可以抵御极端天气的Skýli 登山者庇护所
Skýli mountain shelter is designed to withstand extreme weather conditions

由专筑网姚小俊，曹逸希编译

Utopia Arkitekter设计了一款像帐篷一样的庇护所，这个庇护所可以为登山者提供一个温暖的休息场所。

这所名为Skyli的庇护所，寓意为“冰岛之居”，这所概念性的小屋是由斯德哥尔摩的Utopia Architects事务所设计的，目的是为登山者抵御冰岛山区的极端天气。

庇护所由钢材和交错层压木材建成，最多可容纳15名登山者，并设计有额外的空间可供烹饪，晾晒衣服和储存东西。山上的美景通过庇护所的落地窗尽收眼底。

Utopia Arkitekter的创始人兼创意总监Mattias Litström说：“设计Skyli时，将环境的可持续发展列为最重要的一点。”

“所选择的建筑材料不但要环保，同时也要能够抵抗极端天气。”

Utopia Arkitekter has designed a tent-like shelter that could provide a cosy retreat for trekkers in the mountains.
Called Skýli, which means shelter in Icelandic, the conceptual cabin is designed by Stockholm-based Utopia Arkitekter to withstand the extreme weather conditions of Iceland's mountain landscape.
Built from both steel and cross-laminated timber, it would sleep up to 15 mountaineers, with additional space to cook, dry clothes and stow gear. Large windows in the gables would offer views out over the landscape.
"Skyli is designed for pristine environments where sustainable development is of the highest importance," explained Mattias Litström, founder and creative director of Utopia Arkitekter.
"Materials need to be eco-conscious, while also resistant to extreme weather."

这个项目是为一个比赛而设计的，主要是为冰岛的“背包客和游牧人”所使用。

尽管在比赛中没有获胜，但它在2017年世界建筑节（World Architecture Festival）上获得提名，该活动今天在柏林开幕。

这所庇护所由四座尖顶金字塔组成，目的是让结构更加坚固稳定，并且可以从很远的地方看到它。

房屋由很多倾斜的屋顶拼接而成，形状像帐篷一样。屋顶的形状延续了传统的冰岛小屋的特点。同时，宝蓝色的小屋像是对七彩斑斓的冰岛首都雷克雅未克致敬。

The project was designed for a competition, calling for cabins that could be used by "backpackers and nomads" in Iceland.
Although it didn't win, it is now nominated for an award at the World Architecture Festival 2017, which kicked off in Berlin today.
The building's design is formed of four sharply pointed pyramids, intended to give the structure stability and make it visible from a distance.
These pitched roofs give the building its tent-like shape. The shape also resembles traditional Icelandic huts, whilst the bright blue is a nod to the colourful architecture of Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland.

屋外覆盖的彩钢板是与瑞士钢铁制造商SSAB合作设计的。

这种被称为绿外套的彩钢板使用了生物技术来生产涂层，在生产中使用了菜籽油代替化石油。它可以在低温（冰点以下）、高紫外线照射的条件下使用，同时具备耐腐蚀性，非常适合在高海拔和山地气候条件下使用。

该建筑有两个入口，分别位于建筑的南北两侧，这样就保证了总有一个门位于避风的一面。门向内倾斜，打开后可以自动关闭，便于屋内保温。

The colour-coated steel outer shell was designed in partnership with SSAB, a Swedish steel manufacturer.
Called GreenCoat, the material is created using a bio-based technology, using rapeseed oil instead of fossil-based oils. It can withstand temperatures below freezing and high exposure to UV radiation, and is resistant to corrosion, making it well suited to high altitudes and mountain weather.
The proposed building features two entrances, placed at both the north and south points so that one is always shielded from the wind. The doors are designed to slant inward so that they automatically stay closed, conserving the warmth inside.

将Skyli的内部分成四个区域，其中有两个是供休息和睡觉的，在这两个区域内装有双层床和折叠长椅，当需要时，可以把折叠长椅临时变成一个睡觉的地方。

第三个区域是用餐区，里面配有长凳和餐桌，第四个区域里面安装了燃气炊具。

根据建筑师的说法，在紧急情况下，燃气炊具可以用来为小屋供暖，尽管居住者本身产生的热量足以使小屋维持在一个舒适的温度。

墙上镶有成排的挂钩，方便悬挂衣物和装备，使它们远离地面。同时，地板上印着指南针，为登山者导向。

Inside, Skýli is split into four areas. There are two for resting and sleeping, fitted out with bunk beds and fold-away benches that can double as additional sleeping spaces.
The third space is a dining wing, containing a table with benches, while the fourth room accommodates cooking equipment powered by gas.
This equipment could also be used to heat the hut in an emergency, although the heat generated by the occupants should usually be enough to keep it at a good temperature, according to the architects.
Hooks line the walls to help keep equipment tidy and off the floor, while a compass printed on the floor offers easy orientation.

在钢质外墙与木质内墙之间的空隙中，设计师还为登山者设计了洗衣的空间和堆肥厕所。

下雨时，雨水沿着斜房顶流下，然后收集在屋外的自排水池中，为屋内提供清洗用水，净化之后可供做饭和饮用。

当天气好时，太阳能电池板和储能电池可以为室内的充电装置和照明提供充足的电能。当天气不好时，屋内的手摇发电机可供备用，同时当用户需要紧急求助时，还可以当做紧急信号灯使用。

屋内还配备了基本的医疗用品和一些食物，用来对抗紧急情况，它们储存在用餐区的长凳子下。

In the gap between the steel exterior and the wooden internal walls, the designers have included a space for visitors to wring out wet or muddy clothes, as well as room for a composting toilet.
Rainwater running down the sloping roof could be collected in self-draining tanks in the outer shell, providing the cabin with water that could be used for washing, or purified for cooking and drinking.
Solar panels and a battery offer enough power to charge devices and light the interior in good weather. A hand-crank generator would provide a backup on darker days, but would also double as an emergency beacon if occupants needed to call for help.
In the case of an emergency, the cabin would be kitted out with basic medical supplies and a stash of food rations, stored under the benches in the dining area.

建筑内的内壁和家具由交错层压木材（CLT）（一种高强度工程木材）做成。

可以折叠平放，十分便于运输。

配合着轻便的钢制外壳，庇护所可以轻易移动到需要的地方。交错层压木材、钢材与三层玻璃的窗户为房屋提供了良好的保温性能。

Litström说：“我们最初的设计是为了小屋能够方便于运送到偏远地区，因此，使用轻质材料是至关重要的。”

Both the inner shell and the furniture – designed to fold flat for ease of transportation – would be made from cross-laminated-timber (CLT), a high-strength engineered wood.
Combined with the lightweight steel shell, it would make the cabin easy to manoeuvre into position. The CLT and steel would also provide insulation, along with the triple-glazed windows.
“The original concept was developed to be easily transported to remote locations, therefore, utilising lightweight materials is very important,” explained Litström.


出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。