© Santiago Calatrava

世界上10大最高的“烂尾楼”
The 10 Tallest Uncompleted Skyscrapers

由专筑网李韧，王帅编译

我们或多或少都了解一些世界上的摩天大楼，这些大楼是人类的壮举，也是城市的象征。但是也有一些建筑并没有如期建成，在2014年，高层建筑与城市人居委员会（The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat——CTBUH）发布了一份报告，其中列出了20座并未建成的高层建筑，报告中的所有建筑都已经在建，但是施工已经停止。那么就让我们来一起了解一下排名前十的世界最高“烂尾楼”。

We all know a little about the world's tallest buildings—those engineering feats which define their cities and become symbols of human achievement—but what of the buildings that never took their planned place in their respective skylines? In 2014, The Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) released a report listing the 20 tallest buildings that were never completed (an up-to-date list is also maintained on their website here). In order to be considered "never completed," all of the buildings in the report had begun site work, but construction was completely halted with no reports indicating it will continue. Read on to find out the top 10 tallest uncompleted buildings in 2018 after the break.


Diagram from CTBUH's 2014 report. As of 2018, the Lighthouse Tower and Fairwell International Center have been pushed off the list by Sky City Changsha and 2WTC. Image via CTBUH


© DBOX

10、新世界贸易中心（地点：纽约、建筑设计：BIG、建筑高度：411米/1348英尺）

这是BIG建筑事务所的一个标志性项目，该事务所的新世界贸易中心的设计方案击败了福斯特建筑事务所1323英尺的设计方案，建筑位于纽约曼哈顿翠贝卡街区附近。由于两个主要投资者的退出，该项目于2016年早期搁置，但是根据纽约邮报的信息，Silverstein和BIG迟早会找到新的投资方，因此该项目的停止也许只是暂时的。

9、Lam Tara1号塔楼（地点：阿联酋，迪拜、建筑设计： Dimensions Engineering Consultants、建筑高度：454米/1490英尺）

这是Bin Manana双子塔项目之一，1号塔楼主要为住宅，地面楼层88层，高度达1490英尺，该项目于2008年开始施工，却在2010年12月份停止。

8、苏维埃宫殿（地点：俄罗斯，莫斯科、建筑设计：Boris Iofan, Vladimir Shchuko、建筑高度：495米/1624英尺）

该项目始于1937年，在二次大战之前，项目施工暂时停止。建筑的顶部原来应该放置俄国无产阶级革命领袖列宁的雕像，这在当时是全世界最高的建筑。

10. 2 World Trade Center; New York City, New York / BIG (411 meters / 1,348 feet)
Set to be one of BIG's landmark projects, the 2 World Trade Center redesign that replaced Foster + Partners was planned to top out at 1,323 feet with a design that references it's unique location at the intersection of the Manhattan skyline and the streetscape of nearby TriBeCa. The project was put on hold in early 2016 when the two major tenants withdrew their plans to relocate—but according to a New York Post report, Silverstein and BIG may find their anchor tenant sooner rather than later, meaning this entry on the list may only be temporary.

9. Lam Tara Tower 1; Dubai, UAE / Dimensions Engineering Consultants (454 meters / 1,490 feet)
Designed as a part of the Bin Manana Twin Towers complex, residential tower 1 was set to have 88 floors above ground reaching a height of 1,490 ft. The project began construction in 2008 but was halted in December of 2010.

8. Palace of the Soviets; Moscow, Russia / Boris Iofan, Vladimir Shchuko (495 meters / 1,624 feet)
Actually started in 1937, construction was halted during the framing phase due to the anticipation of World War II. The building was set to be topped with a statue of Vladimir Lenin, head of Soviet Russia from 1917-1924, which would have made it the world's tallest structure at the time.


Image via Wikimedia (public domain)

7、Burj Al Alam大楼（地点：阿联酋，迪拜、建筑设计： Engineering Consultants Group, Arup、建筑高度：510米/1673英尺）

这座“世界大厦”的一层部分为零售区域，还有74层的办公空间，顶部27层则用于酒店和服务设施。该项目开始于2006年初，预期竣工时间为2009年，但是在2008年由于全球金融危机的影响而不得不终止施工，因此在基础打桩完成之后，这座大楼的建设便不再有更多的进展。

6、多哈会展中心大厦（地点：卡塔尔，多哈、建筑设计：JAHN、建筑高度：551米/1808英尺）

由于干扰到多哈国际机场的飞行路径，该项目于2007年停止施工，会展中心的建设直到多哈新机场的建成才得以继续，新机场的落成后，会展中心也于2015年完工，但是大厦却没有建造起来，让这座新建筑失去了一定的光彩。

