semi-public seminar areas, also training, resting and work areas closed to the public as well as the private residential area. The basement floor accommodates a 25m eight-lane swimming pool, training hall, gym and washrooms. The landscape next to the building shelters the service vehicle parking area and the 25-metre shooting range together with 180° tactical shooting area. The street level accommodates the lobby, classrooms, work and resting areas. The private residential spaces with common kitchen and living room areas are in the atrium in the middle of the building above the study center on the second, third and fourth floors.







































建筑设计：3+1 Architects
类型：大学
面积：11950 m2
时间：2020年
摄影：Tõnu Tunnel
主创建筑师：Markus Kaasik, Mihkel Meriste
设计团队：Kerstin Kivila, Gert Guriev, Siim Tiisvelt, Pirko Võmma
客户：塔尔图大学安全科学学院
室内设计：T43 Sisearhitektid
景观设计：Tajuruum
结构工程：Arro & Agasild Inseneribüroo
声学顾问：Akukon
承包商：Nordecon
城市：纳尔瓦
国家：爱沙尼亚

UNIVERSITY, OTHER FACILITIES, DORMS
NARVA, ESTONIA
Architects: 3+1 Architects
Area: 11950 m2
Year: 2020
Photographs: Tõnu Tunnel
Lead Architects: Markus Kaasik, Mihkel Meriste
Design Team: Kerstin Kivila, Gert Guriev, Siim Tiisvelt, Pirko Võmma
Clients: Estonian Academy of Security Sciences, University of Tartu
Interior Architecture: T43 Sisearhitektid
Landscape Architecture: Tajuruum
Structure Engineering: Arro & Agasild Inseneribüroo
Acoustic Consultants: Akukon
Contractor: Nordecon
City: Narva
Country: Estonia