Zaryadye公园在莫斯科开放
Zaryadye Park opens up in Moscow

由专筑网姬薇薇，李韧编译

由国际联合会设计的Zaryadye公园大幅竣工。

在上周的莫斯科市节日庆祝活动中，为了庆祝35英亩（约14公顷）的Zaryadye公园接近完工，公园举行了一个仪式，当地基础设施也会继续对公众开放。在公园里可以眺望到距离70米的莫斯科河美景、五个亭子、两个露天剧场和一个爱乐音乐厅，整个项目预计将在今年秋天竣工。

公园位于市中心，距离圣巴西尔大教堂、红场和克里姆林宫只有几步之遥，Zaryadye公园将成为过去50年来首个在莫斯科开放的大型公园。

2012年，莫斯科市首席建筑师谢尔盖•库兹涅佐夫（Sergey Kuznetsov）组织了一项国际设计竞赛，计划将这个以往的商业领域转变为现代公园。主委会在来自27个不同国家的90份方案中选出了Diller Scofidio + Renfro(DS + R)，Hagreaves Associates和Citymakers合作设计团队的方案作品。

Zaryadye Park celebrates substantial completion with a civic ceremony designed by an international consortium
During last week’s Moscow City Day festivities, Zaryadye Park celebrated substantial completion of the 35-acre park with a civic ceremony that opened major portions of the park to locals as construction continues. The park—which features an overlook cantilevering 70m over Moscow River, five pavilions, two amphitheaters and a philharmonic concert hall—is scheduled to reach full completion this fall. Centrally located, steps away from St. Basil’s Cathedral, Red Square and the Kremlin, Zaryadye Park will be the first large-scale park to open in Moscow in the past fifty years. In 2012, the City of Moscow and Chief Architect Sergey Kuznetsov organized an international design competition to transform this historically commercial territory into a public park. A design consortium led by Diller Scofidio + Renfro (DS+R) in partnership with Hagreaves Associates and Citymakers was selected out of ninety submissions representing 27 different countries.

Diller Scofidio + Renfro的合伙人Charles Renfro评论道：“Zarydaye公园是一个公共空间，我们不愿意将空间简单化分类。这里应当是公园、城市广场、社会空间、文化设施、娱乐枢纽或者其他公共场所。为了保持最大的可控性，我们的设计将景观面积限制在竞赛公告所要求的14000平方米范围内。从而产生了自然与人工、城市和乡村、内部和外部这样一系列的相对元素。”

Charles Renfro, partner at Diller Scofidio + Renfro, commented: “Zarydaye Park provides a public space that resists easy categorization. It is at once park, urban plaza, social space, cultural amenity, and recreational armature. In order to maintain the maximum level of accessibility, our design overlays landscape onto the 14,000 sq m of enclosed program required by the competition brief. The resulting simultaneity generates a series of elemental face-offs between the natural and the artificial, urban and rural, interior and exterior.”

Zaryadye公园将自然风景与人造景观相结合，形成一个狂野的城市规划系统，并且充分考虑新的规划设计，来改进完善这个莫斯科历史上正式的公园空间。建筑师通过定制的石材铺路，将人造景观和自然景观融合在一起，摒弃两种景观原有的边界，从而形成一种混合美，来鼓励游客在这里自由地漫步游赏。

在公园的每一个角落，游客们都会遇到不同的露台，这是以重现的方式来庆祝在俄罗斯发现的四种不同的区域景观。

空间的分段覆盖还有助于主动和被动的气候控制策略，确保游客在各个季节都可以畅游公园。自然景观区与表演区以及封闭式文化展馆相结合，为游客提供聚集、休息和观赏的区域。除了这些程序化的游玩地点，一系列的景点实际上是在为莫斯科城市景观提供了更多可能性，每个游客的体验感受都将与众不同。

Zaryadye Park intertwines landscape and hardscape to create a Wild Urbanism, introducing a new offering to complement Moscow’s historically formal, symmetrical park spaces. A custom stone paving system knits hardscape and landscape together—generating a blend rather than a border—to encourage visitors to meander freely. Traversing between each corner of the park, visitors encounter terraces that recreate and celebrate four diverse, regional landscapes found in Russia. The sectional overlay also facilitates active and passive climate-control strategies that ensure visitors can enjoy the park through all seasons. Natural zones provide places of gathering, repose and observation, in concert with performance spaces and enclosed cultural pavilions. In addition to these programmed destinations, a series of vista points provide a frame for the Moscow cityscape to be rediscovered anew. Each visitor’s experience is tailor made for them, by them.

