宜家Space10的Solarville建议社区使用区块链共享太阳能
Space10's SolarVille proposes communities share solar energy using blockchain

由专筑网朱王倩，蒋晖编译

宜家研究实验室Space10已经制作了一座木制微型村庄，用来展示社区如何可以创造自己的循环清洁能源系统。

该设计提议使用太阳能板和区块链技术，借助邻里交易方案，实现运作良好有效的能源系统。

IKEA's research lab Space10 has crafted a miniature wooden village to demonstrate how communities could create their own circular clean energy system.
The proposal uses solar panels and blockchain technology to create a functioning energy system via a neighbour-to-neighbour trading scheme.



Space10和SachsNottveit建筑事务所，以及区块链专家BLOC、Blocktech 、WeMoveIdeas共同想出该设计方案，可允许小城市生产和分享自身可负担得起的可再生能源。

该装置是以Solar村庄为原型，采用1:50的比例建造。它包含一系列被悬挂的台灯照亮的微型木制房屋，这些光线模拟太阳光。

SachsNottveit联合创立者 Anders Nottveit说道：“我们的设计方式是把复杂的技术项目变成人们日常熟悉的、有趣的事物。”

Space10 and architecture practice SachsNottveit brought the idea to life with blockchain experts BLOC, Blocktech and WeMoveIdeas, which would allow small towns to make and share their own affordable, renewable energy.
The installation is a working prototype of a village, called SolarVille, built to a 1:50 scale. It comprises a series of miniature wooden houses illuminated by an overhanging lamp to imitate the sun.
"Our design approach was to turn a very complicated, technical project into something familiar, approachable and playful," said SachsNottveit co-founder Anders Nottveit.



该概念是家庭可以用太阳能板生产各家的可再生能源，并且社区中的其他家庭可以通过使用区块链技术直接从生产商处购买多余的电。

该方案旨在通过在乡村社区建立共同生产的微型电网，实现可再生能源的广泛使用。

Space10说道：“SolarVille对于未来而言是一个完全可以实现的事情，在这里人们使用的能源是以最纯粹的形式存在。人们可以从自己的社区购买可再生能源，意味着资金流动一直在社区内部。”

The concept sees households generate their own renewable energy using solar panels, and any excess electricity generated can be purchased by other households in the community directly from the producer using blockchain technology.
It aims to democratise access to renewable energy by establishing co-operative micro-grids in village communities.
"SolarVille is an ambitious yet fully realisable concept for the future," said Space10. "[It's] power to the people in its most pure form. People buy renewable energy from their own community, which means the money stays in their community."



Space10和SachsNottveit选择硬木用建造村庄，因为其“暖色调和自然感”的特点，设计者们觉得这样与项目的技术本质形成对比。

他们解释道：“另一个重要的设计决定是形成一种具有包容性的建筑语言，可以将来自不同国家文化的建筑细节和城市建筑结合起来——这样SolarVille在实现自给自足的同时不会受到语言文化的影响。

装置中嵌在每座房子前面亮着的一排小LED灯，展示社区内的能源交易，同时桌子旁的开口可以让参观者通过区块链技术看到实时的能源交易。

这些特点方便参观者观察，并与正在进行点对点区块链网络交易实现交互。

Space10 and SachsNottveit chose to build the village from hardwood for its "warm and natural" qualities, which they felt contrasted with the technical nature of the project.
"Another important design decision was to develop an inclusive architectural language that combined building details and city structures from different cultures and countries–so SolarVille didn't speak to one part of the world while alienating others," they explained.
Rows of small LEDs embedded in front of each house on the installation light up to show the energy traded within the community, while a hatch on the side of the table allows visitors to see the real-time energy transactions taking place via the blockchain technology.
These features allow visitors to observe and interact with a functioning and scalable system of energy resources being traded in a peer-to-peer blockchain network as it's happening.



该模型村庄使用太阳能板收集来自太阳充足的能量，以确保系统可以高效地储存多余的能量，为雨天提供。

能源通过电缆分配给当地社区连接的家庭，共同创建运行的微电网。

Space10说道：“在世界不同区域，太阳能已经具有成本竞争，并且我们唯一期望的是价格会持续下降。经过一个世纪的发展停滞，电池已经开始快速发展，导致更多的能源储存和更便宜的价格，使得电池商业发展更好。”

The model village uses solar panels to harness the free and abundant energy from the sun, ensuring that the system can efficiently store any excess energy received for a rainy day.
This energy is then distributed using wires to connect households in the local neighbourhood together to create a standalone micro-grid.
"Solar power is already cost competitive in several areas of the world and we can only expect a continuous fall in prices," said Space10. "[And] after a century of stagnation, batteries have started to rapidly develop, leading to much better storage and much cheaper prices, which makes batteries commercially viable."
   


区块链技术提供了一个安全和分散的贸易平台。它记录和储存人们之间的直接的能源交易，并且当条件不能满足时做出自动干预的行为。

这样降低了交易成本，并且提高了其透明度和安全性。

Space10解释道：“去掉中间商是迈向真正的分布式能源系统的最后一步，该系统可为人们提供负担得起的清洁能源。”

The blockchain technology offers a secure and decentralised trading platform. It records and stores the direct energy transactions between people, and automatically intervenes when certain conditions aren't met.
This reduces transaction costs as well as increasing transparency and security.
"The cutting out of intermediaries is the final step towards a truly distributed energy system that could potentially empower people with affordable, clean energy," explained Space10.



Space10 创意总监补充道：“集中能源系统速度较慢，并且资金匮乏，不足以覆盖被能源限制的11亿人们。今天以集中式电网覆盖这一举措来帮助这些居民几乎是一件不可能完成的任务。”

他继续说道：“SolarVille展示了串联工作时，这样的技术如太阳能板、微电网和区块链开放带来了新机遇：离网型系统允许居民可以跃过传统电网。”

"Centralised energy systems are often too slow and economically inadequate to reach the 1.1 billion people who remain locked in energy poverty," added Space10 creative director Bas Van De Poel. "It's an almost impossibly expensive task to reach these people with the centralised energy networks we have in place today."
"SolarVille shows that when working in tandem, technologies such as solar panels, micro-grids and blockchain open new opportunities: off-grid systems allowing people to leapfrog traditional grid electricity," he continued.



SolarVille创意总监认为今天有可能将这些技术措施实现。

Space10主创Mikkel Christopher说：“我们可以积极地选择采取主要措施去减缓全球变暖的趋势，稳定气候。同时让我们摆脱对消耗自然资源的依赖。”

Christopher建议实施该系统将通过使清洁能源变得可获得和可负担，为数百万人提供能源。他说：“该技术已经存在，因此下一步要采取积极的选择去实践。”

Space10是宜家建立的创新实验室，意在为更可持续的未来设计。实验室先前设计了一份由米虫汉堡和藻类热狗组成的菜单，为预测的全球粮食危机提供了答案。

摄影：Irina Boersma

The creators of SolarVille believe that it is possible to put these measures into place today.
"We can actively choose to take major steps to reduce global warming and stabilise our climate," said Space10 lead creative producer Mikkel Christopher. "We can actively choose to free ourselves from being dependent on depleting natural resources."
Christopher suggests that implementing this system would empower millions of people by making clean energy accessible and affordable.
"The technology exists, so the next step is to make an active choice to put it into practice," he said.
Space10–an innovation lab set up by IKEA–continually aims to develop designs for a more sustainable future. The lab previously devised a menu of mealworm burgers and algae hotdogs that could offer the answer to the predicted global food crisis.
Photography is by Irina Boersma.