Royal Arena / 3XN + HKS
由专筑网杜雨川，李韧编译
来自建筑事务所的描述：这是哥本哈根最令人瞩目的文化场馆，35000平方米皇家竞技场，Metallica在这里的四场演唱会都座无虚席。该建筑专为音乐会和国际水平的体育赛事而建，这个新场馆在设计之初便有两个关键的目标：创造一个有吸引力的和高度灵活的多功能场馆，从而吸引本地以及国际的游客，同时确保建筑能够对整个地区以及哥本哈根产生正面影响。在平面布局中，不同的会议与活动都对应不同的功能区域，同时建筑师运用了暖色的木制立面让人们对内部空间充满好奇，整座建筑的设计提升了周边城市的生活质量，也让其与周围环境相互融合。
Text description provided by the architects. One of the most anticipated cultural venues in Copenhagen, the 35,000 m2 Royal Arena, opened with four sold out concerts by Metallica. Specially designed for concerts and international level sporting events, this new venue combines two key ambitions: to create an attractive and highly flexible multi-purpose arena that can attract spectators locally as well as internationally, while ensuring that the building’s presence will be a catalyzer for growth for the entire district as well as Copenhagen. With a podium that offers different public areas for social meetings and daily activities with a warm timber façade allowing spectators to look out and the curious to look in, the arena is designed to catalyse urban life, thereby adding value and fitting into the surrounding neighbourhood.
© Adam Mørk
优质的环境
毫无疑问，这种规模的建筑会影响到它旁边的社区。传统的体育建筑一般坐落在城市郊区，而这座哥本哈根新竞技场却并非如此，它位于人员密集的商业住宅区。因此，建筑的设计对于周边环境的互动与影响具有重要的相互作用。
The Good Neighbour
Without a doubt, a building of this size affects the community next to it. Copenhagen’s new international arena is not, like a traditional arena, located on the outskirts of the city. It sits amidst a dense residential urban area with housing and businesses. As ’the good neighbour,' therefore, its design needs to encourage active interaction and those characteristic values which make a neighbourhood enjoyable.
© Adam Mørk
“在开始皇家竞技场项目之前，我们一直在思考该如何规划场地设计？”3xn建筑师事务所的创始人和创意总监Kim Herfoth Nielsen说。
“Our most important question before starting out the Royal Arena project was: How do we design the good neighbour for this area?” tells Kim Herfoth Nielsen, Founder and Creative Director at 3XN Architects.
© Adam Mørk
从一开始，建筑师就计划创造建筑和社区之间的紧密共生关系，从而激活其周围的环境，为附近的生活和工作创造新的机遇。无论哪个方面，这座竞技场都带动了周边环境的发展，其设计核心理念是“以人为本”。
因此，建筑师对传统竞技场的类型概念进行了深刻的反思。
From the beginning, therefore, it was central to 3XN to create an intimate symbiosis between the building and the community, activating its surroundings and offering new opportunities for those who live and work adjacent to the building. All its facets, the arena is designed to be a ‘good neighbour’. Central was the idea of ‘putting people first’.
A radical rethinking of the Arena typology was, therefore, inevitable.
© Adam Mørk
斯堪的纳维亚人的类型学
皇家竞技场的设计核心是一个独特的体量，它也用于连接周边地区。其设计目的则是作为来自四面八方观众的集散点，它促进了当地社区的交融，在建筑不使用时，这里也能作为集散场所。
A Scandinavian Take on the Typology
Central to the design of the Royal Arena is a unique podium acting as a link to the adjoining neighbourhood. This feature is designed to efficiently absorb the movement of spectators through a variety of small plazas, pockets and gathering areas which have been carved from the podium’s perimeter. It simultaneously encourages the community to embrace the variety of public spaces, staircase, and adjacencies which promote activity and liveliness when the building is not in use.
© Adam Mørk
“由于竞技场是当地的建筑，所以我们必须通过当地的美学语言来设计它，而不仅仅是像其他体育场馆那样的巨大混凝土砌块。在设计方面，我们采用了高识别度的曲面木片，并运用了北欧盛行的简约表达形式。”Kim Herfort Nielsen说。
“Since the arena is a local building, it was important to us to design it as an aesthetic contribution to the area, and not just a massive concrete block like other stadiums tend to be. Design wise, Royal Arena is easy to recognize with the curvy wooden fins and the minimalistic Nordic expression and fits the nearby area,” Kim Herfort Nielsen explains.
© Adam Mørk
© Adam Mørk
© Adam Mørk
为了使各种规模的活动能够吸引更多人流量，建筑师设计一个独特的体量，人们通过宽阔的楼梯走上大平台，再从平台上方的主入口进入建筑，周围还设置有次入口用于分散人流，立面表皮如波浪般起伏，表皮生起的地方便对应着入口，既易于寻找又合乎逻辑。
To achieve optimal flow at all scales of events, 3XN designed the building with a single podium which efficiently absorbs the movement of spectators through a variety of small plazas, pockets and gathering areas which have been carved from the podium’s perimeter. Visitors enter the podium via a wide staircase and from the podium enter the building via a large main entrance or, in case of large audience sizes, are distributed smoothly along the facade between four different entries. The wavelike movements lift up slightly above the natural entry points of the Arena making way-finding easy and logical.
