From left: © Robert C. Lautman; via Wikimedia (public domain); Photograph by Al Ravenna via Wikimedia (public domain)

著名建筑师的离奇个人生活
Inside the Bizarre Personal Lives of Famous Architects

由专筑网李韧，韩平编译

著名建筑师往往具有一些神秘色彩，除了日常生活之外，他们的背后也隐藏着许多的秘闻。世界上许多知名建筑师都面临着各种谣言，客户以及其他伙伴在他们的工作室能够看到一些建筑师的个人生活，但有时候，充满创造力的天才所带来的纯粹的人格力量会阻碍人们的洞察力。然而事实上，这些建筑师的生活并不仅仅只有他们的建筑作品。

Famous architects are often seen as more enigma than person, but behind even the biggest names hide the scandals and tragedies of everyday life. As celebrities of a sort, many of the world's most famed architects have faced rumors and to this day there are questions about the truth of their private affairs. Clients and others in their studios would get a glimpse into an architect’s personal life, but sometimes the sheer force of personality that often comes with creative genius would prevent much insight. The fact remains, however, that these architects’ lives were more than the sum of their buildings.


Adapted from image via Wikimedia (public domain)

1、阿尔瓦•阿尔托

一些报道曾经说，与芬兰建筑师阿尔托共事是一件非常困难的事情。他认为在酒精的影响下能为自己带来更多的灵感与想法，因此他时常不断的喝酒，同时他手下的人们也这样效仿他，并且从未阻止他的这一不太好的习惯，而从中我们也许也可以推理出，阿尔托是个十分具有天赋的人。

1. Alvar Aalto
By some accounts from those who worked with Aalto, the Finnish architect was quite difficult to work for. The unpleasantness was only increased by his frequent drinking, which he reportedly felt increased his creative and artistic ability. His underlings continued to emulate him and tolerated his drinking in the office, perhaps reasoning that Aalto at least had the talent to justify the personality.


Adapted from image © Victor Grigas

2、密斯•凡•德罗

这座密斯最具代表性的住宅让我们耳熟能详，但同时这座住宅也充满了谣言和争议。是否这代表着一段浪漫的关系？或是在这房子里生活是一件非常痛苦的事？我们知道，业主范斯沃斯曾经对密斯提起诉讼，这场合作令范斯沃斯非常不满。不管这个故事是一个悲惨的爱情故事还是一个建筑师优先为他的客户考虑他的设计理念，最终的结果都是这个先锋建筑师的职业生涯上的一个败笔。

2. Mies van der Rohe
Perhaps Mies van der Rohe’s most famous house, the Farnsworth House is also the source of considerable rumor and controversy. Was there a romantic relationship at stake, or was the house just a pain to live in? What we know for sure is that Edith Farnsworth and Mies did exchange lawsuits and that Dr. Farnsworth was deeply unhappy with their transaction. Regardless of whether the story is one of a jilted would-be lover or one of an architect prioritizing his design ideals over his client, the end result is an unfavorable depiction of the pioneering architect.


Adapted from images (From left): via Wikimedia (public domain); © Flickr user Susleriel licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0.

3、柯布西耶 & 艾琳·格雷（Eileen Gray）

接下来是两个建筑师的故事，他们的生活通过工作互相干扰。E-1027是由建筑师艾琳·格雷（Eileen Gray）为她的情人Jean Badovici设计的住宅。他们的关系结束后，Badovici仍然住在这座房子里，而他的老朋友柯布西耶会来这里拜访他，而柯布作为客人在E-1027时，仍然会在主人的白墙上作画（有时裸体）。我们都十分赞同柯布西耶并不是一个合格的客人，Eileen Gray也把这种行为看做是深深的冒犯。但也可能柯布西耶以这么一种奇怪的方式对Gray作品所表现的赞赏，但大多数人相信的是，他也许是出于嫉妒，也许想以某种方式将其作为他自己的成就。

