colégio dos plátanos学校设计
colégio dos plátanos

由专筑网李韧，韩平编译

colégio dos plátanos是葡萄牙新特拉的一所学校，专门教育3岁到14岁的孩子，这个项目由学校的扩建和改建组成。为了获取原有建筑东部的一系列质量低下的小建筑的项目用地，开发商原本计划在他们拆除之后，将学校的占地向东扩大，添加了一系列新的教室，互补的空间和运动设施。然而到了设计阶段，他们改变了策略，决定保留东边的原有建筑，并重新规划一些小规模的建筑，这样能够在不同的工期内有效地连接东西两面的建筑，这样在国家面临经济危机的时候，能够减少投资并且提高建筑的利用率。这个决定需要一个合理的解决方案，并且减少一定的爆破需求，因为在这个过程中应当尽量减少对孩子们上课的影响。因此也只有这种做法能够达到以上的要求。

Colégio dos Plátanos is a school in Sintra which educates children from the age of 3 to 14; the project consists of the expansion and reorganization of the school. Having acquired a set of low quality buildings east of the existing school, the client intended to demolish them and expand the school complex eastwards, adding a series of new classrooms, complementary spaces and sport facilities. During the design phase the client changed course and decided to maintain the east buildings and commissioned a new construction of smaller scale, connecting the east and west buildings that had to be built in two phases, allowing for a reduced investment since our country was facing an economic crisis and on the verge of the troika intervention (IMF, EC, ECB). This decision also required the development of an intermediate structural solution and controlled demolitions in order not to interrupt the daily school operation; only with the conclusion of the second phase will the entire complex be fully articulated.

新建筑同时作为新老区域的连接节点，不仅结合了场地东西侧的新老建筑，还将与南面的室外场地、北部的体育区和东部的室外区域相结合。

The new building is simultaneously a connection and articulation point; connects the east and west buildings and articulates the levels of the south outdoor courtyard, the sports area to the north and the covered outdoor area to the east.

在设计中，开发商要求整个建筑以自然通风为基础，并且尽可能地保留北侧开口，以便与运动场相连接。因此，建筑师的策略是选择创建一个透气砖立面，允许室内环境的自然通风，使得日照强度相对弱的北面也具有足够的光照，这样的做法也保护了窗户并且将部分通风格栅稍稍隐藏。而对于室内采光的控制建筑师们则是这样处理的：运用南侧的室外遮阳板和室内屏风来控制教室的光照强度，给予孩子们更舒适的学习空间。

The client set the use of natural ventilation as a requisite, as well as the protection of the northern openings, given the proximity to the sports area. We chose to create a permeable brick facade that allows air to flow for the natural ventilation of the building, illuminates the northern rooms, protects the windows and hides the necessary ventilation grids. To the south exterior shading slabs and interior screens were used in order to control the light intensity in the classrooms.
The concern with materiality is also foreseen inside the building; the preschool classrooms are covered in cheerful, bright coloured panels. The walls are also coated with a material that simultaneously allows acoustic conditioning and the display of the children’s works, in an attempt to enhance the appropriation of the space. The outside spaces will be designed later on.

整个建筑虽然在定义上具有“过街天桥”的性质，但从平面图上可以清晰地看出它还是具有一定的主要功能，整体的做法虽不及包豪斯校舍的浑然天成，但是也具有自己的特点，一个是对表皮的运用，另一个则是对于采光细节上的把握。堆叠而成的砖石立面似乎是一面“会呼吸的墙”，使得整个立面不至因为采用了较为沉重的砖石而显得死气沉沉，整体看起来还是具有轻松活泼的通透氛围，而夜间室内的灯光透露出的斑驳光影又使得建筑具有别样的风采。另外室内的清水墙面和地面也体现出了建筑师节约成本的意图。这些纯粹的原生材质的运用使得建筑少了一丝商业的噱头，多的却是与自然与人体的水乳交融。
            

设计公司：murmuro
类型：教育 › 小学
年份：2017年
面积：10000平方英尺 - 25000平方英尺


FIRM: murmuro
TYPE: Educational › Elementary School
STATUS: Under Construction
YEAR: 2017
SIZE: 10,000 sqft - 25,000 sqft


出处：本文译自architizer.com/，转载请注明出处。