Buffelsdrift Farm / SAOTA + Jaco Booyens Architect
由专筑网小R编译
来自建筑事务所的描述：该项目位于南非Buffelsdrift，这里是西开普省的干旱地区Klein Karoo，由SAOTA与Jaco Booyens建筑事务所设计，建筑师们对生土建筑有着颇深的理解与研究，该项目近期也获得了2019年第七届国际Domus修复与保护大赛的金奖，这个奖项在国际上享有盛誉，尤其在建筑与景观的修复、在开发方面颇为权威。
Text description provided by the architects. The restoration of the ensemble of heritage buildings on Buffelsdrift, west of Ladismith in the arid Klein Karoo region of the Western Cape, by SAOTA and Jaco Booyens Architect, a specialist in clay buildings, recently won the gold medal at the seventh edition (2019) of the international Domus Restoration and Conservation Award (www.premiorestauro.it) in Italy. The award recognises “excellence in the field of restoration, redevelopment and architectural and landscape recovery at an international level”.
整体的修复工作需要在Swartberg山下的山谷中设计建造一系列开普敦建筑，其中包含一座主要住宅和两座谷仓，另外还有一个商店，在不远的地方有一座平屋面建筑，这座建筑有着典型的Ladismith风格，一开始的功能是葡萄酒商店，场地上的其他建筑则有一座现代化棚屋、一座山顶小屋，以及一个墓地。
The restoration involved a cluster of Cape buildings in a valley beneath the Swartberg mountain range, consisting of a main house and two barns, plus a store. A short way off is a flat-roofed building, typical of the Ladismith style, which was originally used as a wine store. Other structures on the property include a contemporary shed, a cottage further up a hill and a graveyard.
住宅、谷仓、葡萄酒商店都经过了修复，SAOTA事务所的负责人Greg Truen于2016年购买了这个农场，他认为这些建筑进行了一点扩建与改造，整体情况良好，原有的建筑状态也不错，谷仓基本没有受到影响，在上世纪70年代，主要住宅的翻新部分被拆除，同时增加了现代化的厨房和浴室，全新的泵房建筑也建造在附近，这样的设计与施工也是现代建筑的一次测试，其中应用了与传统建筑相似的材料和技术，例如泥浆和圆柱状的部分墙体，另外还有砖拱屋面，环绕着建筑的景观构成了一系列低矮的露台。
The house, barns and wine store were all restored. SAOTA director Greg Truen, who acquired the farm in 2016, notes that while minor additions and modern alterations had been made to the buildings, the original house, was “in good condition, considering” and that the barns were “fundamentally untouched”. In the main house, evidence of earlier refurbishments in the 1970s, were stripped out, while modern kitchen and bathrooms were inserted in an adaptive approach to conservation. A new pump house was added near the dam wall on the property. Its design and construction were an experiment in contemporary architecture using the same materials and techniques as the heritage buildings, including poured mud or “cob” walls, as well as brick vaulted roofs. The landscaping around the house took the form of a series of low terraces.
在18世纪中期，这片场地上就有了畜牧业，而早在19世纪以前，这里就是一片农场了，最初的圆形农场多年来得以分割缩小，而农场上的主要建筑则可以追溯到1852年，在门的上方刻有Isak Wilhelm van der Vyver的字母缩写“IWDV”，Van der Vyver家族在1768年就和Buffesldrift保持着联系，当时他们首次租下了这个农场。
Licences to graze livestock on the land date back to the mid-1700s, and it is clear that it was farmed before the 1800s. The original circular farm was divided into smaller parts over the years. The main house on this portion on the farm dates back to 1852. The date and initials IWDV, Isak Wilhelm van der Vyver, are inscribed above the door. The Van der Vyver family was associated with Buffesldrift as far back as 1768, when they first leased the farm.
但是，在1852年这个地区也开始发展，果树、葡萄等物种种植于此，到了19世纪末期和20世纪初期，这里的农作物便不再种植，而是养殖鸵鸟，因为鸵鸟的羽毛在国际上很有市场，但是市场的崩溃，以及战争干旱所带来的经济影响，曾经繁荣的农场不复存在，现在这里种植得最多的是橄榄。
Incidentally, 1852 was the year in which Ladismith was proclaimed, unlocking growth and development in the area. Fruit trees, grapes and other crops were farmed in the valley, although by the late 1800s and early 20th century, crops were largely abandoned in favour of ostrich farming, which brought great prosperity as a result of the international ostrich feather boom. The collapse of the fashion for ostrich feathers, war and drought brought economic devastation, and the once-bustling valley was largely abandoned. Now olives are commonly farmed in the valley.
建筑的前侧是中央起居室，两侧各有一间卧室，T字部分则是餐厅，在建筑前侧有黄木梁和天花板，但是T字部分的椽子仍然直接裸露在外，带有壁炉的倾斜部分增加了砖石，这里是厨房。
The front section of the house consists of a central living room with a bedroom on each side. The T- section included a dining area. While the front section had yellowwood beams and ceilings, the rafters in T-section were exposed. A lean-to section with a fireplace had been added in one of the elbows of the T using sundried bricks. It was being used as a kitchen.
建筑与谷仓应用的是开普敦的传统技术而建造，墙体由泥浆与生土建造而成，宽度大约为700mm，Fisher写过：“这种施工方法后来为荷兰殖民者、徒步旅行者普遍采用，需要在生土地面上加入一定比例的砂石，也可能是稻草或者粪便，把它们放在一起，再经过牛蹄的踩踏而成。”（引用自William John Burchell的《南非大陆的旅行》）
The house and barns had been constructed according to the usual technique used by Dutch settlers in the Cape, with walls of poured mud or clay, cast layer by layer about 700mm wide. “This method of construction – ubiquitously used by Dutch settlers, trekboers and later Voortrekkers – requires a source of clayey ground into which is added ‘a good proportion’ of sand and grit, possibly straw or dung, combined in a pit, all trod through by oxen-hooves in span,” writes Fisher (quoting William John Burchell’s Travels In The Interior Of Southern Africa).
建筑设计：Jaco Booyens Architect, SAOTA
类型：住宅/翻新
面积：140000 m2
时间：2020年
摄影：Adam Letch
制造商：Weylandts, Bronpi, Cannata, Gluex, Glutone, Rubio Monocaot
主创建筑师：SAOTA, Jaco Booyens Architect
室内设计：ARRCC
承包商：Pro-Projects and De Kock Bouers
景观设计：Fritz Coetzee
定制家具：OKHA
屋面：Thatching - JNA Thatchers
浇灌设施：Groen Karoo
家具设计：Pieter Coetzee, designed by Greg Truen
楼梯设计：Jaco Booyens Architect
城市：Ladismith
国家：南非
HOUSES, RESTORATION
LADISMITH, SOUTH AFRICA
Architects: Jaco Booyens Architect, SAOTA
Area: 140000 m2
Year: 2020
Photographs: Adam Letch
Manufacturers: Weylandts, Bronpi, Cannata, Gluex, Glutone, Rubio Monocaot
Architect In Charge: SAOTA, Jaco Booyens Architect
Interior Designer: ARRCC
Contractor: Pro-Projects and De Kock Bouers
Landscaping: Fritz Coetzee
Bespoke Furniture: OKHA
Roofing: Thatching - JNA Thatchers
Irrigation: Groen Karoo
Furniture Design: Pieter Coetzee, designed by Greg Truen
Staircase Design: Jaco Booyens Architect
City: Ladismith
Country: South Africa
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