Castellum Hoge Woerd
由专筑网Brick，vigo编译
来自建筑事务所的描述。Hoge Woerd城堡文化公园的设计建立在古罗马城堡建筑和景观的基础上，代表荷兰重要和独特的文化遗址。它包括剧院、餐厅、博物馆、环境/可持续发展中心、举办活动的庭院和用于社区项目的户外区域。
From the architect. The design for the Cultural Park Castellum Hoge Woerd is based on an architectural and landscape interpretation of an ancient Roman Castellum (fort), and represents an important – and unique – cultural heritage site in the Netherlands. It includes a theatre, restaurant, museum, environmental/sustainability centre, courtyard for events, and an outdoor area used for community programs.
© John Lewin Marshall
© John Lewin Marshall
上日耳曼-雷蒂安边墙曾经是罗马帝国的边境，是一条沿着莱茵河延伸的考古线，位于莱茵兰-普法尔茨州Finxbach和卡特韦克老莱茵河口之间。上日耳曼-雷蒂安边墙是欧洲边墙的一部分：它是从苏格兰安东尼墙到罗马尼亚黑海的考古遗址的延伸收藏，曾经形成单一的连贯军事系统。边墙被称为欧洲最大的考古遗迹。
The Lower Germanic Limes, once the border of the Roman Empire, is an archaeological line that stretches along the Rhine between Finxbach in Rhineland-Palatinate and the mouth of the Old Rhine at Katwijk. The Lower Germanic Limes are part of the European Limes: an elongated collection of archaeological sites running from the Antonine Wall in Scotland to the Black Sea in Romania, which once formed a single coherent military system. The Limes are also known as the largest archaeological monument of Europe.
© John Lewin Marshall
Ground Floor Plan/一层平面图
© John Lewin Marshall
城堡刚好建在罗马要塞遗址的轮廓上。新建筑界定它们为考古遗迹，这些建筑得到保护，公众能深入探索罗马帝国的边界生活，这个边界也就是荷兰的边墙。
The Castellum is built right on top of the contours of the remains of a Roman fortress. These are protected and viewed as an archaeological monument, and by defining them with a new building, the public can gain insight into life at the border of the Roman Empire – the ‘Limes’ – in the Netherlands.
© John Lewin Marshall
荷兰别处的考古遗址通常隐藏在表面下，这里的场地是令人兴奋的，公众可以参与并触摸。城堡也为Leidsche Rijn的形象做出贡献，它是2006年以来荷兰最大的住宅建筑工地。
While archaeological sites elsewhere in the Netherlands usually remain hidden beneath the surface, here the site is stimulating, engaging and tangible for the public. The Castellum also contributes to the identity of the Leidsche Rijn, the largest residential construction site in the Netherlands since 2006.
© Sven Eric Panjer
这个综合体有两个界定元素：遵循旧城堡轮廓的“墙”，打破防线的展馆。
城堡建在一个考古遗址上，2000年前这里有座城堡。地面的高度有本质差异：Hoge Woerd意思是“自然德雷克”。但是，基底在单一水平面上。“墙”宽5.5米，可用于不同的活动。墙的高度范围从4.5到6米。外墙是木制的，就像一座古老的要塞，但是有当代系统，由带有木条的钢框格栅组成。这个系统应用在内部和外部。有四个高10米的入口门。
The complex has two defining elements: the ‘walls’ that follow the contour of the old fortress and the pavilion that breaks this defensive line.
The fort was built on an archaeological monument, right where 2000 years ago there was a Castellum. The ground has substantial differences in height: Hoge Woerd means “a natural drake”. However, the floor is on a single level. The ‘walls’ are 5.5 meters wide, and can be used for different activities. The height of the walls ranges from 4.5 to 6 meters. The facades are made out of wood, just like an ancient fort but with a contemporary system, consisting of a clear grid of steel frames with wooden slats. This system is applied both on the inside and outside. There are four entrance gates with a height of 10 meters.
© John Lewin Marshall
在扩建的展馆建筑能发现传统城堡的偏差。扩建的原因在于想为Meern 1寻找空间，它是一条拥有二千年历史完好无损的罗马古船，在开发Leidsche Rijn的期间被发现和挖掘出来。展馆也是为250名游客提供现代礼堂的最好解决方案。展馆建筑穿过城堡的墙壁，它体现穿过堡垒的唯一元素，并且能看到庭院。展馆外墙由有图案的铝面板组成，参考了地方的历史。
Deviation from a traditional Castellum can be found in the added pavilion building. The reason for this addition lies in the desire to find a space for the Meern 1, a completely intact two thousand year old Roman ship, found and excavated during the development of the Leidsche Rijn. The pavilion is also the best solution to provide a modern auditorium for 250 visitors. The pavilion building cuts through the walls of the Castellum and it represents the only element that crosses the fort and provides a view to the courtyard. The facades of the pavilion consist of patterned aluminium panels, making reference to the history of the place.
