House of Culture Toba Qom / OCA

由专筑网小R编译

“民族发展有着一定的轨迹和一定的起源，民族特征之中，历史的现代化并没有让这些起源的参照消失，甚至是对这些源头的强调，同时，也正是对这种矛盾的象征表达和集体策略，从而也产生了民族的政治与情感力量。”——Joao Pacheco de Oliveira

国家、宗教、资本的发展破坏了土著社会经济组织，从而使得社区融入经济系统，这看起来是摆脱极度贫困的唯一方法，那么未来的发展又是如何呢？

"Ethnicity necessarily supposes a trajectory (...) and an origin (...). What would be characteristic of ethnic identities is that in them the historical actualization does not cancel the feeling of reference to the origin but even reinforces it. It is from the symbolic and collective resolution of this contradiction that comes to the political and emotional strength of ethnicity" Joao Pacheco de Oliveira. The development of the State, religion, and capital has destructured the indigenous socioeconomic organization, forcing the communities to integrate into the economic system, which seems to be the only way out of extreme poverty. How to see the future?











这样的交流似乎是土著社区对于恢复文化传统和维护自身权利的契机，为了解决他们的问题，那么人们的参与至关重要，在组织和社区之间建立对话，可以很好地挖掘当前人们所关心的问题，并且给予经济和技术支持，从而让他们能够构思和执行属于自身的发展策略，那么这也是在Toba Qom社区开展项目研究的一大原因，即了解他们聚集在一起的原因，以及他们目前所遇到的问题和事情的发展方向，设计方案的目标成为设施管理、设计，以及施工的典范，并且通过管理的方式，不仅仅关注于物理形态，同时探索超越建筑的能力。

The exchange seems to be an opportunity for the indigenous communities to recover their cultural traditions and the vindication of their rights. To solve their problems, the full participation of the people is the most important condition. The establishment of a dialogue between the support organizations and the communities could make it possible to identify the current problems of concern and to articulate financial and technical support so that they can elaborate and implement their own development proposals. This is the reason for the research and project carried out in the Toba Qom community: to understand what unites them, the problems they encounter, and their consequences. The proposal seeks to be a model of management, design, and construction of facilities through the management of covenants that do not focus only on the physical but can explore the ability to look beyond architecture.



这里寻求相遇的空间，而最为重要的是两个方面的交流，首先需要强调使用者的起源感、文化感，以及身份感，同时在这个空间中强调他们的技术、语言、生活习惯，以及与自身社区的联系感，除此之外则是社区与新事物的接触，这样能够构成经济的动态联系，满足使用者的各项需求，也能够促进文化的共存。

It seeks to be a space that allows the encounter, but above all the exchange in 2 aspects. One, reinforcing the feeling of origin, of their culture and identity, safeguarding in this space possibilities of strengthening their techniques, languages, gastronomy and their own community bonding. Two, the encounter of the community with new knowledge, the knowledge that allows creating adaptation and connection with economic dynamics, that allow to satisfy their physiological needs and also help the subsistence of their own culture.







设计方案是当地人民物质资源和技术能力的共同成果，社区展示了Karanday枝干处理的良好技能，这些枝干应用于项目的结构体系之中，内部的屋面应用了稻草作为保温材料，同时在社区的要求下，金属面板也发挥了很好的安全性和耐用性。

The proposal is the result of the material resources available and the technical capacity of the local people. The community demonstrates very good skills in the handling of Karanday trunks, which end up being proposed as the structuring materials of the project. The roof in its interior uses straw as a thermal protector, and at the request of the community, the metal sheet was used to provide greater security and durability.











他们的生活空间中所遇到的最大问题就是侧边维护，那么考虑到这一点，建筑师建议在这个位置应用生土，从而构成生产诸如压制土坯等材质的能力，而在这里Toba自身就能够使其发挥作用。结构体系灵活且独立，其开放且封闭的形态考虑了景观朝向，整体空间框架灵活，不同的开口、曲线将外部空间和内部空间结合在一起，整个空间从四个侧面都得以开放，整体十分贯通。

The biggest problems encountered in their living spaces are the lateral enclosures, given this, we proposed to mold the earth of the place to install the ability to produce a noble material such as pressed adobe, where the Toba themselves are the ones who find the dosage to make it work. Flexible and independent walls to the structural skeleton, open and close taking into account the orientation and landscape, frame flexible spaces, assuming different sieves, openings, curves that allow integrating parts of the exterior to the interior space, in addition to generating diffuse limits, a space that opens on its 4 sides permeating the encounter.







建筑设计：OCA
类型：学习/教育建筑
面积：144 m2
摄影：Mauricio Paiva
主创建筑师：María Liz Gulino, Luis Godoy, Mauricio Paiva
设计团队：Guillermo Sequera, Fernando Maidana, Cacique Walter Pino, Ariel Samaniego, Lorena Rios, Manom Vuillermet, Emilie Clemen
客户：Embajada Australiana, CIRD
合作方：Lorena Ríos, Comunidad Toba Qom
城市：Villa del Rosario
国家：巴拉圭

LEARNING, EDUCATIONAL ARCHITECTURE, REGIONAL
VILLA DEL ROSARIO, PARAGUAY
Architects: OCA
Area: 144 m2
Photographs: Mauricio Paiva
Lead Architects: María Liz Gulino, Luis Godoy, Mauricio Paiva
Design Team:Guillermo Sequera, Fernando Maidana, Cacique Walter Pino, Ariel Samaniego, Lorena Rios, Manom Vuillermet, Emilie Clemen
Clients:Embajada Australiana, CIRD
Colaborators:Lorena Ríos, Comunidad Toba Qom
City:Villa del Rosario
Country:Paraguay