Himmerland Housing Estate Renovation
由专筑网韩平，杨帆编译
来自事务所的描述：将1977年由预制“起重机轨道”建造的希默兰住房协会转变为一个欢迎性的可持续的花园城市综合体，这370间住宅的转型和改造改变了原有的单调性，其崭新的木质外立面，特点主要为大窗户、法式阳台和飘窗，都赋予了住宅充满阳光和舒适性的外观。
From the architect. The conversion and renovation of 370 homes transforms the monotonous, 1977 prefabricated "crane track" estate of the Himmerland Housing Association into a welcoming and sustainable garden city complex. The new timber-clad façades feature large windows, French balconies and bay windows, filling the homes with light and a pleasant outlook.
© Mark Hadden
一些住房结合成大的公寓，但有些则向上扩展为有着开放空间和通高玻璃立面的现代化的双层屋顶公寓。因此，18世纪70年代风格的住宅转变成了当代家庭友好型的联排别墅。
Some homes are combined into larger flats, while others are being expanded upwards as modern, two-storey roof-top flats with open spaces and full-height glazing. The 1970s estate is thus transformed into a contemporary, family-friendly cluster of townhouses.
© Mark Hadden
底层公寓都是可进入的永久性住宅，主要以小型私人花园和车库为特征。作为整个可持续策略的一部分，全新的外立面和屋顶型公寓被设计成可以实时简单安装的预制型单元。
Ground floor apartments are fully accessible life-time homes, featuring small private gardens and a carport. As part of the overall sustainability strategy, the new cladding and roof-top flats are designed as pre-fabricated units which are simply hoisted in place.
© Mark Hadden
符合丹麦2020年低能耗严格要求的共享型社区活动建筑，位于社区中心，成为本地区所有希默兰住宅协会居民自发集会的场所。
A shared community activity building, which meets the strict requirements of the Danish low-energy class 2020, is located centrally as a natural gathering point for all of Himmerland Housing Association's residents in the area.
© Mark Hadden
全面转型/All-round Transformation.
住宅区的19和22号公寓是典型的18世纪70年代公共住宅的典型。当你到达这个区域，可以看到户外空间都空空荡荡——荒凉且毫无特点的中心停车场，开阔的草坪和统一的灌木组合成了单调的植被。
The Departments 19 and 22 of the housing estate were typical examples of public housing dating from the 1970s. On arrival at the complex, the outdoor areas were deserted. There were desolate and anonymous central car parks and monotonous vegetation in the shape of open lawns and uniform shrubs and bushes.
© Mark Hadden
该建筑群与本土特色完全不同，每个住宅单元都进行了改变。休闲区域都是零星的，分散的，他们的区位并不清晰。住宅单元前面是公共的外墙，这些区域不归个人所有。
The complex turned its back on the local area and each individual residential unit turned in on itself. The recreational areas were sporadic, fragmented and their identity unclear. The areas in front of the residential units were public right up to the facades, and no-one took ownership of these areas.
© Mark Hadden
现存的混凝土立面是十分单调、沉重、破旧的。窄小的窗户和笨重的阳台导致了住宅单元的阴暗，也展现出不受欢迎的外观。公寓通风良好，但在结构的关键部位有严重的热损失。
The existing concrete façades were monotonous, sad and dilapidated. Small windows and ponderous balconies resulted in dark residential units and an unwelcoming appearance. Flats were draughty, and the structure showed severe heat loss in critical areas.
© Mark Hadden
该改造项目已经将这个无名的住宅区域转变为一个充满活力的，社会可持续的区域。这里的景观元素可以让你很轻松地找到路线，并且将前面的花园进行开放，创造出该地区的特性。前面的露天花园鼓励居民利用住宅间的空间，以增加公共空间的安全感。同样，通过俯瞰整个区域的窗户和阳台，也使前面得封闭式围墙始终充满活力。
The renovation project has transformed this anonymous residential area into a vibrant, socially sustainably district, in which landscape elements make it easy to find your way and open front gardens create individual identity for this location.The open front gardens encourage residents to take ownership of the spaces between the houses and add a sense of security in the public spaces. Similarly, the former closed end-walls have been revitalized, with windows and balconies overlooking more of the area.
