Wittman Estes为西雅图花园工作室设计“城镇化庭院”模型
Seattle garden studio by Wittman Estes offers model for "courtyard urbanism"

由专筑网李韧，曹逸希编译

美国公司Wittman Estes为一座住宅扩建了一间工作室和一个中式院落，该项目位于建筑密集的街区，其目的是提高城市用地的利用率。

US firm Wittman Estes has added a studio building and a Chinese-inspired courtyard to an existing residence in a dense neighbourhood, aiming to show how to maximise an urban lot.

该项目名叫“蚂蚱工作室与庭院”，原有建筑为长方形，建于上世纪40年代。扩建项目需要在建筑后方的小巷旁增加一间多功能工作室，并且在工作室和住宅之间，再设计一座庭院。

The project, called Grasshopper Studio and Courtyard, is located on a rectangular parcel that contains a modest home dating to the 1940s. The project entailed adding a multi-functional studio building in the rear of the property, adjacent to an alley, along with a sunken courtyard that sits between the studio and the main home.

“灵活的小型建筑和私人户外空间将整座建筑的利用率最大化。”Wittman Estes公司负责人说，这是一家当地的设计工作室，由建筑师Matt Wittman和景观设计师Jody Estes共同创立。

"The flexibility of a small building footprint and large private outdoor space maximises and integrates the use of the entire property," said Wittman Estes, a local studio founded by architect Matt Wittman and landscape designer Jody Estes.

西雅图的住房危机导致小城镇建筑大规模的拆迁，这座工作室也受到了这些影响，因此其形态方正规整。而在这个蚂蚱项目中，建筑师希望通过传统的住宅模式来证明，即使是在高密度的环境中，建筑仍然能有高效的利用率。

The studio was influenced by Seattle's housing crunch, which has led to the demolition of small urban buildings and the emergence of large, boxy structures that some perceive as undesirable. The Grasshopper project reconsiders the traditional "single-family lot and offers Seattle and alternative density for the future".

事务所负责人说：“常规的新建筑代替了原有的小建筑，而这些大尺度建筑会让原本拥挤的街区更加拥挤。蚂蚱工作室与庭院项目则通过城镇化庭院的方式带来一种新的可能。”

"Normative new housing demolishes existing small buildings and replaces them with Seattle Modern Boxes that maximise building size and density within zoning setbacks," said the firm. "Grasshopper Studio and Courtyard offers an alternative density called courtyard urbanism."

工作室的形态仍然为方形，建筑面积为360平方英尺（约33平方米），其一侧面对着住宅的玻璃幕墙，而俯视小巷的立面则覆盖着金属面板，工作室的南立面有着能够升降的光滑玻璃大门，弱化了室内外的界限。

Rectangular in plan, the studio building encompasses 360 square feet (33 square metres). The side facing the home features a glass wall, while the elevation overlooking the alley is wrapped in corrugated metal. The southern facade has a glazed garage door that lifts up, eliminating the boundary between inside and out.

建筑上方运用了平屋顶，沿着南侧墙体微微向外出挑，在下方形成了停车区域，而出挑部分的内侧与底部覆盖着胶合板。

在室内，设计师放置了沙发、休闲椅、餐桌、书架。浴室和厕所通过一面木制墙体遮挡着。整个空间既高效又舒适。

The structure is topped with a flat, overhanging roof that extends far beyond the south wall, forming a carport. Plywood was used to cover the soffit and interior ceiling.
The compact building contains a sofa, lounge chair, dining table and a bookshelf. A wall made of wooden slats conceals a bathroom and closet. The space was designed to be highly adaptable.

工作室负责人说：“开放式工作室将功能最大化地呈现出来。在未来使用者可以根据需求进行分隔空间，例如短期的房间出租、工作场所，还可以用作起居室的休闲区。”

该工作室还设计了下沉式阳台，其设计灵感来源于中国的四合院。使用者可以在这里就餐、娱乐、休闲。北面是一条灰空间走廊，人们可以坐在这里休闲，它同时也是儿童的游戏场所。

庭院的中央种植着树木，在阳光的照射下形成斑驳的光影，而巨大的树冠则优雅地遮蔽着周边区域。

"The open-plan studio is programmatically indeterminate to encourage maximum flexibility," the studio said. "Future uses include visiting guests, short-term rental space, utility/workshop space, and play space for the main house."
The studio overlooks the sunken terrace, which was inspired by ancient Chinese courtyard housing. A paved area can accommodate dining, entertaining, lounging and year-round play. Lining the north side is a covered walkway, which can be used as a seating area or a stage for children's performances.
A silk tree in the centre of the courtyard offers dappled shade, while canopies of neighbouring trees are dotted around the perimeter.

团队负责人说：“我们通过‘借景’的手法，借用森林与天空的美景，让整个空间看上去宽敞许多。”

虽然西雅图的气候条件并不算特别好，但是城市中的各种住宅仍然围绕庭院而布局。其中包括于上世纪60年代改造的住宅，还有一对夫妇的自建住宅，它们都由MW Works工作室负责建造。

摄影：Nic Lehoux

"The illusion of a much larger property is created through 'borrowed landscape' from adjacent trees and the sky above," the team said.
Although Seattle is not particularly known for its fine weather, a variety of properties in the city are arranged around courtyards. They include an updated 1960s house and a couple's self-built home – both overseen by MW Works.
Photography is by Nic Lehoux.

出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。