Michael Maltzan为南加州的流浪汉设计公寓
Michael Maltzan's Crest Apartments provide housing for southern California's homeless
由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译
美国Michael Maltzan Architecture在洛杉矶地区设计了一片白色住宅区，其中包括60多个工作室公寓，和专为流浪汉而设的各种服务设施。
Crest Apartments位于洛杉矶市中心西北郊区Van Nuys的一个细长矩形地块上。该建筑群总面积达45000平方英尺（4180平方米），是专为流浪者而设的住房。
American studio Michael Maltzan Architecture has completed a bright white residential complex in the Los Angeles area, which contains over 60 studio apartments and various support services for its formerly homeless tenants.
Crest Apartments was built on a slender, rectangular parcel in Van Nuys – a suburban district northwest of Downtown LA. Totalling 45,000 square feet (4,180 square metres), the complex serves as permanent supportive housing for those who formerly had no home.
该项目得到了Skid Row Housing Trust的支持，Skid Row Housing Trust是当地的开发商和物业管理机构，专为流浪、贫困、疾病、残疾等人群提供住房。这是洛杉矶Michael Maltzan Architecture为该组织设计的第四个住宅项目。
建筑共五层，高于周围的建筑。设计团队结合线性体量，当在这个空间穿梭时，你会感受到空间的变化。该建筑群呈“拱形”分布，部分建筑由支柱支撑抬高。
The project was backed by Skid Row Housing Trust – a local developer and property manager that provides housing for people suffering from homelessness, extreme poverty, illness, disabilities and addiction. This is the fourth residential project that LA-based Michael Maltzan Architecture has designed for the organisation.
The five-storey Crest building appears to rise high above its low-scale neighbours. Rather than a simple block, the design team conceived an assemblage of rectilinear volumes that vary in height as they march across the elongated site. The complex has an "arching form", with portions of the building lifted up and supported by pilotis.
“建筑部分呈现退台形态，与南部的小型单户住宅以及北面的商业建筑形成体量上的对比。”建筑师说道。
外墙用白色灰泥包裹，并用方形窗户点缀。从明亮的绿色柱子到柠檬色的墙壁，建筑群融入了缤纷的色彩。在建筑内部，人们可以找到“充满活力、光线充足的空间”，营造社区感。
一层包含一系列公共区域和服务空间。大堂位于建筑的正面，玻璃幕墙与街景相映成趣，营造出温馨的氛围。
在大堂后面，建筑师设置了一系列休闲空间，如休息室、洗衣房和社区厨房。为住户提供相应服务，此外还有四个咨询办公室，位于一层的后方。
"The low points of the building touch down at both the front and back of the site, creating a physical relationship to the smaller-scale single-family residences to the south, and the commercial facades to the north," said Michael Maltzan Architecture in a project description.
Facades are sheathed in white stucco and punctuated with square windows. Splashes of colour were incorporated throughout the complex, from bright green columns to lemon-hued walls. Within the building, one finds "inviting, light-filled spaces" designed to help engender a sense of community.
The ground level contains a series of communal areas and support services. A lobby is located in the front of the building, where glazed walls engage the streetscape and create a welcoming atmosphere.
Behind the lobby, the team placed an array of amenity spaces, such as a lounge, a laundry room and a community kitchen. Support services for tenants, including four counselling offices, are situated in the rear of the ground level.
建筑的上部四层共有64套公寓，其中23套的使用者是单身退伍军人。露天走廊带来充足光线，并有着交叉通风，同时还可以欣赏到城市的景色。公寓有着白色墙壁、灰色地板的现代装饰风格。
该场地的景观设计，在整体设计中发挥核心作用。鉴于该地区降雨量有限，设计团队选择了能够耐受干旱的本土植物。草丛环绕建筑物，并从其下部穿过。
The upper four storeys of the building contain a total of 64 studio apartments, 23 of which are set aside for homeless military veterans. Open-air corridors bring in daylight and enable cross-ventilation, while also offering views of the city. Rooms feature white walls, grey flooring and contemporary decor.
The site's landscaping is meant to play a central role in the overall design. Given the region's limited rainfall, the team selected native plants that can tolerate drought. Tufts of grass encircle the building, and also pass underneath it.
“地面景观贯穿整个场地，蔓延到边界之外，在住宅楼层下方形成统一。”建筑师说道。
在满足严格的停车和消防车道需求之后，设计团队发挥了创造力。他们没有用混凝土或沥青覆盖大片土地，而是铺设了透水材料，使草能够生长，并使雨水渗透地面。建筑群的西侧为紧急车辆提供了足够的空间，同时也为居民提供了绿色场所。
"The ground-level landscape runs across the site, spreading beyond its boundaries, creating a unified field beneath the residential floors which hover above," the studio said.