© Mark Hadden
通过砖砌墙、黑色预制木材板与落地玻璃门窗，以及具有特色的“屋顶盒子”，钢材与玻璃制成的轻质楼梯，为建筑群保留了18世纪70年代的特点，这些都符合日德兰半岛北部公共住宅改造设置的新规范。
With the brick gables, black-painted prefabricated timber cladding with glass sections from floor to ceiling, characteristic "roof boxes" and new light stairways in steel and glass, the building complex has left the 1970s behind, setting contemporary new standards for the renovation of public housing in northern Jutland.
© Mark Hadden
所有的公寓都经过彻底地翻新，入口空间也进行了改进。另外，通过转型和延展，建立了之前住宅协会这两个部分的公寓范围内没有的住宅新类型。例如，91栋翻新的公寓现在是双层的单元，并配备了大型的南向阳台。但是这些彻底翻新的两室或三室公寓都有着坚实的基础。然而，更有趣的是新的住宅类型也扩展了该地区居民的类型。
All of the flats have been fully renovated, accessibility has been improved and, via conversions and extensions, new types of housing have been established that were not previously among the range of flats offered in these two sections of the housing association. For example, 91 of the refurbished flats are now two-storey units and many have large, south-facing balconies. There is still a solid base of well-renovated two- and three-room flats, while more interesting new home typologies are added to bring a greater diversity of residents into the area.
© Mark Hadden
可持续策略/Sustainability Strategy
总体的可持续策略基于全盘发展的考虑，环境、金融和社会因素都纳入影响范围。我们希望在改造的建筑品质，通用资金限制以及多种完整的可持续性措施之间寻求具有凝聚力的相互作用。
The overall sustainability strategy is based on a holistic approach, in which the environmental, financial and social aspects are all incorporated into the concept. We seek to achieve cohesive interplay between the architectonic qualities in the renovation, the general financial limitations and a variety of integral sustainability measures.
© Mark Hadden
希默兰住宅协会希望这次改造能够强调社会可持续性、环境可持续性、可达性、开放性、多样性、差异性和统一性。因此，项目基于一个清晰且具有前瞻性的可持续发展策略，涉及解决能源优化，合理的施工技术，预制房屋配件，气候变化的适应性，社会生活品质和当地社区各个方面。
The Himmerland Housing Association wished the renovation to give emphasis to social sustainability, environmental sustainability, accessibility, openness, variety, diversity and identity.The project is therefore based on a clear, forward-looking sustainability strategy, which addresses energy optimisation, rational construction techniques, prefabrication, climate-change resilience, social living qualities and the local community.
© Mark Hadden
在不影响创建一个独特的新社区的宗旨的前提下，我们获得了这些因素间的凝聚力，首先运营和维护的成本较低，其次通过被动措施，所有的改造住宅都能够节约能源。
Cohesion of these factors has been achieved without compromising the aim to create a distinctive new neighbourhood, with low operating and maintenance costs, and all energy-savings in the renovated homes achieved solely by means of passive measures.
Site Plan/总平面图
场地设计是可持续和可行性策略的一部分，其中坡道取代了大多数的楼梯，而且引入可持续城市排水系统（SUDS），这包含了地表水渗透和建筑体块南侧洼地的渗水表面。活动中心建筑的南侧，建立了一个小小的“湿地”，以此作为雨床，处理增加的降水。雨床收集雨水，因此就不需要排水了。
The landscaping is part of the sustainability and accessibility strategy, replacing most stairs with ramps and introducing the use of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), including surface water infiltration and permeable surfaces in swales to the south of the blocks. South of the central activity building, a small "wetland" is established, with rain beds to handle increasing precipitation. The rain beds collect rainwater so that it does not have to be drained off.
Central Activity Zone
Community Centre Plan
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Cross Section/横向剖面
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Diagram/图解
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建筑设计：C.F. Mølle
地点：丹麦，奥尔堡
面积：30700.0㎡
项目年份：2016年
摄影：Mark Hadden
景观设计：C.F. Møller Landscape
建造工程：COWI
Architects:C.F. Møller
Location:Aalborg, Denmark
Area:30700.0 sqm
Project Year:2016
Photographs:Mark Hadden
Landscape Architect:C.F. Møller Landscape
Engineer:COWI
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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