在建筑学院评图时应该注意的事项
Dos and Don’ts for Your Very First Jury in Architecture School

由专筑网李韧，杨帆编译

对于大一的建筑新生来说，“评图”、“审查”，亦或是“点评”等字眼往往听上去十分刺耳，这就好像如丧钟般让人沮丧。正如Kathryn Anthony在“审判中的设计陪审团”一文中所提出的概念“设计工作室的文艺复兴”那样，在80年代的巴黎国立高等美术学院成为第一所正式的建筑艺术高校之后，其教学形式为世界各地的建筑院校所采纳。虽然一些院校已经将传统的政策相对放宽，但其他一些院校仍然十分重视建筑学教育，这往往让建筑系新生们倍感压力而怯于这种被考验的状态。

那么我们应该怎么做才能缓解建筑教育中的这一僵局呢？以下这个具体的事项清单也许会给你帮助。

For the fresh architecture student, the “jury,” “review,” or “crit” is far from glorious—sounding more like a death knell than a customary critique session. The concept, as Kathryn Anthony explores in Design Juries on Trial: The Renaissance of the Design Studio, goes as far back as the 1980s when the Ecole Nationale et Speciale des Beaux-Arts in Paris became the first art and architecture school to experiment with a format that would soon be adopted by architectural schools across the world. While some schools have taken steps to loosen traditional hierarchies, others continuing to reinforce them, much to the terror of fledgling first-year students who aren’t used to being “tried.”
So what can one really do to ease into this rather uncomfortable aspect of architectural education? Below is a fairly simple list of dos and don’ts that could go a long way in helping you out.

© Andrea Vasquez

1、不要对你的评图老师带有异样的目光

在五年的学习生涯中，你会遇到不同的评图老师，但是你要记住，他们对你作品的批评并不代表一切，也不能说你的作品很失败，这些都是在帮助你更快地成长。因此你可以站在旁观者的角度来看待这些事，这样你也许不会过于急躁，也更能接受他人的建议或批评。

2、学会忽略

哈？每个人都在通宵赶图吗？这听起来并不实用的建议，有时却能创造奇迹。除了一些必要的时刻，通宵赶图不仅会降低工作效率，而且会让你变得头昏脑涨，甚至会在接下来的工作中都达不到良好的状态。

1. Don’t imagine your juror to be some sort of monster, infallible genius, etc.
While you will come across different types of jurors during the course of five years, it’s best to bear in mind that the person critiquing your first-ever work is not necessarily there to point out the flaws in your design, or deem you a failure, but to help you learn. By allowing yourself to detach the jurors from the god-like status usually associated with them, you’re likely to feel less edgy, and hence, more receptive to their advice or criticism.

2. Get some shut-eye
What? While everyone else is slaving away at their models and drawings throughout the night? This might sound like useless advice, but it actually works wonders! Spending the whole night working (unless absolutely necessary) can not only be counterproductive, but also makes you groggy, less sharp, forgetful, and worse, more likely to mess up explaining your work the following morning.

© Andrea Vasquez

3、不要过于追求完美

质量往往最关键，这至少在建筑学院是一个亘古不变的可循规律。你不需要看其他人的工作成果，他们也许在飞速画图，或许制作了各种各样的模型，事实上，评图老师基本看不到那些徒劳，他们能够直接看到你的问题所在。另外，即使你最终提交的设计成果并不完整，但只要你在设计过程中尽心尽力，你就能有所收获。另外，认真做设计对于日后作品集的制作也会大有帮助。

4、不要过分追求成绩

当你受到鼓励去完成更多的课题，你会发现其中的许多乐趣。因此不用花费时间去思考某个步骤是否正确，你也不需要考虑评图老师会怎么想，以及会给你打多少分。有时评图老师的评价并不客观，你要调整的最好状态是去享受过程，而不要给自己太大的压力。

5、请不要过分使用建筑术语

有时在答辩时，也许你会想要炫耀一下这学期新学的建筑词汇，亦或是那些看上去高大上的建筑理论，但这些并不必要，因为有一些评图老师并不会有那么多耐心听完你过于冗长的解释。更糟的是，如果你运用一些并不熟悉的词汇，而老师让你解释它的意思，这个场面可能会相当尴尬。

3. Don’t worry about “complete,” worry about “thorough”
Quality over quantity always works—that’s a tip that can help you throughout all your years in architecture school. Don’t look at the next-door neighbor in the studio who’s churning out drawings at breakneck speed or littering their table with a dozen study models before the pin-up. Jurors are likely to see through all the vacuous “hard work” and would get to the point quickly. More often than not, even if you present a design which is incomplete but thorough in its process, you will come out stronger. Being honest with your work also gives you the option to build on it later when you get down to completing it for your portfolio.

4. Don’t hanker after grades
The earlier years of architectural education are usually the most fun when you’re allowed, encouraged and often expected to question and experiment. Why waste time being “proper” or “correct,” worrying over what your juror might think, or mulling over whether you’ll be able to get a good grade or not? Juries are never objective anyway, so it’s best to enjoy the work instead of stressing out.

5. No unnecessary architectural jargon, please
While you might be itching to flaunt those new terms you learned this semester, think twice before using wordy explanations and overly drawn-out theories. Focus on being succinct as some jurors may run out of patience or get bored quickly. Or worse, if you use a term that you’re unsure of, it could be embarrassing if you’re asked to explain what you mean by it.

© Andrea Vasquez

6、解释、质疑、提问——但不要害怕

当你面对一些并不客观的评价时，你需要知道，你的作品必须逻辑清晰条理明确。而且不要害怕提问，不要害怕批评而不敢提出问题，有时候这是进行一场高效讨论的好方法。

7、最后，如果方案进展不顺利，也不要气馁

不用去琢磨原因想你到底该怎么做，多花一点时间思考讨论过的内容，记住你需要改进的地方，并且在自己达到某些要求之后给自己一些小奖励，你会在下一个项目中更进一步。

文中图片来源：Andrea Vasquez

6. Explain, reason, question—but don’t get defensive
Crits can be unnerving, and sometimes unfair too. But always remember that clear reasoning works, while defensive behavior only complicates and deflects from the real argument. Also, don't be afraid of asking questions; sometimes, that's the best way to start a productive discussion.

7. And lastly, if it doesn’t go well, just take it in your stride!
No use mulling over the whys and should-haves. Take a moment to reflect on what was discussed, make notes on what you could improve on next time, and congratulate yourself for having made it to the finish line. On to better things in the next project!
Images for this article were kindly provided by Andrea Vasquez.


出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。