请问哪里有厕所？
Where Is The Toilet, Please? / M2.senos

由专筑网李韧，曹逸希编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：墓地里的厕所设计是个不具吸引力的项目，在这类的项目中，通常没有设计概要，也不需要特别的场地调研，甚至没有专门的预算报价。然而对建筑师来说，这却是一个令人振奋的实际项目。经过多次实地调研，建筑师发现场地环境并不好，狭窄的石板小路容易绊倒。然而，当建筑师收到为这座老旧建筑修复厕所的委托时，他们对场地仔细调研后仿佛感觉是第一次来到这里，他们看到的场地层次、街道、道路、广场、教堂、入口和出口、树木、石头和绿色的花圃……却是那么美丽、那么有条理！

Text description provided by the architects. Toilettes in a cemetery do not seem to be the most appealing projects. Not even for the design brief. Not even for the place. Not even for the budget. Nevertheless, for us, it was exciting! We have been there a few times before and we were always uncomfortable, looking at the floor trying not to stumble in the narrow paths between the great marble stones. So when we were asked to do the rehabilitation of the toilettes (the old building), it was as if it was the first time there. We perceive the hierarchies, the streets, the paths, the square, the church, the entrances and the exits, the trees, the stones, and the green flowerbeds… How beautiful and organized!

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

旧建筑的体量十分巨大，并且与周围环境格格不入，其巨大的平屋顶的高度几乎与教堂相当。从墓地南门能够清楚地看到这座建筑，事实上，这是一个亵渎神灵的做法。建筑师需要做的是将整个建筑体量缩小，并且精简内部的各项功能空间，因此，建筑师建造了一个带有运动感的抽象体量，其中没有门窗与廊道，只是运用了简单的瓷砖作为覆层，但为了与周围的环境相呼应，建筑师采用了低饱和度的绿色瓷砖，从而减少建筑的人工痕迹。为了形成均衡的建筑形体，绿色的瓷砖大面积地运用于建筑的内外空间。但接下来需要考虑的便是建筑的造价与技术策略。

The (old) building was huge and absolutely out of the context, with vast flat roofs that almost touch the chapel. It was a “sacrilege” to see this scenario from the south entrance of the cemetery. All we did was to reduce the size and to summarize the information. An abstract exercise to create an abstract object: no doors, no windows, no sheds or porches. The idea of using ceramic tile coating came naturally. And it was evident: the ceramic tiles had to be green. The object should be more related to the natural elements, and less with the constructed ones, highlighting the church that is so closeby. To achieve this, to create a uniform and neutral object, the ceramic tile must coat the entire building, from the facades to the rooftop. But then comes the reality: technical and economic reality – and rightly so!

© Nelson Garrido

拆迁-重建/Demolition-Reconstruction

© Nelson Garrido

然而工人们却无从入手，该如何安排项目进度？造价是否昂贵？建筑师们运用设计的方式解决了这些问题。建筑师在瓷砖中添加了一些特殊材料从而降低了施工的难度，这是一项团队工作，通过外墙上的两个开口可以进入建筑，在建筑的南侧，建筑师为墓地的工作人员设计了一些基础设施。建筑的主入口在北侧，从这里人们可以进入到建筑的中心区域，虽然这是在室内，建筑师仍然运用了一些室外的元素，他们引进了自然光线，同时运用了与周边小径类似的地面铺地。洗手盆是这里最主要的元素，因为它是男性、女性以及无障碍流线的交合点。

The workers did not know how to do it. And the time schedule? Was it expensive? The design solves everything! We add some plasters to optimize the stereotype of the tiles and to reduce the technical difficulties. A teamwork! Through the two extracted mass on the facades, we get in the building. On the south side, we access the new facilities for supporting the cemetery workers staff. The main entrance is from the north and takes us to the central space, inside the building, but with exterior features, pointed out by the natural light and the Portuguese Pavement on the floor (the sidewalks that surround the building continuity). Here, there are the washbasins and is a space that works for a pivotal area, between the female, male and accessible facilities.

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

这座建筑的建造并没有运用过多的先进技术，更多强调的是自然元素，例如南北向的自然通风，不仅能够带走室内的湿气，也会为建筑带来了清新的空气。在建筑的现有墙体上，建筑师运用了覆盖着白色玻璃覆层的木构屋架，室内空间通体洁白，上方投射有来自天空的光线，让室内具有充足的自然采光。大理石洗手盆与室外的空间元素相互匹配，蜡烛燃烧器是精致的黑色铁质工艺品。从整体上来说，其内部的一些细节设计也呼应了墓地的场地环境，让它们看上去更加完整细腻。

This is a building without technology, which means that is the wind (strengthened by the north-south orientation) that dehumidifies and renews the air. Sating on the pre-existing walls we have a timber roof truss with a white glaze. All the interiors are white and have natural lighting through skylights, which reinforces luminous comfort. The marble washbasins match with the outdoor objects of the cemetery. The candle burner is a sturdy and resistant piece made of black painted iron despite the delicate design. As a whole, these two objects reinforce the hierarchical network of the cemetery, not ceasing to be, of the scale and synthetic unit, plus one of its "salt and pepper shakers".

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

© Nelson Garrido

底层平面图/Ground Floor Plan

屋顶平面图/Rooftop Plan

北立面/North Elevation

东立面/East Elevation

建筑设计：M2.senos
地点：葡萄牙
主创建筑师：Ricardo Senos, Sofia Senos
面积：85平方米
项目时间：2017年
摄影：Nelson Garrido
制造商：Primus Vitória
建造商：Workers of São Salvador Parish Council

Architects: M2.senos
Location: 3830 Ilhavo, Portugal
Author Architects: Ricardo Senos, Sofia Senos
Area: 85.0 m2
Project Year: 2017
Photographs: Nelson Garrido
Manufacturers: Primus Vitória
Building: Workers of São Salvador Parish Council

            
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。