TRINITY SQUARE

由专筑网胡婧宜，李韧编译

来自re-form景观事务所的描述：Hull市中心项目是一个改变城市面貌、利用公共空间、推动城市经济文化发展的机会。该项目是Hull2017年“英国文化之城”项目的重要组成部分。“文化之城”项目不仅对城市建设提供资金，同时也为城市内部公共空间和文化联系提供契机。市中心不仅会成为市民的骄傲，更会成为体验和参与文化的场所，可以用于举办日常街头文化以及重大文化节日。

re-form landscape architecture: The Hull City Centre project was a once in a generation opportunity to change the face of the city and use the quality and user experience of public space to drive the city’s cultural and economic ambitions. This project was a major part of Hull’s time as UK City of Culture in 2017, which provided an urgency and ambition to deliver a major investment in the city’s fabric, but also an opportunity to create an intrinsic link between the city’s culture and its public spaces. The city centre needed to become somewhere that local people could feel proud but also to experience and take part in culture – from every day street culture to major programmed events.









三一广场（Trinity Square）是该市旧城区的中心，是Hull大教堂及圣公会所在地，也是周边社区的活动核心场地。然而这个广场长期以来一直缺乏维护，周边公路以及停车空间也不充足，也就意味着时常需要占用教堂围墙内空间用于停车。重建计划与教区达成协议，拆除隔离墙以形成一个更大更灵活的空间，为社区、教会以及市议会活动提供场所。这个空间需要谨慎的设计，衬托教堂的宁静气质，而不是与教堂立面相竞争。现有的树木得以保留，为广场休憩提供树荫和古朴的气质。四个成角的长凳形成了八个镜面水池空间，当人们从中穿行时，每个镜面水池都会映出教堂的不同角度。镜面水池对人们具有强大的吸引力，诱使人们触摸、进入水池或凝视水面的波纹。设计经过精心策划，尽量减少对地下水的破坏，并邀请考古队员加入研究，这些考古队员通过表层遗迹确定了教堂地下室的位置。

Trinity Square marks the centre of the city’s Old Town. It provides the setting for the Grade I Listed Hull Minster and Trinity House and is home to a strong community centred around the church. The space had suffered from a lack of maintenance, over-dominant highway design and a shortage of space for church parking, that meant cars parked on the ledger stones within the church wall. re-form agreed with Historic England and the Diocese of York, to remove the wall and create a large flexible space that would support the community and provide a valuable place to host events for the church and the city council. The space is now a sensitively designed place that celebrates, rather than competes with the intricacy of the Minster facade and keeps those experiential qualities of calmness and tranquillity which define it. Existing Plane trees have been incorporated into the design, retaining some maturity and the environmental benefits of dappled shade and shelter to the seating. Four corner benches frame a space that contains eight mirror pools, each of which reflect a different detail of the Minster as people walk through the space. The mirror pools are engaging in different ways – enticing people to touch, walk through them or stare at the occasional pulse which creates beautiful patterns in the surface. The square was built atop a medieval graveyard. The scheme was planned carefully to minimise disruption to the sub-surface, and construction was undertaken alongside a team of archaeologists who exhumed some of the shallowest remains for relocation to the Minster’s crypt.











现场条件安装8个4m×4m镜面水池是最具挑战性的步骤。每个镜面池底都需要完全水平，误差范围在2mm以内，工人们的精准施工让4mm深的水池保持了连贯性。每个水池的周围通过3d切割，构成1×1m的方形区域，让顶面标高与主路面一致。这意味着，当水池封闭之后，这些方形区域同样也消失在视野中，从而构成了广场的完整性。

The site conditions caused a particular challenge in installing the eight 4×4 m mirror pools, each of which needed to be perfectly level. Specialist stone masons worked the sandstone surface within a 2 mm tolerance from each corner, to allow the 4 mm deep water to be consistent. Around the perimeter of each pool, the 1×1 m square flags have been cut in 3D to connect the levels back into the main paved surface. This means that when the water is turned off, they become invisible and the surface across the square retains its integrity.