5、芝加哥大厦（地点：美国，伊利诺斯州，芝加哥、建筑设计：圣地亚哥·卡拉特拉瓦（Santiago Calatrava）、建筑高度：609.6米 / 2000英尺）

该项目原本应该成为美国最高的建筑，由卡拉特拉瓦设计，但由于经济因素，于2014年停止施工。从这之后，许多人建议将该地块进行重新利用。

7. Burj Al Alam; Dubai, UAE / Engineering Consultants Group, Arup (510 meters / 1,673 feet)
The design for the "World Tower" included retail space at ground level, 74 floors of office space, topped by 27 floors intended as a hotel and serviced projects. Construction began in 2006 with an expected completion date in 2009 but was dogged heavily by delays in payment during the global financial crisis in 2008. No more activity was seen on the site after piling work for the foundation was stopped in 2009.

6. Doha Convention Center Tower; Doha, Qatar / JAHN (551 meters / 1,808 feet)
Halted in 2007 due to the discovery of interference with flight paths out of Doha International Airport, the tower's construction was initially postponed until the completion of Doha's new Hamed International Airport. But, with the new airport completed, the convention center was completed without the tower in 2015, and no signs of new construction have taken place since.

5. Chicago Spire; Chicago, Illinois / Santiago Calatrava (609.6 meters / 2,000 feet)
Calatrava's design for what would have been the tallest building in the United States was finally put to rest in 2014 after many financial problems. There have since been many proposals to reuse the original site.


© Santiago Calatrava

4、俄罗斯大厦（地点：俄罗斯，莫斯科、建筑设计：福斯特建筑事务所、建筑高度：612米/2008英尺）

在经过12年的项目现场和设计的改动，这座由福斯特建筑事务所操刀设计的塔楼于2006年开始施工，但由于2008年的经济危机，该项目的施工于2008年停止，并且于2009年正式取消。

3、印度大厦（地点：印度，孟买、建筑设计：福斯特建筑事务所、建筑高度：699.7米/2296英尺）

这是福斯特建筑事务所的又一大项目，印度大厦于2010年开始施工，但是由于开发商与孟买政府之间的争议，该项目于2012年暂停，后来在2015年被正式取消。

4. Russia Tower; Moscow, Russia / Foster + Partners (612 meters / 2,008 feet)
Construction on this Foster + Partners tower finally began in 2006 after nearly 12 years of changes to the project site and design. The project was eventually halted in 2008 and later canceled altogether in 2009 after the fallout of the financial crisis in 2008.

3. India Tower; Mumbai, India / Foster + Partners (699.7 meters / 2,296 feet)
Another Foster + Partners project, the India Tower began construction in 2010, but construction was put on hold in 2012 after a major dispute between project developers and the civic authorities of Mumbai. It was later canceled in 2015.


Courtesy of differentenergy via YouTube, via Business Insider

2、天空之城（地点：中国，长沙、建筑设计：Broad Group、建筑高度：838 米/ 2749英尺 ）

天空之城项目的开发商原先计划通过高效的预制建造法，从而在90天内完工，但是该项目在2013年施工期间被叫停，到2016年，天空之城的施工计划全面停止，当前建筑的基地主要用于养鱼场。

1、Nakheel塔楼（地点：阿联酋，迪拜、建筑设计：Woods Bagot、建筑高度：1000米/3281英尺）

由于经济问题，这座200层的摩天大楼最终停止，该项目于2009年开始建设，Nakheel金融集团于2009年卷入了迪拜的债务危机，因此最终取消了该项目。

2. Sky City; Changsha, China / Broad Group (838 meters / 2,749 feet)
A casualty to extensive governmental regulations, the Sky City proposal—which was ambitiously proposed to be completed in just 90 days thanks to a hyper-efficient prefabrication method developed by developer Broad Sustainable Building—was halted in 2013 during pre-construction. Plans for the building's completion have stalled as of 2016, and present foundations for the building are currently being used as a fish farm.

1. Nakheel Tower; Dubai, UAE / Woods Bagot (1,000 meters / 3,281 feet)
Financial problems were ultimately the downfall of this 200-story proposal, set to begin construction in early 2009. Nakheel Financial Group was involved in the 2009 debt crisis in Dubai, and they finally had to cancel the project in late 2009 after pilings only began for the foundation.


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