在直布罗陀的前军事观察基地转变为玻璃观景台
Former military lookout in Gibraltar transformed into glazed viewpoint

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

Arc Designs设计了一座悬臂式观景平台，以及带有玻璃地面的走道，项目坐落在直布罗陀山峰岩石的最高点。

这个观景平台名为Skywalk，位于Upper Rock自然保护区现有的二战军事平台之上，该平台曾作为防空Bofors枪支的基地。

Arc Designs用现有的石头建造了一座2.5米宽的玻璃走道和栏杆，栏杆悬挑在陡峭的场地上。

Arc Designs has created a cantilevered viewing platform, and walkway with a glazed floor, perched on one of the highest points of the Rock of Gibraltar.
Named Skywalk, the viewing platform is built above an existing WWII military platform in the Upper Rock Nature Reserve that once served as a base for anti-aircraft Bofors guns.
Arc Designs wrapped the existing stone platform with a 2.5-metre-wide glazed walkway and balustrade, which cantilever over the steeply dropping terrain.



钢制楼梯从走道一直延伸到原始军事平台的顶部，原有八角形混凝土枪支基座现在用作游客休息和观景平台。

平台位于奥哈拉炮台的北面，岩石的最高点，游客在这里能够让一切景观尽收眼底。

Steel stairs lead from the walkway up to the top of the original military platform, where the old octagonal concrete gun-base now serves as a seat for visitors to rest and gaze out towards the horizon.
Located just a little further north of O'Hara's Battery – the highest point on the Rock – the platform provides visitors with panoramic views both eastwards and westwards, with Europe and Africa, the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean all in sight.



“这个项目的设计目的是为游客提供无与伦比的景观，以及下部岩石悬崖的独特风光。”建筑师说，“同时结合微妙的干预空间，并保持独特环境的自然和历史气息。”

该结构通过多个岩石锚固在地面上，每个岩石锚固支撑15吨的拉伸载荷。

锚固件确保结构不仅能够承受上方游客所施加的载荷，并能够承受在岩石脊上产生的超过93英里/小时的风力。

"The design aspiration of this project was to afford the visitor with new and unrivalled views in all directions including over the rocky cliff-face below," said Arc Designs, "while at the same time ensuring a subtle intervention, which did not detract from the natural and historic nature of this unique setting."
The structure is anchored to the ground with numerous rock anchors, which each support a tensile load of 15 tonnes.
The anchors ensure that the structure can withstand not just the imposed load of visitors above but also the considerable wind speeds of over 93 miles per hour that are generated over the ridge of the rock.



Skywalk可以通过玻璃电梯从步道进入，该电梯将整个悬臂式结构固定在场地上。

“因为这个区域只有非常狭窄和弯曲的道路，所以整个人行道结构必须分成小部件制作出来，然后再经过运输并且组装在一起。”建筑师解释道。

“在天气条件迅速变化的地区和崎岖陡峭的悬崖地形中，该项目是一个相当大的挑战。”建筑师继续说道，“装配过程始终受到起重机尺寸的限制，因为这需要根据它所在的旧军事平台来确定尺寸。”

The Skywalk can be accessed from the road via a panoramic lift, which anchors the overall cantilevered structure back to the terrain.
"Because vehicular access to this area is limited to very narrow and winding roads, the entire walkway structure had to be fabricated in smaller sections which could be transported and assembled together in-situ," explained the architects.
"This was a considerable challenge in an area with rapidly changing weather conditions and given the steeply dropping cliff-face below," continued the architects.
"The assembly was further constrained by the crane size that could be utilised, as this needed to be sized on the basis of the old military platform on which it was positioned."



Skywalk的主要钢结构包括18个独立的部件，总重量超过30000公斤，而玻璃模块，包括750平方米的玻璃面板，面积大致相当于四个网球场，最大的部件重量约为 650公斤。

该项目的业主是直布罗陀HM政府，是该地区部分改善计划。

The Skywalk's main steel structure comprises 18 separate pieces, weighing a combined total of over 30,000 kilograms, while the glazing modules, which include 750-square-metres of glass panels, are roughly the equivalent area of four tennis courts with the largest component weighing approximately 650 kilograms.
The structure was built on behalf of HM Government of Gibraltar and forms part of a wider programme of improvements to the area.



其他开发项目包括一座70米长的悬索桥，修复前军用炮台和装置，并在新建的步道上引入定向标牌。

荷兰公司MVRDV最近赢得了一项竞赛，在荷兰海岸设计如波浪般的景观，该景观能够随着潮汐的变化而像跷跷板一样摇摆，另外，在土耳其东部火山口设计竞赛中，建筑师设计了固定在悬臂上的氦气球。

摄影：Stephen Ball，版权：Bovis-Koala JV

Other developments include the construction of a 70-metre long suspended bridge, the restoration of numerous former military batteries and installations and introduction of interpretative and directional signage along newly established walking trails.
In Holland Dutch firm MVRDV recently won a contest to create a wave-like viewpoint on the coast of Holland, which is designed to rock like a seesaw with the changing of the tides, while a helium balloon tethered to a cantilevered track was among the winners in a competition to design a conceptual observation deck for a volcano's crater in eastern Turkey.
Photography is by Stephen Ball, courtesy of Bovis-Koala JV

















项目信息：
业主：直布罗陀HM政府
建筑事务所：Arc Designs，在概念设计阶段与Mayice Studio合作
项目管理：JLC Consulting
结构工程师：Bellapart、Ramboll
主承包商：Bovis Koala JV
钢结构和玻璃：Ales Grupo

Project Credits:
Client: HM Government of Gibraltar
Architect: Arc Designs, in collaboration with Mayice Studio at concept design stage
Project management: JLC Consulting
Structural engineers: Bellapart, in collaboration with Ramboll
Principal contractor: Bovis Koala JV
Steel structure and glazing: Ales Grupo