3. Le Corbusier & Eileen Gray
Next is a story of two architects whose lives intercepted each other through their work. E-1027 is a home designed by architect Eileen Gray for her lover at the time, Jean Badovici. After their relationship ended, Badovici remained in the house and was occasionally visited by his friend, Le Corbusier. While staying as a guest at E-1027, the architect took it upon himself to paint (sometimes while nude) large colorful murals on the white walls of the home. While we can probably all agree that Le Corbusier would make a terrible houseguest, Eileen Gray unsurprisingly took deeper offense to his actions. The possibility exists that Le Corbusier defaced Gray’s work as a misguided show of admiration, but most believe that he was instead motivated by jealousy and perhaps misogyny and wanted to somehow take away Gray’s accomplishment by making it his own.


Adapted from image © Robert C. Lautman

4、路易•康

正如康的儿子的电影《我的建筑师》中所记录的那样，路易•康的个人生活十分复杂。纳撒尼尔•康是路易•康的三个孩子其中之一，他有三个不同的母亲。更为显著的是，康让他的三个家族中的每一个人都对家族的其他成员一无所知。他的第一个孩子由妻子抚养，二女儿的母亲和纳撒尼尔的母亲都是康的情妇。康死后，他留下了三个家庭，他们之间甚至并不知道彼此的存在。

4. Louis Kahn
As documented in the film My Architect by Kahn’s son, Louis Kahn had a complicated personal life, to put it mildly. Nathaniel Kahn is one of Louis Kahn’s three children, who have three different mothers. More remarkable is the fact that Kahn kept each of his three families ignorant of the others. His first child was borne by his wife, his second daughter was with Anne Tyng, and Nathaniel’s mother Harriet Pattison was another of Kahn’s long-time mistresses. When Kahn died, he left behind three families, none of them aware of the others’ existence.


From left: Photograph by Al Ravenna via Wikimedia (public domain); © Wikimedia user MaryKieran licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0; via Wikimedia (public domain)

5、弗兰克•劳埃德•赖特

这个故事始于赖特的丑闻，这段丑闻以悲剧结束。几年后，Mamah Borthwick Cheney和她的丈夫Edwin Cheney从赖特那得到一座房子，几家人的孩子们在这座房子里共同生活。他们的关系对赖特和Mamah造成了许多负面影响，最终赖特建立了一个居处和工作室——“塔里艾森”用以躲避流言蜚语。然而，悲剧发生在1914年，有一天赖特在芝加哥工作，而Mamah与她的两个孩子在塔里艾森，一个临时员工Julian Carlton密谋杀害塔里艾森的居民们，随着歹徒的一把斧头和一场大火，Mamah和两个孩子还有大多数的员工不幸遇难。凶手在逃跑之后被抓获，最后死于越狱途中。这场事故给赖特带来深深的打击，一些历史学家甚至将他的设计理念与这次的事故相联系，他们认为，这次谋杀案为赖特的草原风格时期画下了句号。

5. Frank Lloyd Wright
While this tale of Frank Lloyd Wright begins with scandal, it ends in tragedy. A few years after Mamah Borthwick and her husband Edwin Cheney had commissioned a home from Frank Lloyd Wright, both Wright and Borthwick left their spouses and children to be together. Their relationship caused negative publicity for Wright as well as aggression from reporters towards Mamah, eventually leading Wright to build Taliesin as a secluded home for the two of them. However, tragedy struck at Taliesin one day in 1914, while Wright was away in Chicago and Mamah was at Taliesin with the two children she shared with Edwin. Julian Carlton, an unstable household employee who had recently been let go, plotted to murder the residents of Taliesin before he left. In a horrific episode of hatchets and fire, Mamah and her two children were killed, along with most of the studio personnel. The murderer was captured and later died in prison before his case could be tried. Unsurprisingly, Wright was deeply disturbed by the attack, with some historians even attributing a change in his design philosophy to the event: as noted in William R Drennan's 2007 book Death in a Prairie House, the murders coincided with the end of Wright's Prairie Style period.


出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。