CoRe Architects将韩国坦克地堡改造成社区艺术中心
CoRe Architects converts Korean tank bunker into community arts centre

由专筑网缕夕，李韧编译

韩国CoRe Architects将首尔的一座前军事地堡改造成为当地社区创意中心。

该建筑位于北朝鲜至首尔道路北部的Dobong-gu北部郊区，建于1970年，原先是坦克的燃料库。

South Korean studio CoRe Architects has transformed a former military bunker in Seoul into the Peace and the Culture Bunker, a creative hub for the local community.
Located in the northern suburb of Dobong-gu, which is on the route from North Korea to Seoul, the building was built in 1970 as a defensive shelter for tanks.

继2016年的设计竞赛之后，CoRe Architects的设计方案从中脱颖而出，将这座建筑改造成文化中心。

原先地堡的设计是为了将其主要防御设施安置在地下，而上部建造士兵宿舍，使其具有典型的住宅外观。

Following a competition in 2016, CoRe Architects was selected to oversee the structure's conversion into a cultural centre.
The bunker was designed to accommodate its main defence facilities on the ground floor, with accommodation for soldiers built above to give the appearance of a typical residential block.

整座地堡长度将近250米，有五个C形单元用于容纳坦克，一米厚的墙壁上设有开口，士兵可以在这里向敌人开火。

由于建筑功能的逐步退化，2004年三层公寓被拆除，但坦克设施得以保留。

在建筑进行改造之前曾经用作仓库，2009年，其附近建造了一座公园，为了让建筑与周围环境更加契合，因此需要对它进行改造。

The bunker extended for almost 250 metres and featured a sequence of five C-shaped units, which were capable of accommodating tanks that would be able to fire upon the enemy through openings in a metre-thick wall.
The three storeys of apartments were demolished in 2004 due to gradual degradation, but the tank facility was retained.
It was used as a warehouse before a decision was made to turn the structure into a public amenity more appropriate for its setting adjacent to a park that was created in 2009.

CoRe Architects保留并加强了现有的地堡结构，同时增加了各种钢材和木材，来创建新文化中心所需的空间。

“除了C形空间之外，一些旧的部件被拆除，而院子前部增加了钢结构的新空间。”建筑事务所解释说道，“新建筑和庭院是艺术家和当地社区人员工作和休息的场所。”

CoRe Architects retained and reinforced the existing structure of the bunker and added a variety of steel and timber additions to create the spaces needed for the new cultural centre.
"As a renovation strategy, some old parts were removed except for the C-shaped spaces, and new spaces with steel structure were added in front of the courtyard," the studio pointed out.
"The new construction and the courtyard serve as spaces for working and resting for the artists and the local community."

改造后的地堡包含了展示区和结合露天庭院的演讲厅。

建筑师在地堡的一侧增加了五个新单元，其中有办公室、艺术家工作室和社区餐厅。

The repurposed bunkers incorporate facilities including exhibition spaces and lecture halls interspersed with open-air courtyards.
Five new units added along one edge of the bunker contain offices, artist studios and a community restaurant.

另外，建筑师沿着原有外墙的走廊设计了贯穿建筑的室内流线，并将用于展览。这条走廊穿过中央广场下的地下通道，将各个单元连接在一起。

沿着地堡顺序向前的屋顶花园也将这些单元贯穿起来，游客还可以进入花园欣赏美景。

在整座社区中心，原有结构的各个部分都得以保留，让建筑的历史能够延续，另外，磨损的混凝土表面与现代木材、钢材形成对比。

A corridor that follows the original outer wall provides an indoor route through the building and will be used for exhibitions. This corridor passes through an underground passage beneath a central plaza to connect all the units together.
Visitors can also access a rooftop garden that extends all the way along the bunker and connects the five units.
Throughout the centre, sections of the original structure are left exposed as a reminder of the building's history. The worn concrete surfaces contrast with contemporary additions in wood and steel.

最后，建筑师在建筑前面建造了一座20米高的景观塔，为游客提供了周围公园和自然环境的景观。

“这座代表和平文化的地堡连接着过去与现在，连接国家的南北轴线和东西自然环境，并将以其独特的方式丰富自身的时间和空间意义。”建筑师总结说道。

在这之前，也有许多的军事地堡改建为文化建筑。在丹麦，BIG建筑事务所在纳粹军事地堡内设计建造了一座地下博物馆，而在柏林，John Pawson将二战地堡改造为东南亚艺术博物馆。

摄影：Hwang Hyochel

Finally, a 20-metre-tall observation tower was constructed in front of the building to provide visitors with a view across the surrounding park and natural environment.
"Hopefully, the Peace Culture Bunker, sitting in a space that connects the past with the present and linking the north-south citizen park axis and the west-east natural environment axis, will continue to enrich its own meaning in terms of both time and space," the architects concluded.
This will not be the first time that a war bunker has been converted into a cultural building. In Denmark BIG created a subterranean museum in a Nazi bunker, while in Berlin John Pawson converted a World War II bunker into a museum of Southeast Asian art.
Photography is by Hwang Hyochel.

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