Superior Shade at University of West Georgia. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
户外遮阳设计：为您下一项遮阳结构设计提供的6条建议
Shade Structures for Outdoor Spaces: 6 Tips to Incorporate Into Your Next Project
由专筑网丁康杰，王雪纯编译
在任何成功的建设项目中，为使用者提供舒适的户外空间是必不可少的。而在四季的任何时节，组合式的遮阳结构都能以一种轻巧、灵活、美观的方式创造出能够抵御风、灰尘、阳光、雨、雪和噪音的空间。
考虑到这一点，我们在为室外空间选择遮阳结构时应该注意什么？下面，我们将更为您提供一些由Superior Recreational Products公司提出的一些优质建议。
In any successful architectural project, it is essential to provide users with a comfortable outdoor space. At any time of the year, modular shade structures can create spaces that protect from wind, dust, sun, rain, snow, and noise in a light, flexible and aesthetically pleasing way.
With this in mind, what should we look for when choosing shade structures for outdoor spaces? Below, we've provided you with Superior Recreational Products's top recommendations.
1. 遮阳结构必须有效地抵御气候影响
一个优良的遮阳结构应该能够让人在任何天气条件下都能进行户外活动：它需要具备抵抗强风和降水的能力，起到防尘、降噪、防紫外线等作用。比如可以承受高达每小时150英里强风的遮阳结构。
1.The shade structure must effectively resist climatic conditions
A good structure should allow users to enjoy the outdoors in all weather conditions: resisting gusts of wind and precipitation, operate as a barrier against dust, dampen noise, and include UV protection, among others. For instance, some structures types can withstand wind gusts of up to 150 miles per hour.
Superior Shade at Seabrook Island. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
Superior Shade at Seabrook Island. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
防水质地的面料、防紫外线的高密度聚乙烯面料、钢骨架、不锈钢元件及配件都能很好地实现以上效果。遮阳棚的颜色选择也会影响对有害紫外线的防护水平。
Waterproof fabrics,UV stabilized high-density polyethylene fabrics, perimeter steel frames, stainless steel elements and accessories work very well to achieve these effects. The chosen color can also influence the level of protection against harmful UV rays.
Steel Frame Waterproof Shade. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
2. 遮阳结构必须根据支撑点、形状和遮阳区域的大小最大限度地利用空间
我们有各种各样的选择让自己在不妨碍或限制生活区域的情况下为外部空间遮阳。正方形、长方形、六角形或八角形的伞状结构——都有一个支撑点——通过连接不同的装置并使支撑的柱子保持距离，可以有效地覆盖大片区域。
2. It must maximize the use of space according to the support points, shape, and the size of the shade structure
There are various options that allow us to shade the exterior without hindering or restricting the living space. Umbrellas of a square, rectangle, hexagonal, or octagonal shape - all with a single point of support - can effectively cover large areas by joining different units and distancing their pillars.
Commercial Umbrellas. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
Single Post Umbrella. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
另一方面，悬臂式遮阳结构通过两个支撑点被抬升至空间上方，以避免影响空间下方的人群活动。这种设计在人行道、公交车站台座位、露天看台和停车场都有很好的效果。
Cantilever-type structures, on the other hand, rise through two support points and fly over the space so as to not interrupt the activities that take place underneath. They work very well in walkways, bus stop seating, bleachers and parking lots.
Milwaukee County Zoo. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
Cantilever Shade Structures. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
3. 选择灵活的遮阳结构
如果您的户外空间设计用于满足各种功用，我们建议您选择易开启和关闭的可移动遮阳结构。伞状遮阳结构可以快速打开和收回，其中有些可以旋转360度，能在需要的时间和地点进行定向遮阳。
3.Choose flexible shade structures
If your outdoor space is designed to be used for various functions, we recommend that you choose mobile shade that is easy to open and close. Umbrella type shade structures can be quickly opened and retracted, and some include the option to pivot 360 degrees, orienting the shade when and where required.
Vista Waterproof Umbrella. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
4. 如果你的遮阳结构包含纺织面料，请特别留意质量问题
遮阳结构的面料非常关键——除了决定空间的整体美感，面料的表层会直接受到该地区气候条件的影响。蕾切尔针织面料具有防褪色、抗磨损、耐腐烂、耐收缩、耐开裂等性能。另外，纺织面料能通过呼吸作用来允许热空气上升和发散，从而创造一个更加凉爽的环境。
4. If your shade includes fabric, pay special attention to its quality
The fabric of a shade structure is key - apart from determining the general aesthetic of the space, its surface directly receives the impact of the area's climatic conditions. Rachel-knitted fabrics are resistant to fading, abrading, rotting, shrinkage and unraveling. In addition, the fabric breathes, allowing hot air to rise and escape, thus creating a cooler environment.
Superior Shade at University of West Georgia. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
Fabric Colors. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
5. 遮阳结构的高度可以完全改变空间的整体氛围
屋顶或屋檐的高度在决定户外空间的特征时起了至关重要的作用。遮阳结构较低时可以产生一个更私密和隐蔽的空间，而较高的遮阳结构可以营造一个更开放和正式的氛围。虽然有各种各样的遮阳结构高度，但是最常见的是七到十二英尺之间。
5. The height of your shade structure can completely change the atmosphere of the space
The height of the roof or eaves is essential when determining the character of the outdoor space. A lower height can generate a more intimate and sheltered space, while a higher one gives a more open and formal atmosphere. While there is a large variety of shade structure heights, the most common is between seven and twelve feet.
Shade Structures at USSSA Space Coast Complex in Melbourne, Fla. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
6. 通过帆状结构，设计具有动态而别具一格的空间
通过三角形、双曲线、六角形和方形，帆状遮阳结构可以混合不同的颜色，排列不同的高度，将这些形状组合成动态而有趣的空间。
6.Design dynamic and exceptional spaces with sail-like structures
With triangular, hyperbolic, hexagonal, and square shapes, sail-like shades can be grouped to form dynamic and fun spaces, mixing different colors and varying in heights and arrangements.
Superior Shade at University of West Georgia. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
Shade Sails. Image Courtesy of Superior Recreational Products
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