The team got creative when it came to addressing strict parking and fire-lane requirements. Rather than covering a large swath of the property with concrete or asphalt, they installed pervious pavers, which permit grasses to sprout and enable rainwater to penetrate the earth. The west side of the complex provides enough room for emergency vehicles, while also serving as green space for residents.
“通过整合景观材料，例如可以承受各种负荷的透水铺路、硬景观、软景观等等，使场地界限变得模糊，让空间变化更加生动。”建筑师说。
该项目的绿化景观设计获得美国绿色建筑委员会颁发的LEED认证。其他可持续设计元素包括屋顶太阳能电池板和高效固定装置。据事务所介绍，该建筑的能源性能超过国家规定的21％。
项目总成本为2360万美元（1770万英镑），施工费用为1420万美元（1070万英镑）。
"By integrating landscape materials, such as permeable pavers that can withstand various loads, the demarcation between hardscape, softscape and functional requirements are blurred to create an interchangeable ground surface," the studio said.
The greenery helped the project earn LEED for Homes Platinum certification from the US Green Building Council. Other sustainabledesign elements include rooftop solar panels and high-efficiency fixtures and appliances. According to the architecture firm, the building's energy performance exceeds the state mandate by 21 per cent.
The total project cost was $23.6 million (￡17.7 million), with $14.2 million (￡10.7 million) spent on construction.
根据美国流浪汉问题机构委员会的统计，加州拥有超过134000名无家可归者，是美国所有州中最多流浪汉的地方。为了帮助流浪者恢复正常生活，类似的其他项目有Brooks + Scarpa在洛杉矶设计的The Six项目，也由Skid Row Housing Trust开发，这栋五层楼的公寓位于麦克阿瑟公园（MacArthur Park）附近。
Crest Apartments最近获得了2018年AIA建筑奖，共同获得该奖项的还有北美其他十个住宅项目。
摄影：Iwan Baan
With over 134,000 homeless residents, California has the largest homeless population of any state in the US, according to the US Interagency Council on Homelessness. Other projects aimed at helping the homeless include The Six in Los Angeles by Brooks + Scarpa, which was also developed by Skid Row Housing Trust. The five-storey apartment building is located in the dense neighbourhood of MacArthur Park.
Crest Apartments was recently lauded in the AIA 2018 Housing Awards, alongside ten other residential projects across North America.
Photography is by Iwan Baan for Michael Maltzan Architecture.
项目信息：
业主和产权拥有者：Skid Row Housing Trust
建筑设计事务所：Michael Maltzan Architecture, Inc
设计团队：Michael Maltzan,（主要设计人员）; Tim Williams,（主要负责人）; Ed Tung, job captain; James Leng, （项目设计师）; Benjamin Ruswick, Hiroshi Tokumaru, Jessica Tracey, Joseph Saccomanno, Igor Kitsen
室内设计：Michael Maltzan Architecture, Inc and Office42
土木工程：John Labib + Associates
市政工程：Breen Engineering
M/P工程：Khalifeh & Associates
电气工程：OMB Electrical Engineers
景观设计：SWA Group (主要景观设计师 Tina Chee)
声学顾问：Newson Brown Acoustics
消防安全顾问：Exponent
规格：AWC West
勘察：Adkan Engineers
OSHA 顾问：Lynn Safety
认证顾问专家（CASp）：Yung Kao
绿色评估：Global Green
家庭能源评级系统（HERS）：Alternative Energy Systems
施工管理：Egan Simon Architecture
总承包商：Benchmark Contractors
Project credits:
Client and owner: Skid Row Housing Trust
Architect: Michael Maltzan Architecture, Inc
Architecture team: Michael Maltzan, design principal; Tim Williams, principal in charge; Ed Tung, job captain; James Leng, project designer; Benjamin Ruswick, Hiroshi Tokumaru, Jessica Tracey, Joseph Saccomanno, Igor Kitsen
Interior designer: Michael Maltzan Architecture, Inc and Office42
Structural engineer: John Labib + Associates
Civil engineer: Breen Engineering
M/P engineer: Khalifeh & Associates
Electrical engineer: OMB Electrical Engineers
Landscape architect: SWA Group (lead landscape designer Tina Chee)
Acoustical consultant: Newson Brown Acoustics
Fire and life safety: Exponent
Specifications: AWC West
Survey: Adkan Engineers
OSHA consultant: Lynn Safety
Certified Access Specialist (CASp) consultant: Yung Kao
Green rater: Global Green
Home Energy Rating System (HERS) rater: Alternative Energy Systems
Construction manager: Egan Simon Architecture
General contractor: Benchmark Contractors
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