© Adam Mørk
© Adam Mørk
从乐队Metalica 到歌手Celine Dion，从冰球赛事到太阳剧团
建筑师运用了多种策略来提升室内的感官体验，例如用于促进视觉感受的倾斜墙体、声学反射天花板与墙面，各种元素让这里具有一流的视听体验。观众厅的高度高达22米，无论人们坐在哪里，都能清晰地欣赏到舞台上的表演。灵活的设计方式让这座建筑能够承办各种大型活动，也使其具有无限的可能性。
From Metalica to Celine Dion - from Icehockey to Cirque du Soleil
The bowl contains a variety of design features to improve performance experience, such as angled walls to improve sightlines, a flat ceiling, acoustic walls, vomitories to facilitate access and a stage set up which is first rate. With a 22 meter height around the stage, it is the focus point no matter where one is seated. The flexibility of the design allows for the widest range of events; and possible configurations that is therefore almost infinite.
© Adam Mørk
由于该场馆大多数都用于举办音乐会，因此后台的设计至关重要。
As concerts will make up a large proportion of events at the Royal Arena, the end stage configuration is very important.
© Adam Mørk
一层平面图/First Floor Plan
© Adam Mørk
体育场的布局非常灵活。环绕着舞台有22米的机动空间，整体布局对称，可以根据不同的音乐会风格以及售票情况来增加或减少座椅数量。该大楼在一层部分有一个开放区域和公共平台。大多数观众环绕舞台三面而坐，而当举办体育赛事时，原本的舞台区域也可用于摆放观众座椅。当用于举办演唱会时，建筑的楼板也能随即调整。
The Arena is also extremely flexible. It allows for a comprehensive range of staging options with a 22 meter height surrounding the stage. In addition, the symmetrical block layout, allows seating to be built up, reduced, expanded or sectioned off in the most appropriate ways for each concert, but also highly capable of adapting to quick operational changes and requirements based on ticket sales. The building has an open ground foor and a public plateau at the first floor level. Most of the spectators are seated on three sides of the stage/track/court, with the option to accommodate further visitors on the fourth side for sporting events and special cultural events. In concert-mode, the arena floor can be retracted.
© Adam Mørk
© Adam Mørk
© Adam Mørk
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© Adam Mørk
底层平面图/Ground Floor Plan
二层平面图/Second Floor Plan
三层平面图/Third Floor Plan
四层平面图/Fourth Floor Plan
看台剖面/Transverse Section
东立面/East Elevation
南立面/South Elevation
细节剖面/Detail Section
建筑设计：3XN, HKS
地点：丹麦，哥本哈根
规模：37000平米
项目年份：2017年
摄影：Adam Mørk
制造商：Accoya, BASF, ROCKWOOL, Fagerhult, SCHUCCO
本项目使用的产品：Accoya® Cladding, Siding & Facades, Acoustic Panels - Black(Troldtekt)
设计团队：Kim Herforth Nielsen, Jan Ammundsen, Bo Boje Larsen, Peter Feltendal, Audun Opdal, Maria Tkacova, Jack Renteria, Robin Vind Christiansen, Dennis Carlsson, Andreas Herborg, Anja Pedersen, Bodil Nordstrøm, Christian Harald Hommelhoff Brink, Gry Kjær, Ida Schøning Greisen, Jakob Wojcik, Jan Park Sørensen, Jeanette Hansen, Juras Lasovsky, Laila Fyhn Feldthaus, Mads Mathias Pedersen, Marie Persson, Mikkel Vintersborg, Pernille Ulvig Sangvin, Sang Yeun Lee, Sebastian le Dantec Reinhardt, Simon Hartmann-Petersen, Stine de Bang, Sune Mogensen, Søren Nersting, Tobias Gagner, Torsten Wang, Henrik Rømer Kania
工程师：Arup, HAMI and ME Engineers
景观建筑师：Planit-IE
客户端：CPHX P/S
• Architects: 3XN, HKS
• Location: Copenhagen, Denmark
• Area: 37000.0 m2
• Project Year: 2017
• Photographs: Adam Mørk
• Manufacturers: Accoya, BASF, ROCKWOOL, Fagerhult, SCHUCCO
• Products used in this Project: Accoya® Cladding, Siding & Facades, Acoustic Panels - Black(Troldtekt)
• Design Team: Kim Herforth Nielsen, Jan Ammundsen, Bo Boje Larsen, Peter Feltendal, Audun Opdal, Maria Tkacova, Jack Renteria, Robin Vind Christiansen, Dennis Carlsson, Andreas Herborg, Anja Pedersen, Bodil Nordstrøm, Christian Harald Hommelhoff Brink, Gry Kjær, Ida Schøning Greisen, Jakob Wojcik, Jan Park Sørensen, Jeanette Hansen, Juras Lasovsky, Laila Fyhn Feldthaus, Mads Mathias Pedersen, Marie Persson, Mikkel Vintersborg, Pernille Ulvig Sangvin, Sang Yeun Lee, Sebastian le Dantec Reinhardt, Simon Hartmann-Petersen, Stine de Bang, Sune Mogensen, Søren Nersting, Tobias Gagner, Torsten Wang, Henrik Rømer Kania
• Engineer: Arup, HAMI and ME Engineers
• Landscape architect: Planit-IE
• Client Arena: CPHX P/S
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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