Pavlina Williams用多角度的窗户改造中世纪圆屋顶住宅
Pavlina Williams transforms mid-century dome house with angular windows

由专筑网郭子桐，李韧编译

美国科罗拉多沙漠棕榈泉（Palm Springs）的一座圆顶房屋已由其业主翻修，洛杉矶建筑师Pavlina Williams对翻修的房屋添加了新的窗口并设计开放式内部空间。

Williams是翻新项目的总设计师，她从里到外翻修了这座住宅，将屋内东西清空，拆除墙体，然后形成明亮宽敞的室内空间。

A dome-shaped house in Palm Springs has undergone renovation work by its owner, Los Angeles-based architect Pavlina Williams, who added new windows and created open-plan interiors.
Williams renovated her home from the inside-out, acting as the general contractor while gutting the interiors, and ripping down walls to create a light-filled space inside.

她设计了全新的定制窗户，以几何排列的形式环绕圆顶，成为了建筑的一大亮点。

Williams是R & A的职业建筑师，她说：“最有挑战的方面就是在圆屋顶上安装梯形和三角形的窗户。当我们购买这座住宅时，它只有两扇很小的窗户。我们将室内空间打开，加固了木框架，然后安装了不规则的窗户。”

She designed new custom-made windows to surround the dome in a geometric arrangement and form a focal point of the building.
"The most challenging aspect was to install all the trapezoid and triangular windows in the dome," said Williams, who is a practising architect at R & A. "There were just two tiny windows when we bought the house. We cut out all the openings and reinforced the wood framing and got custom windows from Home Depot."

这座住宅始建于1956年，棕榈泉（Palm Springs）圆顶屋里包含着一个半球部分和一个矩形部分。褐色沥青屋顶瓦覆盖着圆形的外部，其他部分由玻璃和光面砖组成。

Built in 1956, the Palm Springs Dome House comprises a half-globe portion and a rectangular section. Brown asphalt roof shingles cover the rounded exterior, with other portions made up of glass and light brickwork.

Williams甚至将这座住宅加入了Airbnb，然后说：“房子最初是由加利福尼亚州托兰斯（Torrance）市的一个化学工程师设计并建造，他订购了这个圆屋顶作为屋子的配套元件，然后让当地的木匠将它们组装起来。他们在20世纪50年代开始建造这座住宅，然后在20世纪70年代将圆屋顶组装在了房子上。”

"It was originally designed and built by the previous owner, who was a chemical engineer from Torrance, California," said Williams, who also lists the place on Airbnb. "He ordered the dome as a kit and had local carpenters assemble it. They started to build the house in the 1950s, and then added the dome in the 1970s."

这套中世纪的房子有360度全方位的自然景观，能够欣赏到周围的树丛和山谷，还有一个风力涡轮机。

起初，住宅内呈现网格布局形式，房间里有地毯和乙烯基油布。可是住宅内几乎没有窗户，也看不到沙漠的全部景色。

The location of the mid-century house allows for 360-degree views of the surroundings, including Joshua Tree and Coachella Valley, as well as a collection of wind turbines.
Originally, the home had a gridded layout of small rooms that were lined in carpet and vinyl linoleum. The residence had barely any windows, blocking the panoramic desert vista.

Williams把地板上的混凝土抛光，并且添加了白色表面。新型螺旋不锈钢楼梯通向上部的玻璃阁楼。

人们在一层的起居室里，就能通过窗户欣赏到周边的美景，也可通过天花板看到圆屋顶的结构，从一层到最高点的距离到达26英尺（约8米）。

Williams updated the flooring to polished concrete and incorporated white surfaces and metal in her redesign.A new spiral stainless-steel staircase by Fontanot leads up to a lofted section in the glazed atrium.
The new windows are best appreciated from a sitting room on the ground floor, where domed construction is expressed across the ceiling, which reaches 26 feet (eight metres) at its highest point.

白色的橱柜、裸露的砖墙是后挡板和住宅上部的木梁，整体上让厨房更具特色。

这座住宅中包含三间卧室和三间浴室，其中一个房间既有卧室也有浴室。

White cabinetry, an exposed brick wall that acts as a backsplash and an overhead timber beam all feature in the kitchen.
Palm Springs Dome House also contains three bedrooms and three baths, with a sleeping area and bath in its lofted portion.

Williams也选择所有有文化底蕴的家具，包括一系列中世纪椅子和其他一些当代作品。

一套木质餐桌椅子有着V形靠背，围着一个大圆形餐桌摆放，旁边还有一个玻璃桌，玻璃桌旁侧则是厨房。

Williams also selected all of the furnishings t0 include an assortment of mid-century chairs alongside other contemporary pieces.
A series of wooden Vortex dining chairs with V-shaped backs are interspersed throughout – around a large round dining table, beside another glass table, and next to a hightop kitchen island.

靠近楼梯是焦糖皮革Wassily椅，它又叫“Model B3”椅，这是由匈牙利（Hungarian）设计师Marcel Breuer在1926年设计。椅子位于一张小桌子旁边，附近还有仙人掌的盆栽和一个豆荚状书架。

Near the staircase is a caramel leather Wassily Chair, also known as the Model B3 chair, designed by Hungarian designer Marcel Breuer in 1926. The chair is situated alongside a small table, potted cacti, and a pod-like bookshelf.

一对彩色的Acapulco Papasan椅子分别放在客厅内置壁炉的左右两边。楼上的轻木制椅子的设计灵感来自于上世纪中期Arthur Umanoff的板条椅子。

一个小型地下办公室里有裸露的砖墙和现代家具，像Eames白色塑料椅，其色调与上部楼梯相呼应。

A pair of colourful Acapulco Papasan chairs in the sitting room are positioned on either side of a new built-in fireplace. Upstairs, a pair of lightwood seats takes cues from the mid-century slatted chairs by Arthur Umanoff.
A small ground-floor office with an exposed brick wall also features modernist furniture, like an Eames Molded Plastic Armchair Rocker in white, which is repeated in bright green upstairs.

拉开滑动玻璃门就到了室外就餐区。花园里有高大的仙人掌、大圆石和踏脚石。

在房子的旁边是一个较小的白色网格圆顶屋，装有玻璃纤维材质的按摩浴缸。Williams说：“我们正计划用相同的形状重新建造这个白色的圆顶屋，这个空间用于卧室，其中设置有圆形的床，上部是天窗。”

Sliding glass doors open to a patio with an outdoor dining area. The garden is landscaped with tall cacti, boulders and stepping stones.
Attached to the side of the house is a smaller white geodesic dome that currently houses a fibreglass jacuzzi. "We are planning to rebuild the white dome in the same shape and make it an additional bedroom, with a round bed in the middle and several skylights right overhead," said Williams.

在20世纪70年代，圆顶住宅是回归自然的象征，在美国西部很受欢迎，在那个时代甚至风靡全国。

Williams的住宅代表了棕榈泉的（Palm Spring）当地的现代主义建筑风格，包括由Richard Neutra设计的Kaufmann 住宅和由John Lautner设计的混凝土屋顶Elrod 住宅。

摄影：Krista Jahnke

During the 1970s, dome houses became popular in the American Southwest, as part of a back-to-the-land movement that swept across the country during the era.
Williams' residence is among Palm Springs' substantial collection of modernist buildings, which includes the Kaufmann House by Richard Neutra and the concrete-domed Elrod House by John Lautner.
Photography is by Krista Jahnke.