Zaryadye公园由一个国际联盟设计，其中汇集了来自世界各地的公共空间设计公司的经验，其中有：Diller Scofidio + Renfro（美国）, Hargreaves Jones（美国）, Citymakers（俄罗斯）, Transsolar（德国）、Buro Happold（英国）, Central Park Convervancy（美国）, Directional Logic（美国）, ARUP（美国）, Arteza（俄罗斯）, MAHPI（俄罗斯）和Mosinzhproekt（俄罗斯）。在过去的四年里，该团队采用了自己的方式来促进项目的包容性与开放性。

Zaryadye Park was designed by an international consortium that brought together the experience of firms making public spaces around the world including: Diller Scofidio + Renfro (USA), Hargreaves Jones (USA), Citymakers (Russia), Transsolar (Germany), Buro Happold (United Kingdom), Central Park Convervancy (USA), Directional Logic (USA), ARUP (USA), Arteza (Russia), MAHPI (Russia), and Mosinzhproekt (Russia). Over the past four years, the team has applied their approach to fostering inclusivity, openness, access and porosity to the project.

Hargreaves Associates的高级负责人Mary Margaret Jones描述了该公司在Zaryadye公园的规划思路，他说：“我们的目标是将这个位于莫斯科的中央公园打造成为俄罗斯国家公园。这个地方的天然坡度适合于形成俄罗斯独特的地方景观：苔原、草原、森林和湿地。每个景区都可以利用其独特的地理位置而形成特有的景观效果，而天然坡度则有助于整个场地的雨水管理。每个区域的园艺设计都好似唤醒了这个区域的风景，而且也证明了这些植物在莫斯科的气候下仍然可以茁壮成长。”

Mary Margaret Jones, a senior principal and president at Hargreaves Associates, described the firm’s approach to Zaryadye Park, commenting, “Our ambition was for this central park in Moscow to express itself as a national park for Russia at large. The site’s natural slope lent itself to a physical palette that samples Russia’s distinct regional landscapes: tundra, steppe, forest and wetland forest. Each landscape zone utilizes its strategic location to optimize views and exposure, while the natural slope facilitates storm-water management across the site. The horticulture of each zone evokes its regional landscape but does so with plantings that have proven to thrive in Moscow’s Climate.”

Citymakers的创始合伙人Petr Kudryavtsev和Andrey Grinev补充道：“我们已经整合改进了整体战略，让公园全年都处于开放活跃状态，策略包括:营造出调节城市恶劣气候的环境、面向自然探索的社会和文化项目、以及长期可持续化的管理模式。Zaryadye公园是国际合作的重要范例，它融合了世界各地的最佳实践经验与莫斯科的特色，为北方其他城市的公共空间建设提供了模板。”

莫斯科首席建筑师谢尔盖•库兹涅佐夫（Sergei Kuznetsov）、 Strelka KB以及莫斯科建筑委员会（Moscow Committee for Architecture）合作举办了国际比赛，竞赛主委会评价道：“Zaryadye公园的一个重要特色就是融合。”

Petr Kudryavtsev and Andrey Grinev, founding partners at Citymakers, added: “We have integrated holistic strategies to keep the park activated year-round including: constructed environments that temper the city’s harsh climate; social and cultural programs geared towards nature exploration; and a long term, sustainable management model. The park provides an important example of international collaboration, merging best practices from around the world with the particularities of Moscow to offer a prototype for public space for other cities in Northern regions.”
Moscow Chief Architect Sergei Kuznetsov, who organized the international competition in collaboration with Strelka KB, NIIPI Genplana of Moscow and the Moscow Committee for Architecture, commented: “An important feature of Zaryadye is integration.

这个公园在最新的景观设计趋势下，以复杂的建筑解决方案和先进的建筑技术交汇融合。Zaryadye的文化遗产多种多样，有旧英格兰法庭的分庭、圣安娜教堂、Kitay-gorod墙、Znamensky修道院、以及Romanov会议中心等等，它们都坐落在“无形的”建筑旁边。公园的建设和各种基础设施的目的是将Zaryadye转变成一个能够积极融入不同文化和社会群体的平台，从而成为一个新的国际地标，并且创造出新型思想创意中心。

The park was created at the junction of the latest landscape design trends, intricate construction solutions, and state-of-theart building technologies. At Zaryadye, the cultural heritage monuments — the Chambers of the Old English Court, Church of the Conception of St. Anna, Kitay-gorod wall, Znamensky Monastery, the chambers of Romanov boayrs, and others — sit alongside the new “invisible” architecture. The park’s dynamic and universal infrastructure aims to transform Zaryadye into a platform for the active integration of different cultures and social groups; a new international landmark; and a hub for creativity, where new ideas and knowledge are generated.”


出处：本文译自www.worldarchitecturenews.com/，转载请注明出处。