现在新商业空间已经入驻广场周边，更多的人流开始涌入这里，形成了城市的重要集散地。由于其空间灵活性，广场可用于举办文化活动或装置展示。比如近期，由艺术家Pezo von Ellrichhausen和Felice Varini设计的RIBA获奖装置“Hull大厅”、皇家芭蕾舞团的表演“起飞”、艺术家Felice Varini设计的雕塑灯饰“我们从何而来”。广场还会举办每月的集市，以及一些教会的小型活动。

New businesses have now opened around the square allowing more people to occupy the space and create a significant destination in the city. The space is used more intensively for cultural events and installations due to its flexibility. Recent examples include; A Hall for Hull – a RIBA winning installation by Pezo von Ellrichhausen and artist Felice Varini, Take Flight – a performance by the Royal Ballet and Where Do We Go From Here – A sculptural lighting installation by artist Jason Bruges. The square also hosts a monthly food market and is used regularly by the church for smaller occasions.







三一广场在2017年得到频繁使用，并在发扬城市文化方面发挥了重要作用。

Hull市长Martin Green 这样评价广场在文化方面所起的作用：“人们正在探索他们的城市空间，并寻找他们喜爱的地方。社团活动使他们意识到他们周围的空间可以利用，他们可以在这里举办活动。新活动、节日有规律地在广场上出现，并获得人们的喜爱，这与广场设计的成功密不可分。这项设计给我们宣传城市文化提供了有效的空间，可以使人们重新看待他们所居住的城市，这座城市是伟大遗产。这个公共空间会一直存在。”

Trinity Square was used extensively throughout 2017 and played a pivotal role in the discovery and celebration of the city’s culture. Martin Green, CEO of Hull 2017 described this link;
‘‘People are taking ownership of their city spaces and developing an appetite for exploration, which is leading them to discover new favourite places. Communities and groups realise that the spaces around them are theirs to make use of, with new events, festivals and shows popping up with greater regularity. The success of such events has been indivisible from the public realm works. The work has provided us with amazing spaces to deliver cultural events and our programme has inspired people to see their city in a new light. This is a magnificent legacy for the city… The new public realm will be here for a very long time.”



事实证明，这个广场及其所有的文化项目也推动了城市的经济改革。自第一阶段完成以来，已有131家新企业开业，市中心的客流量增加了11％，其中一些主要的步行街人流量显著增长。三一广场的重建帮助周围零售行业的销售额增长了12.3％，食品和饮料行业的销售额增长了22％，这同时也帮助城市扩大了家庭及夜间经济。主要的市中心景点的游客人数增加了10-15％，Ferens美术馆和海洋馆的游客人数创下了新纪录。

The wider project has proved to be a huge success in terms of cultural, social and economic change. Since the completion of the first phase there have been 131 new businesses open and an 11% increase in footfall across the city centre, with some of the key pedestrian streets showing a significant increase. The redevelopment of Trinity Square helped create a 12.3 % increase in sales across all retail sectors and a 22% increase in the food and beverage sector – one of the council’s key targets to attract more families as well as broadening its night time economy. Major city centre attractions had a 10-15% rise in visitor numbers and the Ferens Art Gallery and Maritime Museum reported their highest visitor numbers since records began.



项目信息
项目名称：三一广场
项目位置：英国
设计事务所： re-form landscape architecture
项目时间：2015-2016年
建成时间：2017年
占地面积：3500平米
预算：290万欧元
图片版权：Neil Nicklin, Dan Wheeler

Project information
Project name: Trinity Square, Hull
Location: Hull, United Kingdom
Design firm: re-form landscape architecture
Design year: 2015-2016
Completed: 2017
Area: 3,500 ㎡
Budget: ￡2.9 m
Image credit: Neil Nicklin and Dan Wheeler (City of Culture)