Ground Floor/一层平面图
展馆内的功能被合并。剧场的休息室与餐厅合并，并为罗马古船提供了展览空间。这艘船位于玻璃板顶部，人们可以围绕它了解其历史。
Inside the pavilion, functions are combined. The foyer of the theatre merges with the restaurant and provides an exhibition space for the Roman ship. The ship lies on top of glass sheets and around it people can read about its history.
© Sven Eric Panjer
对于如此珍贵的考古地面上的建筑，古迹委员会已经建立明确的标准。其中一条标准规定地面可以压缩约10厘米。为了在城堡中达到这个标准，项目使用一个2米深的砂层来压缩和安排地下。然后移除1米，剩下的1米堤用于地基条和管道。这是为了防止损坏考古基质。几乎整个综合体建在沙上，除了展馆二楼的剧院之外没有桩基。这里使用了四组桩基，从而使展馆拥有混合地基。
The Monuments Commission have established clear criteria regarding building on such valuable archaeological ground. One of these provides that the ground can be compressed by approximately 10 cm. To achieve this at the Castellum, a 2 meters deep sand layer was used to compress and prepare the under-ground. One meter was then removed, and the remaining one-meter embankment was used for the foundation strips and for the piping. This is to prevent damage to the archaeological substrate. Almost the entire complex is built on sand, without a pile foundation with the exception of the theatre on the first floor of the pavilion. Here four clusters of foundation piles are used, thus giving the pavilion a hybrid foundation.
Sketch/草图
城堡的入口侧有个非正式广场，在这里旧澡堂的位置标有草和皮质钢。城堡被沟渠环绕，景观中的草坡显示老莱茵河过去流淌的地方。
At the entrance side of the Castellum there is an informal square where the location of the old bathhouse is marked with grass and cortex steel. The fort is surrounded by ditches, and grass slopes in the landscape indicate place where the Old Rhine used to flow.
© John Lewin Marshall
庭院是个露天草地。古罗马道路像十字穿过地域，并且穿过大门延伸。游客可以自由听解说和使用内部空间，它提供了安全的氛围，草坪被6米高的木堡垒包围。
The courtyard is an open grass field. The ancient Roman roads run like a cross through the terrain and extend through the gates. Visitors are free to interpret and use the inside space, which provides a safe atmosphere, a lawn surrounded by a six meter high wooden fort.
© John Lewin Marshall
在建筑的东边，有个露天场地用于社区活动。这里有许多不同的花园，它们有不同的用途。为了方便这些活动：摊位、存储室、养蜂场和温室，这些建筑根据材料和村里好玩的布置形成一个整体，并且反映给城堡综合体带来的附加价值。
On the east side of the building, there is an open field for community activities. There are many different gardens with different purposes. To facilitate those activities: a stall, a storage, a apiary and a greenhouse. These buildings form an ensemble in terms of materials and playful positioning in the country, and represent an added value to the Castellum complex.
Section/截面图
Section/截面图
SKETS除了指导建筑工作，也负责室内设计，并且在博物馆展览设计中担任主管。建筑通过结合许多不同观点来设计，各学科之间的合作是至关重要的。建筑师在确保这点上发挥了管理和引导作用。
SKETS, in addition to conducting the architectural work, was also responsible for the design of the interior and acted as a supervisor in the design of the museum exhibition. The building is designed by bringing together a number of different perspectives, where the cooperation between the various disciplines is essential. The architects played a directing and guiding role in ensuring this.
© Sven Eric Panjer
© John Lewin Marshall
© John Lewin Marshall
Location/位置图
Location/位置图
1st Floor Plan/二层平面图
1st Floor Plan/二层平面图
Section/截面图
建筑设计：SKETS architectuurstudio
项目位置：荷兰，乌得勒支，Woerdlaan 1
建筑负责：SKETS architectuurstudio
项目面积：23934.0平方米
项目时间：2015年
摄影：John Lewin Marshall,Sven Eric Panjer
制造商：Mosa
Architects：SKETS architectuurstudio
Location：Woerdlaan 1, 3454 VH Utrecht, Netherlands
Architect in Charge：SKETS architectuurstudio
Area：23934.0 sqm
Project Year：2015
Photographs：John Lewin Marshall,Sven Eric Panjer
Manufacturers：Mosa
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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